考研英语翻译参考答案 05-14.ppt

1、考研英语,英译汉 05-14,2005年,（46）Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. 电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。,2005,(47) In Eur

2、ope, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. 在欧洲，像在其他地方一样，传媒集团越来越成功：这些集团将相关的电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社组合在一起。,2005,（48）This alone demonstrates that the televi

3、sion business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. 仅这一点就足以证明，要在电视行业里生存下来并非易事。统计数字尤其说明了这一事实，在80个欧洲电视网中，多达一半在1989年亏损。,2005,（49） Creating a “European identity” that respects the

4、 different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. 不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们做出战略性的选择。,2005,（50） In dealing with a challenge on su

5、ch a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall” -and if I had to choose a slogan，it would be “Unity in our diversity.” 在应对如此规模的挑战时，可以毫不夸张地说：“联合，我们就生存；分裂，我们就灭亡”。,2005,overwhelmingly significant phrase skepticism: n.怀疑论 skeptical:adj.怀疑性的,好怀疑的,无神论的 be able to compete comple

6、te in such a rich and hotly-contested market. integration: n.综合 integrate: vt.使成整体, 使一体化, 求.的积分 v.结合 integral: adj.完整/ 整体的, 数学 积分的, 构成整体所需要的 n.数学 积分, 完整, 部分,2005,oblige: 1. vt.迫使, 责成 2. 使感谢或感激： e.g. I am obliged to you for your gracious hospitality. e.g. They obliged us by arriving early. nonetheles

7、s: adv.虽然如此, 但是 entail: vt.使必需, 使蒙受, 使承担, 遗传给 n.建限定继承权 e.g. an investment that entailed high risk. 一项需承担高风险的投资 e.g. This job entails a lot of hard work. 这项工作需要十分努力. e.g. entailed property 限定继承的财产,2006年,account worth, standing, or importance: 价值，地位，重要性 e.g. a landowner of some account. 富有的地主 plead 1.

8、 To appeal earnestly; beg 诚恳地请求；乞求 e.g. plead for more time. 2. To offer reasons for or against something; argue earnestly:提出理由以支持或反对某事；认真地争辩 e.g. plead against a bill 反驳议案 3. To provide an argument or appeal:辩护；提出理由或呼吁： e.g. Your youth and simplicity plead for you in this instance. 在这种情况下你的年轻和单纯成为有

9、力的辩护,2006年,(46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems. 我会把“知识分子”定义为这样的人：他们把以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题作为人生的主要责任和乐趣。 我会把知识分子定义为这样的人：他把用苏格拉底方式思考道德问题作为人生的主要任务和乐趣。 我把知识分子定义为这样的个体：他用苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题，并以此作

10、为其生命中的主要职责与乐趣。 苏格拉底: Socrates,2006年,(46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems. 我把知识分子定义为这样的个体，他把用苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题作为自己的主要责任与乐趣。 “我会把知识分子定义为这样的人，他们把以苏格拉底的方式来思考道德问题的活动作为人生的主要任务和乐趣。”,2006年,

11、elect 1. To pick out; select: 挑出；挑选 E.g. elect an art course. 2. To decide, especially by preference: 决定；决定，尤指凭好恶决定： E.g. elected to take the summer off. 决定夏天休假 articulate: adj. 有关节的, 发音清晰的 vt. 用关节连接, 接合, 清晰明白地说 in the light of: 1) in consideration of: 根据，从 的观点 2) in relationship to: 鉴于；基于对的考虑,2006年

12、,(47) His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision. in a manner: 在某种意义上；多少；以某种方式 知识分子的作用与法官的作用类似，后者必须承担用尽可能明显的方式来揭示让他做出决定的推理过程的责任。 知识分子的作用类似于法官的作用，后者必须承担起这样的责任：用尽可能明显

13、的方式来揭示让他做出决定的推理过程。 知识分子的作用与法官类似，后者必须接受如下义务，即以尽可能浅显的方式揭示导致他做出某一决定的推理过程。,2006年,analogous to/with sth: partially similar or parallel; offering an analogy 类似的; 相似的: E.g. The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危机与大战前夕的形势类似 analogy for one:作为其中一个； 举例来说 e.g. I for

14、 one dont believe it. 至少我就不相信。,2006年,(48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems. 我把一般科学家排除在外了，这是因为，尽管科学家的成就可能有助于解决道德问题，但他们只有义务研究这些问题的事

15、实层面。 因为虽然普通科学家的成就有助于解决道德问题，但是他只是承担了触及这些问题事实方面的任务，所以我把他排除在外。,(48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems.,我之所以把普通科学家排除在外，是因为虽然他的成就有助于解决道

16、德问题，但是他只是承担了触及这些问题事实方面的任务。 我之所以把普通科学家排除在外，是因为虽然他的成就有助于解决道德问题，但是他只是触及了这些问题的事实方面。,2006年,cook his experiments cook: (Slang) To alter or falsify so as to make a more favorable impression; doctor: 【俚语】 伪造：为了产生更加有利的效果而更改或篡改；伪造： E.g. disreputable accountants who were paid to cook the firms books. 因篡改公司的帐册而

17、声名狼藉的会计师 doctor: n.医生, 博士, 古学者, 修理师 vt.授以博士学位, 诊断, 修改, 治疗, 搀混(食物、饮 料) vi.行医,2006年,(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. 但是，正如我们并不指

18、望商人把全部精力投入到探索商业行为规范中一样，普通科学家的主要任务也并非思考控制其行为的道德规范。 但是，普通科学家的主要任务并非思考指导其行为的道德规范，正如我们并不指望商人把精力投入到商业行为的探索一样。 但是，如同人们没有期待商人致力于思考商业界的行为准则一样，一般科学家的主要任务也不是思考控制其活动的道德规范。,(49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedi

19、cate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.,但是普通科学家的主要任务并非是思考约束其行为的道德准则，这正如人们不期望商人致力于探究商业行为规范。 但是普通科学家的主要任务并非思考道德准则，虽然道德准则约束着他的行为；这正如人们不指望商人致力于探究商业行为规范。,2006年,code: 1. a systematically arranged and comprehensive collection of laws. 法典：系统编排和广泛收集的法律汇编 2. a systematic collectio

20、n of regulations and rules of procedure or conduct: 法规：规则的系统收集和程序或实施的规则： E.g. a traffic code. 交通法规 whereby: 1. adv. 凭什么, 为何 2. conj.In accordance with which; by or through which. 与一致；通过，借以,2006年,(50) They may teach very well and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no indep

21、endent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. 知识分子可能很会教书，而且不仅仅是挣工资，但是他们大部分人对涉及道德判断的人类问题很少或者根本不进行独立思考。 教师可能擅长教书，而且不仅仅专注于赚钱，但是大部分教师对涉及人类道德判断的问题很少或没有进行独立的思考。 知识分子可能教得很好，而且可能不仅为了谋生而教书，但是他们中的大多数人对于涉及道德判断的人类问题几乎或者根本没有进行过独立的思考。,2006年,reflection 1. Mental concentration; careful consider

22、ation. 精神集中；仔细考虑 2. A thought or an opinion resulting from such consideration. 深思熟虑的想法：通过这种考虑产生的想法或观点,eminent,1. Towering or standing out above others; prominent: 高耸的，巍峨的：高出的或显眼的；突出的： E.g. an eminent peak. 巍峨的山峰 2. Of high rank, station, or quality; noteworthy: 显赫的：具有很高的头衔、地位或质量的；引人注目的： eminent memb

23、ers of the community. 3. Outstanding, as in character or performance; distinguished: 杰出的：例如在戏剧或表演中杰出的；醒目的 E.g. an eminent historian. noted 杰出的历史学家,Dont get me wrong. 别误会我 Its a toss-up. 这是没准儿的事。 By the time I got the letter that I was hired, I was ready to climb the wall. 我欣喜若狂 climb the wall : （因极端

24、忧虑、激动等而）反应激烈 pink slip,lion in the path: 难关、拦路虎 neck and neck: 并驾齐驱、不分上下 in full cry against 全力反对；猛烈抨击 He has great wisdom, to say nothing of his engaging manners. 他智慧过人，更不必说他的翩翩风度了。,2007年,(46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rat

25、her than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. equipment: n.装备, 设备, 器材, 装置, 铁道车辆, (一企业除房地产以外的)固定资产, 才能 faculty:n.才能, 本领, 能力, 全体教员, (大学的)系, 科, (授予的)权力 译文传统上，在加拿大的高等学府里，学习法律一直被看作是律师的专门工作/专利，而不是一个受过良好教育的人所必须具备的知识素养。,2007,(47) On the other, it links these concepts to ever

26、yday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. 译文另一方面，法律又将正义、民主和自由这些观念与日常生活中的实际联系在一起，其方式就如同新闻工作者在报道和评论新闻事件时，以日常生活为基础，使这些观念与实际情况相结合一样。 forge:v.1.稳步前进, 铸造, 伪造，2.使形成，做出，设计出,2007,(48) But the idea that the journalist mu

27、st understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. 译文但是，新闻工作者对于法律的理解应该比普通公民更加深刻，这个观点是在对于新闻媒体的既定规范和特殊的社会责任有深刻认识的基础之上建立的。,2007,(49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who d

28、o not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories. 译文实际上，很难想象那些对于加拿大宪法的基本特点缺乏清晰了解的新闻工作者能够胜任政治新闻报道的工作。 have a good mastery of sth. have a good command of sth. have a good grasp of sth.,2007年,(50) While comment and reaction from law

29、yers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. 译文律师的评论和反应当然能够提升新闻报道的价值，但是，记者们最好还是依靠自己对于事件重要性的认识来做出判断。 preferable: adj. 更可取的, 更好的, 更优越的,test,Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establ

30、ishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law. establish itself:确立自己的地位 2007,48. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reas

31、oning. 另一方面，有些评论认为尽管达尔文善于观察，却并不善于推理。达尔文并不接受此种言论，认为这是没有根据的。,2008,2008,47. He asserts, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. 参考答案： 达尔文还声称，对于冗长且完全抽象的思想，他的理解能力十分有限

32、。因为这个原因，他确信自己在数学方面根本不会成功。 for which reason引导非限定性定语从句，结构复杂，信息量较大，应该采用后置法翻译，比较简便的方法是翻译为“由于这个原因”。,ground,drive into the ground 或run into the ground =to belabor (an issue or a subject). 对（问题或主题）作过多说明 from the ground up = from the most basic level to the highest level; completely: 完全地：从最基础的水平到最高的水平；彻底地：

33、e.g. learn the family business from the ground up. 从头学习家族生意 on (ones) own ground = In a situation where one has knowledge or competence: 在行：处于自己的知识或能力范围之内的情况下： e.g. a sculptor back on her own ground after experiments with painting 在进行了绘画方面的探索之后又回到自己领域的雕塑家,pun-1,-This coffee tastes like mud. -Well, i

34、t was ground this morning. grind v. 1. 磨(碎), 碾(碎), 折磨 2. (Informal) to devote oneself to study or work: 【非正式用语】 苦干，苦学：完全投身于学习或工作中; e.g. grinding for a test: 为考试埋头苦读； grinding away at housework. 埋头做家务 n. (Informal) a laborious task, routine, or study: 【非正式用语】 苦力，苦差：费力的任务、日常工作或学习： the daily grind. 每天必

35、做的苦差,pun -2,-How many feet are there in a yard? - It depends on how many people are standing in the yard. yard: (Abbr. yd) a fundamental unit of length in both the U.S. Customary System and the British Imperial System, equal to 3 feet, or 36 inches (0.9144 meter). 缩写 yd, 码：在美国习惯体系和英国皇家体系中的一种基本长度单位.

36、n 院子,工作场地,修车场,草场,畜栏, v 把放入场地：把关进、收进或放进一围场，似乎进入围栏 feet: (Abbr. ft.) a unit of length in the U.S. Customary and British Imperial systems equal to 12 inches (0.3048 meter).,pun -3,-What is a dark horse? - A nightmare. dark horse: A little-known, unexpectedly successful entrant, as in a horserace. 黑马：实力

37、不为人所知却意外获胜的参赛者，如在赛马中 Money makes the mare go. Money can move even the gods. Money talks.,pun -4.,-Whats the smartest animal? -A snake. No one can pull its leg. 1. pull ones leg: 捉弄某人 2. a leg to stand on【俚语】= A justifiable or logical basis for defense; support: 站得住脚的基础：有根据、符合逻辑的辩护基础；支持： e.g. He does

38、nt have a leg to stand on in this debate.,pun -4.,3. a leg up【俚语】 1. The act or an instance of assisting; a boost. 帮助：协助的行为或实例；支援 2. A position of advantage; an edge: 优势：有利的地位；强处： e.g. We have a leg up on the competition. 我们在这次竞争中享有优势 4. on (ones) last legs = At the end of ones strength or resources

39、; ready to collapse, fail, or die. 枯竭，江郎才尽：某人力量或才智的尽头；即将崩溃、失败或死亡,pun -5,- What animal is rich? - Bloodhound, because its always picking up scents. bloodhound: n.一种大侦探犬 scent: n.气味, 香味, 香水, 线索, 嗅觉, 臭迹 vt.闻出, 嗅, 发觉, 循着遗臭追踪, 使充满气味 vi.嗅猎, 发出气味,pun6.7.8,6. - What day is the strongest day of the week? - S

40、unday. Other days are weekdays. 7. -You missed my class yesterday, didnt you? -Not in the least, sir, not in the least. (是没趣) 8. - Why arent horses well dressed? - Because they wear shoes but no socks.,考研翻译,2008,2008,46. he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage o

41、f forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 参考答案： 他相信，或许这种困难也有其好处，正是这种困难促使他能够长时间专注地思考每一个句子，从而能够在推理和自己的观察中发现错误。,2008,47. He asserts, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of t

42、hought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. 参考答案： 达尔文还声称，对于冗长且完全抽象的思想，他的理解能力十分有限。因为这个原因，他确信自己在数学方面根本不会成功。 for which reason引导非限定性定语从句，结构复杂，信息量较大，应该采用后置法翻译，比较简便的方法是翻译为“由于这个原因”。,48. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded t

43、he charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. 参考答案 另一方面，有些评论认为尽管达尔文善于观察，却并不善于推理。达尔文并不接受此种言论，认为这是没有根据的。,2008,48. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he

44、 had no power of reasoning. 参考答案 另一方面，有些评论认为尽管达尔文善于观察，却并不善于推理。达尔文并不接受此种言论，认为这是没有根据的。,2008,2005,（49） Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -that o

45、f producing programs in Europe for Europe. 不同的文化和传统把欧洲大陆编织成一体，要创造出一种尊重这些不同文化和传统的“欧洲品牌”绝非易事，需要人们做出战略性的选择。,2006年,(46) I shall define him as an individual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in Socratic way about moral problems. 我会把“知识分子”定义为这样的人：他们把以苏格拉底的方式

46、来思考道德问题作为人生的主要责任和乐趣。 我会把知识分子定义为这样的人：他把用苏格拉底方式思考道德问题作为人生的主要任务和乐趣。 我把知识分子定义为这样的个体：他用苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题，并以此作为其生命中的主要职责与乐趣。 苏格拉底: Socrates,49. He adds humbly that perhaps he was superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully. 参考答案 他谦逊地补充道，或

47、许他“比普通人更能够注意到那些容易忽视的细节，并对其进行仔细的观察”。,2008,50. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 参考答案 达尔文坚信，失去这些(对音乐和绘画的)兴趣，不仅会失去幸福，而且还可能损害智力发展，甚至可能损害道德/品德。,2008,46. It may be

48、 said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive. 参考答案 虽然我们可以说衡量任何一个社会机构价值的标准是其在丰富和完善人生方面所起的作用，但这种作用并不是我们最初的动机的组成部分。 可以说，任何社会制度的价值在于它对扩大和改进经验方面的影响，但是这种影响并不是它原来的动机的一部分。,2009,47 Only

49、gradually was the by-product of the institution noted, and only more gradually still was this effect considered as a directive factor in the conduct of the institution. 参考答案 人们只是逐渐地才注意到机构的这一副产品，而人们把这种作用视为机构运作的指导性因素的过程则更为缓慢。 一种制度的副产品，只是逐步被注意到的，而这种效果被视为实施这种制度的一个指导性因素更加缓慢得多。,2009,48 While it is easy to

50、 ignore in our contact with them the effect of our acts upon their disposition, it is not so easy as in dealing with adults. 参考答案 虽然在与年轻人的接触中我们容易忽视自己的行为对他们的性情所产生的影响，然而在与成年人打交道时这种情况就不那么容易发生。,2009,49 Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help consider

51、ing whether or no we are forming the powers which will secure this ability. 参考答案 由于我们对年轻人所做的首要工作在于使他们能够在生活中彼此相融，因此我们不禁要考虑自己是否在形成让他们获得这种能力的力量。,2009,50 We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education - that of

52、direct tuition or schooling. 参考答案 这就使我们得以在一直讨论的广义的教育过程中进一步区分出一种更为正式的教育形式，即直接讲授或学校教育。 因此，我们可以在上面所考虑的广阔的教育过程之内区别出一种比较正规的教育，即直接的教导或学校教育。,2009,2010,integrity,n. 完整；正直；诚实；廉正 1. an undivided or unbroken completeness or totality with nothing wanting e.g.: The integrity of the nervous system is required for

53、 normal development. synanym：unity; wholeness 2. moral soundness e.g.: she expects to find in us the common honesty and integrity of men of business; They admired his scrupulous professional integrity. adj. 细心的；小心谨慎的；一丝不苟的,2010,46. Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence

54、to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them. If you describe a situation asshaky, you mean that it is weak or unstable, and seems unlikely to last long or be successful. 不牢靠的 大意是;意思是;主要内容是 参考答案 科学家们立即拿出某些明显站不住脚的证据前来救驾，大致说的是如果鸟儿不能控制害虫的话，害虫就会把我们吃掉。,2010,valid,adj. 有效的；有根

55、据的；合法的；正当的 1. well grounded in logic or truth or having legal force a valid inference; a valid argument; a valid contract; a valid license 2. still legally acceptable the license is still valid,2010,47. but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue survival as a m

56、atter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us. 参考答案 但是我们至少已经几乎承认了这样一种观点：不管鸟类对我们是否有经济利益，生存都是它们的固有权利。,2010,intrinsic,adj.物生物本质的，固有的 essential inherent interior constitutional adj. 1. belonging to a thing by its very nature 2. situated within or belonging s

57、olely to the organ or body part on which it acts,2010,48. Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species”. 参考答案 曾几何时，生物学家总是重述以下的这条证据：这些生物通过捕食弱小的动物去维持生物链的正常运行，或它们只是

58、去捕食“没有价值的物种”。,2010,exterminate,vt. 消灭；根除 1. kill on a large scale; kill many E.G.：Hitler wanted to exterminate the Jews, Gypsies, Communists, and homosexuals of Europe. Synonym:kill off 2. destroy completely, as if down to the roots Synonym:uproot;eradicate; extirpate;root out,2010,49. In Europe, wh

59、ere forestry is ecologically more advanced, the non-commercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest community, to be preserved as such, within reason. as such: with respect to its inherent nature 同样地；本身；就其本身而论 = as well/in the same way within reason: to a moderately sufficient extent or degree 理智的，合理的；合情合理,2010,