初中英语简单句的5种基本类型.ppt

1、简单句的五种基本类型,预备知识,Subject主语?,Predicate谓语?,Object宾语?,Predicative 表语?,Full Verb 实义行为 动词?,Link Verb 连系动词?,还 “简单句”呢- 分不清了耶! 郁闷死!,休要担心少要害怕- 简单句（Simple Sentences） 就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子 -它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫简单句的啊! 英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了!-呵呵,就像俺这样:,Practice makes perfect! -熟能生巧,按结构分

2、一个完整的简单句由 “主语部分+谓语部分”构成 The man is a teacher. 主语部分 谓语部分 He works hard. 主语部分 谓语部分 He teaches English well. 主语部分 谓语部分,哲学上说: 运动是绝对的 静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于动词 一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词( 除了省略句外 ),动词,连系动词 主要动词 行为动词 助动词 辅助动词 情态动词,be (am is are was were) / seem / keep 是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound 看/感觉/尝/

3、闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow 变得,不及物动词 laugh / smile / look / listen 及物动词 see / hear / drink / eat,be (am / is /are / was / were) do / does / did have / has / had will / shall / be going to,can / may / must / shall / need could / should / would / might have (has) to / had better,连系动词,be (am i

4、s are was were) / seem / keep /是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) become / turn / get / grow / 变得,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。 由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。 和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说: 连系动词后面的就/才是表语!,He is a boy. She is a girl. They are students. They are good. He looks / seems i

5、ll. The apple tastes nice. Trees turn green. Your idea sounds good.,主语 连系动词 表语,连系动词,主系表结构（SVP） = 主语+连系动词+表语,Mr. Li is a good teacher.,The movie is interesting/wonderful.,He feels hungry.,The flower looks beautiful.,主语Subject : 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物” 。 也就是动作的发出者。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语Predicate

6、: 说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。 也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。 谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。,宾语Object : 表示动作、行为的对象。 也就是动作的接受者。 一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗 咬 人 。 主语 谓语 宾语,人 咬 狗 。 主语 谓语 宾语,及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词: see / hear / drink / eat / I saw him last week. We heard the bad news yesterday. They eat bread every day. He drank a glass o

7、f milk just now. 不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词: laugh / smile / look / listen / She smiled happily. They laughed loudly. 如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助: She look at the blackboard carefully. He listened to his teacher in class. They laughed at us after the match.,什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!,The doctor listened carefully.,The worker

8、ran fast.,The boy is fishing.,The girl dances well.,The duck is swimming.,The woman walks slowly.,主谓结构（SV） = 主语+谓语动词,不及物动词,He likes basketball game.,He plays computer games every day.,He played soccer yesterday.,He is playing the guitar now.,及物动词,主谓宾结构（SVO） =主语+谓语+宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们

9、放风筝。 They fly the kites.,风筝在天上飞。 The kites fly in the sky.,He gave me a present.,She teaches us. She teaches English.,She teaches us English.,She told me a story.,及物动词,主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd） =主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有 (A) buy / build / catch / cut choose / cook / find / get / keep / make / draw / do He

10、 bought me a new bike. 也可以改为for sb. 的句式 He bought a new bike for me. (B) give / take / send / bring / teach / show / tell / pay / write / read / sell / lend / pass / return / throw / offer / hand She lent me a book. 也可以改为 to sb. 的句式 She lent a book to me.,主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC） =主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语,He told me to

11、 clean my room.,I saw her dancing.,Our teacher asks us to read English every day.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let / make sb. do sth.,ask / tell / want / allow / wish / get / sb. to do sth. expect / encourage / invite / teach,find / see / hear / watch / notice / feel sb. do sth. sb. doing sth.,help sb. (to)

12、do sth.,hope和welcome 比较特殊我们可以说: I hope to visit your school. I hope that you can visit our school. I wish you to visit our school. Welcome to visit our school. You are welcome to visit our school. Welcome to our school. 但不可以说：I hope / welcome you to visit our school.,主语 谓（ 不及物动词） She came/ My father

13、 laughed. 主语 谓（及物动词） 宾语 She likes English. 主语 系动词 表语 She is happy 主语 谓 间接宾语 直接宾语 She gave John a book She bought a book for me. 主语 谓 宾语 宾语补语 She makes her mother angry The teacher asked me to read the passage.,总结：简单句5种基本句型,1 主系表型 She is a very good girl . (_语) (_词) (_语) The girl is very good. (_语) (

14、_词) (_语) 2 主谓型 _式: They laughed. The kites fly in the sky. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_词) _式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) (_词) (_语) _式: She told me a story. He gave me a good book. (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语) _式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (_语) (_词)

15、(_语) (_语) (_语) (_词) (_语) (_语),原来也蛮简单的哦!我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分,1 主系表型 She is a very good girl . (主语) (连系动词) (表语) The girl is very good. (主语) (连系动词) (表语) 2 主谓型 主谓式: They laughed. The kites fly in the sky. (主语) (谓语动词) (主语) (谓语动词) 主谓宾式: I bought a new bike. He plays volleyball. (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (主语) (谓语动词) (

16、宾语) 主谓宾宾式: She told me a story. He gave me a good book. (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语) 主谓宾宾补式 He asked me to help him. He made me happy. (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语补足语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语补足语),keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very

17、 beautiful.,It is beautiful music.,主系表,He is playing happily.,判断这些句子的类型并 理解be动词的双重身份 （连系动词助动词）,Exercises :,把下列简单句按基本句型分类：,No body is here. 2. He passed me a cup of tea. 3. Tom doesnt know the pop star. 4.My mother stays at home. 5. The milk tastes good. 6. The car caught fire. 7. The teacher has told me the fact. 8. He is reading a book. 9. He gave me a lecture y