Lesson 8 Title Tr. (English major).ppt

1、Lesson 8,Translation of Titles of Thesis in Scientific Writings,Features C) Only the first letter is capitalized,Titles in EST,Farm forestry in Australia: review of a national program (Agroforestry Systems) The theory of social forestry intervention: the state of the art in Asia (Agroforestry System

2、s) Non-violence Towards Animals in the Thinking of Gandhi: the Problem of Animal Husbandry (Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics),Titles in EST,Genetic aspects of the transition from traditional to modern fish farming (Theoretical and Applied Gentics) Problems of livestock development in

3、 the Himalayan region ( The Environmetalist),Features of titles of thesis in EST,(3) A subtitle is necessary for a longer title to further explain the theme or to shorten its length. e.g. Application of supercritical fluidextraction (SFE) to organic contamin ants in soil: method development for expl

4、osives Translation of Titles of Literary Works: from a Perspective of Reception Aesthetics 神奇的农业科技：蔬菜栽到墙上 红薯长在空中,Titles of Thesis of Scientific Writings in Chinese,e.g. 关于发展现代烟草农业科技创新问题的探讨 Ponder on the Development of Modern Tobacco Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation,Titles of Thesis of S

5、cientific Writings in Chinese,农业废弃物处理利用技术与农业机械化发展 Treatment and Utilization of Agricultural Wastes and Development of Supporting Agricultural Machinery 加强农业气象科研业务合作 提升气象为农业服务能力 Enhance the Cooperation of Agrometeorological Research and Service and Improve the Ability of Meteorological Service to Agr

6、iculture,Titles of Thesis of Scientific Writings in Chinese,攀枝花农业地质背景与发展生态农业的思考 The Agriculture Geologic Background and Eco-agriculture Development in Panzhihua Area 创意农业:未来中国农业发展新的亮点 Creativity Agriculture: a New Growth Point for Chinas Future Agriculture,Titles of Thesis of Scientific Writings in

7、Chinese,早熟禾对几种除草剂耐药性初探 Study on Anti- Drug of Blugrass to Some Kinds of Weed- Killere 紫花苜蓿草粉对产蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及蛋黄颜色的影响 Effect of Alfalfa Meal on Production Performance,Egg Quality and Egg Yolk Color of Layers,魔芋不同类型愈伤组织及分化能力研究 The Callus Types and Redifferentiation Capacitiesof Amrophophallus Blume 中国马铃薯上

8、几种纽带亚科线虫记述 Description of New Record Species of the SubfamilyHoplolaiminae Filipjev of Potato in China,Features of titles of Thesis of Scientific Writings in Chinese,Frequent employment of Conventional Phrases such as “浅谈”、“试论”、“漫谈”、“关于”、“体会、“初探”, etc. Common Use of Sentence panterns like “ 对的影响/作用”

9、, “研究”. 20 Chinese Characters.,Translation,1) Conventional phrases such as “浅谈”、“试论”、“漫谈”、“关于”、“体会、“初探” can be ommitted. 2) Articles are also seldom used. 初探铝粉在炸药和烟火剂中的应用 Application of alum inumpowder in explosives andpyrotechnics 关于相容性判据与动力学参数研究 Study of criterion of compatibility and kinetic para

10、meters,过滤常数确定方法初探 (Preliminary Study of) Methods of Determining Filtration Constants 现代机械系统可靠性设计探讨 (Discussion on) Reliability Design of Modern Mechanical System 自然资源与环境的研究 (Research on) Natural Resources and Environment 论建筑学与现代科学技术 (On) Architecture and Modern Scientific Techniques,(3) Phrases such

11、 as “Some Thoughts on”, “A Few Observations on”, “A Final Report on”,“A Brief Summary on”,“A Complete Analysis of” can be removed because they unnecessarily lengthen the title,thus interfering the content. But if its the comment on others opinions, the phrases should be translated to show its object

12、ivity. e.g. Some considerations of detonation parameters and effects of initial mixturemolecular weight 关于爆轰参数和原始混合物作用的几点思考,Chinese to English,1 使用前置修饰语 例 英语名词可以用形容词、名词、动词的非限 定形式进行前置修饰。这一修辞特点适用于体现汉语科技论文标题表达的特点。如果修饰词 不是很多 ,很长 ,则可以顺着汉语的词序进行译。 例:新型耐热钢锅炉喷嘴 New Heat-Resistant Steel Boiler Nozzle.,2 利用介词将

13、前置修饰后置 汉语名词之前可以有多个、多层次的前置修饰 ,而英语则更习惯于用后置修饰语。其中介词短语作名词的后置修饰语可以广泛地用于科技论文标题的翻译。译者应仔细研究标题结构 ,找出中心词 ,理顺修饰关系 ,然后选用恰当的介词 ,将汉语的前置修饰变成名词中心词的后置修饰。 例:一种自焙碳块的孔隙特征。 Porous Features of A Self-baking Carbon Block.,3 后置、前置修饰语混合使用 在实际的翻译过程中 ,纯粹的前置修饰或后置修饰并不多见 ,更多的是前后置修饰语交叉混合使用。这样可以使译文结构平稳 ,韵律优美。 例 1 铝合金半固态成形性 Formabi

14、lity of Aluminum Alloy in Semi-solid State. 例 2 中国铅电解槽计算机控制技术发展的回顾与展望 Review and Prospect of Computer Control System for Alumium Smelters in China.,4 非限定动词作修饰语 英语非限定动词用得十分广泛 ,汉语科技论文标题英译时应体现这一特点。带有动作、动态意义的汉字都可以考虑用英语非限定动词来表达。尤其是非限定动词短语作后置修饰语比用定语从句、状语从句更适用于标题的翻译 电容传感器场灵敏度分布计算的有限元模型 New Finite Element M

15、odel for Calculating Sensitivities of Capacitance Sensors 石油冶炼加热炉 Oil-Refining Heating Furnace,5 词语的省略与缩写 (1)省略是为了简洁 ,更主要的是为了突出主要内容。 北海的基础设施 North sea Infrastructure 此标题显然是省略了冠词 the。 一种(基于)金字塔(结构)的图像匹配(算)法 A Pyramidal Approach to Image Matching,(2)专业词语的缩写 a.汉语科技论文标题中带有英文缩写词 ,翻译时可照写。 例:USSOR叠加法 USSOR

16、 Iteration Method. b.为避免误解或者专业词的字母较少可用其全称。 例:平面桁架结构的特性 Properties of Trusses c.用专业词语的首字母 ,必要时可加注 例:低频带超显微镜 Low Frequency wideband SAM,Translation Practice,1. 不同油菜品种对油菜菌核病敏感性差异的生理生化特性研究 2.根结线虫种及种群致病性的聚类分析 3. 强化栽培对水稻后期群体质量及产量形成的影响 4.化学除草剂对稻田昆虫天敌群落的影响 5.高浓度细胞分裂素诱导棉花悬浮细胞程序性死亡 6.甘蓝型油菜小孢子培养的胚诱导和加倍效率的研究 7.

17、优质香稻主要害虫及捕食性天敌群落的结构和动态 8.菹草颗粒饲料营养成分的分析 9.温度与光照对新蚜虫疠霉产孢格局的影响,Translation Practice,10.湖北省玉米黄尾球跳甲的危害与年生活史 11.温度对甜菜夜蛾染病幼虫存活和取食量的影响 12. 甜菜夜蛾感病幼虫发育与温度关系模型研究 13.温度对甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒流行的影响 14.不同小麦品种成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化的研究 15.小麦幼胚培养高效成株系统的建立 16.几种选择性除草剂防除草坪双子叶杂草效果的研究 17.转基因技术在草地早熟禾育种中的应用及展望 18.秸秆和氮肥配合施用对高肥力土壤烤烟产量和品质的影响,19.

18、 抗虫杂交棉的光合及经济性状的优势及配合力研究 20. 保康野生紫薇的遗传多样性研究 21.棉花品种区域试验中的抗病鉴定技术 22.转基因抗虫杂交棉杂种后代的抗虫性研究 23. 菹草颗粒饲料营养成分的分析 24. 抗虫棉的若干性状和利用价值研究 25.玉米弯孢菌叶斑病传播的时空动态模型 26.笋用雷竹林引种后新立竹生长规律与经营密度研究 27.马铃薯块茎性状的遗传研究,28.油菜种子高质量总 RNA提取的一种有效方法 29.不同灌水量对生菜生长和光合作用的影响 30.药用植物茴香的细胞学研究 31.小麦穗发芽抗性与选择效应研究 32.钙对低温下柑橘愈伤组织渗透物质的调节 33.美洲斑潜蝇对黄瓜

19、品种的寄主选择性研究 34.九宫山森林生态资源自然价值量研究 35.小麦遗传背景对糯性品质的影响 36. 棉花秸秆干燥特性的高温综合热分析,Keys to Ex.,1. 不同油菜品种对油菜菌核病敏感性差异的生理生化特性研究 Physiological and Biochemical Reaction Responses to Sclerotium Blight Inoculation among Different Rapeseed Varieties 2.根结线虫种及种群致病性的聚类分析Cluster Analysis of Pathogenicity for Species and Pop

20、ulations of Major Root-Knot Nematodes,3. 强化栽培对水稻后期群体质量及产量形成的影响 Effects of SRI Technique on Population Quality after Heading Stage and Yield Formation in Rice 4.化学除草剂对稻田昆虫天敌群落的影响Effects of Chemical Herbicides on the Community of Insect Enemies in Rice Fields,5.高浓度细胞分裂素诱导棉花悬浮细胞程序性死亡 High Concentration

21、 of Cytokinin Induces Programmed Cell Death of Cotton Suspension Cultures 6.甘蓝型油菜小孢子培养的胚诱导和加倍效率的研究 Embryogenic and Doubling Efficiency in Microspore Culture of Brassica napus,7.优质香稻主要害虫及捕食性天敌群落的结构和动态 Community Structure and Population Dynamics of Major Insect Pests and Predaceous Arthropods in Four

22、High2Quality Rice Varieties in China 8.菹草颗粒饲料营养成分的分析 Analysis of Chemical Components of Pellet Potamogeton crispus L. Feed,9.温度与光照对新蚜虫疠霉产孢格局的影响 Influence of Temperature and Light on the Spore Production of the Entomophthoralean Fungus Pandora neoaphidis Humber 10.湖北省玉米黄尾球跳甲的危害与年生活史 The Damage and Li

23、fe History of Sphaeroderma apicale Baly in Hubei Province,11.温度对甜菜夜蛾染病幼虫存活和取食量的影响 The Relationship between the Survival and Daily Consumption of Virus2infected Larvae of Spodoptera exigua HnberandTemperature 12. 甜菜夜蛾感病幼虫发育与温度关系模型研究 RELATIONSHIP BETWEENDEVELOPMENTOF SeNPV2INFECTED LARVAE OF Spodopera

24、 exigua AND TEMPERATURE,13.温度对甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒流行的影响 Influence of incubation and inoculation temperatures on the epizootic of Spodoptera exigua nuclear polyhedrosis virus 14.不同小麦品种成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化的研究 Comparison of callus induction and regeneration of mature embryos derived from elite wheat ( Triticum aestivum

25、 L.) varieties,15.小麦幼胚培养高效成株系统的建立 High Efficiency Regeneration of Wheat Plantsfrom Immature Embryos 16.几种选择性除草剂防除草坪双子叶杂草效果的研究 A Study on the Effect of Several Selective Herbicides on the Dicotyledon Weeds in Turf,17.转基因技术在草地早熟禾育种中的应用及展望 Application and prospects of genetic transformation technology

26、in Poa pratensis L1 breeding 18.秸秆和氮肥配合施用对高肥力土壤烤烟产量和品质的影响 Effect of Combined Application of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Wheat Strawon Yield and Quality of Flue2cured Tobacco in Fertile Soil,19. 抗虫杂交棉的光合及经济性状的优势及配合力研究 Study on Heterosis and Combining Ability of Photosynthetic Characters and Econom ic Tra

27、its in Insectresistance Hybrid Cotton 20. 保康野生紫薇的遗传多样性研究 Study on Genetic Diversity of Wild Lagerstroemia from Baokang,21.棉花品种区域试验中的抗病鉴定技术 Identification Techniques of Cotton Resistances to Diseases in Regional Variety Trial 22.转基因抗虫杂交棉杂种后代的抗虫性研究 Resistivity of filial generations of insect- resistan

28、t transgenic hybrid cotton,23. 菹草颗粒饲料营养成分的分析 Analysis of Chemical Components of Pellet Potamogeton crispus L. Feed 24. 抗虫棉的若干性状和利用价值研究 Evaluation of Some Characters of Insect Resistance Cotton on the Cotton Productivity,25.玉米弯孢菌叶斑病传播的时空动态模型 A Spatio2Temporal Model on Curvularia lunata ( Wakker) Boed

29、 in Maize 26.笋用雷竹林引种后新立竹生长规律与经营密度研究 Studies on the New Bamboo Culm Growth after Mother TreesPlantedand Its Density Management for Bamboo Shoots Forest of Phyllostachys praecox f. preveynalis,27.马铃薯块茎性状的遗传研究 The Heredity Research on Tubers Characters of Potato (Solanum tuberosum) 28.油菜种子高质量总 RNA提取的一种

30、有效方法 An Efficient Method for Extraction of High Quality RNA from Rapeseeds,29.不同灌水量对生菜生长和光合作用的影响 Effects of Different Irrigation Quantity on the Growth and Photosynthesis of Lettuce 30.药用植物茴香的细胞学研究 Cytological Study on the Medical Plant Foeniculum vulgare Miller,31.小麦穗发芽抗性与选择效应研究 Wheat Pre-harvest S

31、prouting Resistance and Screening Efficiency 32.钙对低温下柑橘愈伤组织渗透物质的调节 Regulation of Calcium on some Osmolytes in Citrus Calli under Low Temperature Stress,33.美洲斑潜蝇对黄瓜品种的寄主选择性研究 Studies on the Host Selection of Liriomyza sativae Blanchard to Cucumber L. Varieties 34.九宫山森林生态资源自然价值量研究 Study on the Natural

32、 Value of the Forest Ecological Resources in Mount Jiugong,35.小麦遗传背景对糯性品质的影响 The Influence of Genetic Background on Waxy Endosperm Quality in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) 36. 棉花秸秆干燥特性的高温综合热分析 Thermal Synthetic Analysis at High-Temperature of Cotton Stalk in Drying Process,科普文章标题,How Are Your Genes?

33、 基因 What is MPC? 多媒体个人电脑 Whats in a Password? 如何设置口令 PCs Will Become Telephone Activitists PC机将成为电话网上的活跃分子,Its TV Time 电视时代 Is a Race of Robots Possible? 机器人可能成为一个种族吗？ We May Colonize the Cosmos but Well Never Conquer Space 我们可以殖民宇宙，但永远也不能征服太空,The Fuel That Makes Mass Media Work 大众媒体运行的燃料广告 The Life

34、 Circle of the Stars 星辰的生命周期 Blood and Heart 血液和心脏 Adaptation of Living Things 生物的适应方式,Man and the Killers 征服威胁人类生命的杀手 The Telephone of Today and Tomorrow 电话的今天和明天 Writable Optical Technologies 可写光盘技术 ATM: The Future of LANs ATM:未来的局域网 Optical Communications 光通信,Whats the Plan? 香港经济走向何初 Different St

35、rategies for Risk - Averse and Risk Seeker 承担风险的不同策略 Curtains for Dr. Death 美国安乐死之争 Better Diet, Healthier Skin 饮食与皮肤,Using the Mind against Disease 心理疗法 Technology to the Rescue 营救技术 The Weather-wathers 天气变化的原因 Success from Failure 管理人员的人格魅力 The Story behind the Atomic Bomb - A Killer is Born 原子弹的内幕一种杀人武器的诞生,Conflicting Values in Drug Use 能否使用非医疗目的药物 How Automobiles Work 汽车工作原理 Before the Web-Dots and Dashes Web 改变了人们的生活 MITs LeaderShape