语言学第7章.ppt

1、Chapter 7 Semantics，7.1指导7.1.1假设是semantics？ 7.1.2 su b -分支机构7.2小时维护。 7.2.1安全保护7.2.2防火保护7.2.3基本保护7.2.3防火保护7.3.3参考dintension7.2.3. 6概念版7.3.1组件版7.3.2概念版7.3.3概念版 .3.3. 4感知关系对象关系7.4感知事件感知7.4.3准备、协议、定位、7.1内容semanticsisoneofthesub -分支机构。 itisgenerallydefinedasthestudyofmeaning.7.1.2 su b-bran

2、chesofsemanticsjohnlyons (2000:11 ) distinguishesbetweenlinguisticsemanticsandnon-linguistic semantics.Wen Quang (19953360210 ) makesadistinctionbetweenlexicalsemanticsandsentencesemantics，thelatterofwhichisalsotermedsententialsemanticsbysomepeople。7.2.1Uncertainty of meaning、thewordsmeanandmeaningc

3、anbeusedinmanydifferentcontextsandfordifferentpurposesindailycommunication meaningisdefinedanduseddifferentlyaccordingtodifferenttheoreticalapproaches .7.2.2修订版，约翰龙(2000 ) mention 安卓知识物理学、学习经验、教科书(ii )详细信息、学习经验、教科书； 思想说(iii )；思想说(iii )； 行动反应说(iv)the meaning-is-use theory； 用法说(v )用日语怎么说？ 验证说(vi)the t

4、ruth-conditional theory .真值为Li Fuyin (李福印)、lifuyinaddsonemoretheorytothelist、I.e .“semantic triangular”(200633600 ) 1 .词义三角理论1 itshouldbesemantictriangle.theauthorsnote7.2.3. 1参考差异参考差异参考justasthetheoryofsemantictriangleindicates，参考erenceistherelationbetweenthelinguisticexpress word ) a

5、ndtheobjectinextra-linguisticrealitytowhichtheexpressionrefers .“bymeansofreference aspeakerindicateswhichthingsintheworld 1999336081 ).差异基本参考和注释， according to lons参考isdifferentfromdenotationinthatthedenotationofanexpressionisinvariantandutterance-independent 3360 I ssionhasinthelanguage-syst

6、em、独立关系、开放关系、可变关系参考参考所指的、按参考、 wemeantheobjectorstateofaffairsinextra-linguisticrealityoralinguisticelementtowhichthespeakerorwriterisreferringbyusingaling oflinguisticsandphonetics是thetermisdefinedas“theentityintheexternalworldtowhichalinguisticexpressionrefers”(创建，1985333 ) .参考时间限制、记录至关重要、参考

7、时间限制. somewordshavenoobvve e.g etc.thesamereferentmaybereferredtobyseveraldifferentlinguisticexpressions。 whichmaynotbesynonymoustooneanother .例如： When pointing to a dictionary。 youmaysaythatisadictionary/a disgrace/rubbish/Johns/the answer/my authority是hisparticularcontext (指点目录) thelinguist

8、icformsadictionary/a disgrace/rubbish/Johns/the answer/my authority是etc.allrefertothesameobject thetermsensereferstothecharacteristicorqualityoftheobjectdenotedbythelinguisticexpression.senseandreference 3360参考iii cexpressionandarealobjectintheextra-linguistic reality、andisthusseenasextra-linguistic

9、。 sensedenotestherelationshipsinsidelanguage .张伟友(1999年) citesthedefinitiongivenbyhurfordandheasley :thesenseofanexpressionisitsplaceinasystemofsemanticrelationshipswithothereer :25 ).扩展版，扩展referstotheclassofentitiestowhichalinguisticexpressioniscorrectlyapplied，w tothesetofdefiningproperties

10、whichdeterminestheapplicabilityofalinguisticexpression (crystal )。 1985 ).extensionandintensionaretwoaspectsofdenotation，whicharecomplementarytoeachother . concts conceptandmeaning : conceptis extra-linguisticwhilemeaningbelongstolanguageandisrestrictedtolanguageuse.access ultofhumancognition，reflectingtheobjectiveworldinthehumanmind.itisuniversaltoallmenalikeregardlessof race，语言版本。(11 ) .7.2. 4管理类别，管理类别，管理类别，不同类型，denotation，差异包括Refer to p. 112 for examples、somewordsmaytakeonadditionalmean