Language现在完成时.ppt

1、The present perfect tense,现在完成时,构成 用法 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 Have been to 与 Have gone to 延续性动词与非延续性动词,NO.1,finish,finished,finished,原形,过去式,过去分词,lose,lost,lost,see,saw,seen,-,-,GO,She has finished her homework.,We have seen the film.,I have lost my wallet.,GO,肯定句： 助动词 have（has）+ 过去分词,否定句： 助动词 have（has）+ not

2、+过去分词,一般疑问句： 助动词 have（has）+ 主语+过去分词,Form,(丢的动作对现在来说已经过去, 对现在造成的结果就是手表没有了,还找不到.),1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.,常与yet（已经，还，用于疑问或否定句）, already（已经，用于肯定句）, just（刚刚）, ever（曾经）和never（从来不）等副词连用.),I have lost my watch. 我把我的手表给丢了.,GO,用法,A: Have you finished your homework yet? B: I have already finished it.,B,A

3、: 你已经完成作业了吗？ B: 我已经完成了,A: Have you finished your homework yet? B: Ive just finished it.,B,A: 你已经完成作业了吗？ B: 我刚刚完成了,Have you finished your homework yet?,A: B: No, I havent finished it yet.,B,你已经完成你的作业了吗？,A: B: 不,我还没有完成作业,A: Have you ever been to Canada? B: No, Ive never been there.,B,A: 你曾经去过加拿大吗？ B:

4、我从来没有去过那里,I have lived here since 2004.,I have lived here since I came here.,She has been in Canada for seven years.,2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用.表示持续动作或状态的词应是延续性动词.常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，up to now/present, so far, in the last/past years 等时间状语连用。,GO,常和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的

5、状语连用.如： for+时间段 for12 weeks/three minutes since+ 时间点(起点)since 9 oclock this morning,since一段时间agofor时间段; since two weeks ago=; for a year=; since 2000=,for two weeks,since a year ago,for 9 years,since+从句(常用一般过去时) The Greens have lived in Beijing since they moved to Beijing from Paris.,1. - Have you _

6、 been to Beijing? - No, _. 2.I have _ finished my work. 3.I have finished my work_. 4.Have you finished your work_? 5.She has taught English _ 10 years. 6.He has worked in the factory _three years ago. 7.I have learnt 2000 English words_ _.,ever,never,just,already,yet,for,since,just, yet; ever, neve

7、r, already since, for, so far.,Use the words in the box to complete the following sentences,-,-,-,-,so far,main,Please read the dialogue on P104, and finish Part C. Where does Hans live? He _ in _. How long has he lived there?He _ _ there _ _. How long has Doris lived in Guangzhou?She _ _ here _ _ _

8、. Where was Doris born?She _ _ _ _.,lives,Hamburg,has,since,lived,1996,has,lived,for,14,years,was,born,in,Guangzhou,I have lost my watch.,I lost my watch.,-,现在完成时和一般过去时虽然都是表示过去的动作或状态,但现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调与现在的关系,不能够与 in1998 ,three days ago 和just now 等明确的过去的时间状语连用.,GO,而一般过去时只是表示动作是发生在过去,和现在并

9、没有什么直接与必然的联系, 因此一般过去是可以和表示明确的过去的时间状语连用.,A:火车已经开走了. B:什么时候开走的? A:半个小时之前开走的. A:这本书我已经买了两年了. B:你在哪儿买的? A:在深圳买的. A:你看过这部电影吗? B:看过. A:什么时候看的. B:上周星期天看的.,A: The train has left.,B: When did it leave.,A: It left half an hour ago.,A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it

10、 last Sunday.,A: Ive had the book for two years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in Shenzhen.,main,-,-,-,Translation,Have been to have gone to,Ex.,曾经到过某地,已经去了某地,He has been to Beijing.,He has gone to Beijing.,（他现在已经不在北京了）,（他可能在去北京的路上，或是已到北京，反正人现在不在说话现场）,Fill in the blanks with have / has bee

11、n (to) have / has gone (to),-,- Where is your father? - He isnt here now. He _ _ to work.,2. - _ you ever _ to England? - No, I _ _ there so far, but I _ _ to America twice.,has gone,have been,Have,been,havent been,main,注意：,come, go, leave, arrive, join, buy, die, bury(埋葬), marry等动词表示的动作是一时的，不能延续的，因

12、此不能与for, since等表示一段时间的状语连用。,非延续性动词又叫终止性动词或瞬间动词-不能和一段时间连用,-,延续性动词-可以和一段时间连用,We have been in the classroom for half an hour.,We have come to the classroom for half an hour.,His grandmother has died since three years ago.,His grandmother has been dead since three years ago.,We have to the classroom.,Hi

13、s grandmother has d.,GO,come,die,非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换,come / go -,be in,die -,be dead,buy -,have,borrow -,keep,open -,be open,close -,be closed,start / begin -,be on,join -,be a member of + 组织be in + 组织,-,Ex.,I have bought the new dictionary for a week.,I have had the new dictionary for a week.,我买一本新词典已有

14、一星期了。,They have come here for two days.,They have been here for two days.,他们来这儿已经两天了。,He has joined the League for two years.,He has been a member of the League for two years.,他已入团两年了。,The tall man has been dead for several years.,The tall man has died for several years.,那高个子的人已经死了几年了。,请 判 断,main,Pu

15、t the following sentences into English. A: 火车已经开走了. B: 什么时候开走的? A: 半个小时之前开走的. A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. B: 你在哪儿买的? A: 在我老家买的. A: 你看过这部电影吗? B: 看过. A: 什么时候看的. B: 上周星期天看的.,A: The train has left.,B: When did it leave.,A: It left half an hour ago.,A: have you seen the film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it?

16、B: I saw it last Sunday.,A: Ive had the book for two years. B: Where did you buy it? A: I bought it in my hometown.,main,1.She isnt here now because she _ the zoo. A.has been to B. have gone to C. has gone to 2.The Greens _ Guilin twice. A. have been to B. have been in C. has been in 3.Lily has made lots of friends since she _ here. A. come B. has been C. came D. coming 4.My parents _ in Beijing since 1995.