现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)

1、.现在完成时解说一、配置：肯定式：主语辅助动词have/has动词的科举分词。疑问式：助动词Have/Has主语动词的科举分词吗？不定式：主语助动词have/has not动词的科举分词。更改科举喷射规则：a)通常是直接ed ed、(work - worked、watered、finish-finished等；)，以获取详细信息b)以“辅音字母y”结尾的动词，y加I加ed，(carry-carried study-studied等；)，以获取详细信息c)结束后中毒的动词要用最后的辅音字母和ed双重写。(威廉莎士比亚，辅音，辅音，辅音，辅音，辅音，辅音，辅音)(stop - stopped，sh

2、op - shopped)d)以不发音的e结尾的动词是d(科举喷射不规则变更表：第二，使用方法：用法1:表示科举(已经、一次或一次)发生的任何动作对当前的影响或结果。标识语： Already， Never， Ever，Just， Yet， Before，一次/时间/数字时间示例：I have cleaned my room。我已经打扫了房间(房间现在很干净，不需要打扫)They have left .-他们已经离开了。也就是说，现在他们不在这里I have never had a car(我从没见过车。)，以获取详细信息I have been there twice。A)already经常用于

3、积极的句子，用于疑问句时强调或加强语气。Yet用于否定句和疑问句。He has already left here。他已经离开了这里。Has he already left here？他(真的)已经离开这里了吗？(表示加强语气)my teachers haven t had breakfast yet .我的老师们还没吃早饭。Have you written to your parents yet？你已经给你父母写信了吗？B) never是否定词，意思是“一次”，ever是“一次”We have never been to the Great Wall。我们没有去过长城。Have you ev

4、er been to Canada？你去过加拿大吗？C) just在句子中的意思是“刚才”Ive just had breakfast .我刚吃过早饭。What have they just done？他们刚才做了什么？D) before用于句子末尾，意思是“之前”Ive seen it before。我以前见过它。练习：使用never、ever、already、before、just或yet填充空格。1.I have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ seen him before，so I have no idea about him。2.jackhas _ _ _ _ _ _ _

5、_ _ finished his homework。3.-have you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ seen the film？-no，I have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ seenit .4.-has the bus left _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _？-是，it has _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ left。5.would you like to go to the zoo with me？Yes，but I have been there _ _。Has gone to、has been to和has been in之间的区别：1

6、.have/has gone to去了某个地方(还没有从某个地方回来)- Where is your father？你爸爸在哪里？- He has gone to Shanghai。他去了上海。2.have/has been to去过的次数(once/twice/digital times)我爸爸去过上海三次。my father has been to Shanghai 3 times。底线问题：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ has your father been to Shang hai？3.have/has been in牙齿停留了多久(去过但还在的地方

7、)for期间/Since时间点my father has been in Shang hai for two months/since two months ago。我爸爸在上海呆了两个月。底线问题：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ has your father been in Shang hai？注意：遇到4个位置副词就要去掉to/in，牙齿4个位置副词为here，there，home，abroad练习：使用have gone to/have been to/have been in/went to填充空格。1._ _ _ _ _ _ youever _ _ _ _ _

8、disneyland？2.how many times _ _ _ _ _ _ you _ _ _ _ _ disneyland？3.I _ _ _ _ _ Nanjing since two years ago4.Mr . Li _ _ _ _ _ _ hong kong . and hell come back in two days。5-how long _ _ _ _ _ _ you _ _ _ _ _ disneyland？-for three days . I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the theme park last Sunday。6.my father _ _

9、_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hong two weeks ago。7.my father _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hong kong in 2005。8.my father _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hong kong since 2005。9.my father _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hong kong twice。10.my father _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ hong kong and he hasnt come back yet .11.Wheres Lucy？-shehas _ _ _ _ _ _ _

10、_ _ to a restaurant for lunch。12.have you _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to this park before。13.I have _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ there only once this year .14.shehas _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to the shop to buy a notebook .15.youre late，Lao Wang has _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to guang Zhou。用法2:表示过去已经开始并持续到现在的动作或状态。logo语：up to now，

11、so far，for since时间点I have learnt English for more than ten years。我学了10多年英语。She has swum since half an hour ago。我游泳了30分钟A) for时间表Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks。我在这呆了5周。Hes studied English for 3 years。他学了三年英语。B) since(表示科举特定时间)时间点/单词/短语/子句(通常是科举)Eg. I have been here since 2000。我从2000年开始来到这里。I have b

12、een here since 5 years ago。我五年前就在这了。I have been here since I graduated in 2000。我2000年毕业后来了这里。注：1) for或since领导的时间副词的问题必须使用how long，渡边杏使用when。Eg. I have lived here for 10 years。线条绘制问题：_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ have you lived here？注2):暂时性动词不能和for或since引导的时间副词一起使用，当然也不能和how long牙齿引导的问题一起使用Eg .(错

13、误)I have left there for 5 years。I have been away there for 5 years。为了表达这种意思，我们经常用相应的连续性动词来代替临时动词。Become be，begin have，borrow keep，buy have，Go out be out come (go，arrive，get) be in die be dead，Finish be over，join be in.(be a member of.)leave be away (from.)、Open be open close be closed练习：使用for和since选

14、择填空33601.wehaven t seen each other _ _ _ _ _ _ a long time。2.his father has been in the party _ _ _ _ _ 10 years ago。3.the film has been on _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 minutes .4.Mr green has worked here _ _ _ _ _ he came to China .5.his grandparents have been dead _ _ _ _ _ _ several years。6.it s five years _ _

15、 _ _ _ _ _ wemet last time。三、与常用科举用法比较1现在完成的时候和一般过去都是说过去的事，但是现在完成的时候要注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的任何密切关系(如现在的结果、影响、到现在为止的继续等)，而不是和表示过去的时间一起使用。通常过去发生的行动和事情与现在无关，经常与表示过去的时间一起使用。eg:he has bought an English-Chinese dictionary。他已经买了一本英语-汉语词典。he bought an English-Chinese dictionary。他买了一本英语-汉语词典。第一句想用现在完成时态来表达“he

16、 bought an English-Chinese dictionary . and he still hasit”的意思。过去他买了一本英汉词典，现在有一本牙齿词典了.使用第二句的时候，只叙述了过去他买了一本英汉词典的事实，现在他是否有牙齿词典不太强调整说明。2.表示通常与过去一起使用的典型科举时间的副词：昨天，前天，前天，Just now、时间ago、last时间等eg : the plane took off ten minutes ago。We finished our task last week。现在完成的时候练习题一.单一选择1.I have been living here

17、_ 1999。A.for B. after C. in D. since2._ _ _ _ _ _ have you been playing the guitar？For 5 years。A.how soon b . how long c . how far d . how often3._ may I keep these books？For two weeks .A.how often b . how far c . how long d . how soon4._ _ _ _ _ _ _ have you been here？I ve been here for months .A.how long b . how often c . how