高三英语单元知识考点复习课件6.ppt

1、Module 5 Unit 2The environment,重点单词,1debate vi.&n.争论，辩论，讨论 【用法拓展】 debate on/about.就辩论 debate with sb.about sth.和某人就某事辩论 考虑/讨论是否 have a debate进行讨论、辩论 under debate在辩论中，在讨论中 open/close a debate开 始/终止辩论 (be)open to debate/a matter for debate还有待于讨论 debate with oneself仔细考虑，思考，盘算 debatable adj. 可争辩的，有争议的,【

2、易混辨析】 debate/argue/discuss (1)debate指在正式场合，和意见对立的一方进行全面地、彻底地、比较正式地争论，重在各述理由，双方交锋。后接名词或连接代词、副词引起的不定式短语，不接that从句。 (2)argue指就自己的看法、立场条理清楚地提出赞成或反对某事的理由，以说服他人。其后可接名词或that从句，不可接what，when，whether等引导的从句和不定式。 (3)discuss重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分。其后可接名词、动名词、不定式短语或when，whether，what等引导的从句，但不可接that从句。 They had been

3、 debating for several hours without reaching a conclusion. 他们已经争论了好几个小时，仍然没有得出一个结论。剑桥高阶,Education is the current focus of public debate. 教育是目前大众谈论的焦点。剑桥高阶 She debated with herself for a while，and then picked up the phone. 她仔细琢磨了一会儿，然后拿起了电话。 The two sides debated with each other about who was the bes

4、t for a whole day. 双方就谁是最优秀的问题相互争论了一整天。 He was debating whether to go for a walk or to visit a friend. 他当时正考虑是去散步还是去拜访一位朋友。,即学即用,完成句子 He _ us into believing that he was innocent. 他说服了我们，相信他是清白的。 答案：argued We _ how to carry out the plan. 我们讨论了如何实施这个计划。 答案：discussed,2expand vt.&vi.扩展，扩大 【用法拓展】 expand

5、v使变大，伸展，扩大，其名词为expansion 详述，进一步说明 expand into扩展成 【易混辨析】 expand/spread/stretch (1)expand指向四面八方扩大、扩张。 (2)spread指消息、疾病、瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物 铺开或把胳膊张开。 (3)stretch指手掌、手臂、腰、腿、颈由曲变直，由短变长的 伸展或伸出，多与out连用。 Committee members expanded on the issues at the meeting. 委员会成员在会上详述了那些问题。美国传统 The sofa expands into a bed.那个沙发

6、展开就是一张床。 美国传统,即学即用,用expand，spread，stretch的适当形式填空 The man _ the information all over the town. 答案：spread Metals _ when they are heated. 答案：expand The company has _ its operations in Atlanta by building a new factory there. 答案：expanded Despite the recession，the company is confident of further _. 答案：ex

7、pansion She _ out her hands to meet me. 答案：stretched,3concern n&v.关心，关注；担心，担忧 【用法拓展】 be concerned about/for sth.担心，挂念 be concerned in(be involved in)涉及，牵涉 be concerned with有关，关于 be concerned that.(be worried)担心 as/so far as sb./sth.is concerned就某人/某事而言 concerning prep.关于，就来说 【特别提醒】 (1)concerned adj.

8、作前置定语时，作“关切的”讲；作后置 定语时，作“有关的”讲。 (2)concern可作动词，但一般不用于进行时，意为“与 有关系，涉及，影响到”。 (3)concern作名词，意为“所关切的事；担心，忧虑”。,The lack of rain deeply concerned the farmers. 缺雨使农民们深感忧虑。美国传统 He has never been very concerned about what other people think of him. 他从来不大在乎别人怎样看他。 As far as were concerned，you can go whenever

9、you want.(We dont mind when you go.) 就我们而言，你们随时想走都可以走。 Concerning your request，I am pleased to inform you that.关于你的请求，我非常高兴地告诉你,即学即用,用concern及相关短语的适当形式填空 Everyone who was _ the affair regrets it very much. 答案：concerned in This story is _ a Russian family in the 19th century. 答案：concerned with He has

10、 never been very _ what other people think of him. 答案：concerned about,_ (In my opinion)，the whole idea is crazy. 答案：As far as Im concerned How much money I earn is _(与你无关) 答案：none of your concern _ that she might miss the turning and get lost， she went up to the policeman. 答案：Concerned,4range n范围 【用

11、法拓展】 (1)range nC(常用单数)(变动或浮动的)范围，界限，区域 beyond/outside the range of超出了的范围 in the range of在范围内 (2)range nC(常用单数)种类；一系列 a wide/full/great/diverse range of一系列；各种 (3)range n视觉或听觉范围 in/within range(of sth.)在可及的范围内，在视觉/听觉范围内 out of range(of sth.)在视觉/听觉范围之外 (4)range vi.(在一定范围内)变化，变动 range from A to B/range

12、between A and B,(5)range(vi.adv./prep.)(from A to B)包括(从到之间的各类事物) (6)range vt.(按一定位置或顺序)排列，排序 range sb./sth.adv./prep.(常用被动语态)sb./sth.be rangedadv./prep. (7)range vt.& vi.徘徊，漫步；四处移动 (8)range over sth.涉及；包括 The price range is from $100 to $500.价格从100美元到500美元不等。剑桥高阶 This type of work is outside/beyond

13、/out of my range(of experience)这种工作我(没经验)做不了。剑桥高阶 Their ages range from 25 to 50.他们的年龄范围从25岁到50岁。,即学即用,完成句子 It is beyond _ _ of my ability. 这超出了我的能力范围。 答案：the range There will be an increase _ _ _ _ 0 to 3 percent. 将会有0到3个百分点的增长幅度。 答案：in the range of Accommodation _ _ tourist class _ luxury hotels.

14、住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。 答案：ranges from；to,Spectators _ _ along the whole route of the procession. 旁观者们排列在整个游行路线的两侧。 答案：were ranged Her eyes _ the room. 她的目光在屋子里来回扫视。 答案：ranged His lecture _ _a number of topics. 他的讲座涉及许多话题。 答案：ranged over,5. effort n努力；艰难的尝试 【用法拓展】 make an effort/make efforts to do sth.努力去

15、做某事 make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力去做某事 spare no effort to do sth.不遗余力地去做某事 with(an)effort费力地，使劲地(with difficulty) without effort毫不费力地 in an effort(to do sth.)费劲地，艰难地(去做某事) try every means(to do sth.)不择手段(去做某事),If we could all make an effort to keep this office tidier it would help. 如果我们都努力保持整洁，那么

16、办公室的面貌肯定会大有改观。 剑桥高阶 Hes jogging round the park every morning in an effort to get fit for the football season. 为了调整好身体状况迎接这个赛季的足球赛，他现在每天早晨都绕着公园慢跑。剑桥高阶 We will make every effort to help the poor children go to school. 我们将尽一切努力去帮助贫穷孩子上学。 Please keep on trying.Im sure the efforts you are making will pay

17、 off. 请继续努力，我确信你的付出将会有所收获。,即学即用,完成句子 We should _ _ to finish the task on time. 我们应该尽力按时完成任务。 答案：make efforts He _ _ _ to save the patient. 他不遗余力地抢救病人。 答案：spared no effort,21,6create vt.创造，创作；引起，产生，造成 【用法拓展】 creation n创造，创立creative adj.有创造力的 creativity n创造力，独创力 creator n创造者 【易混辨析】 create/invent/make/

18、produce 这四个词均表示制成，创造出新的，原来没有的事物。 (1)create表示一种艺术的行为，是有意识的设想。也指意义 并不深远的创新。 The novelist creates a unique view of life by using everyday language. 这个小说家用简单的语言阐述了一种与众不同的人生观。 (2)invent比create更强调才干，更注重观念的形成而不是制作 过程。 He has invented a new way of making silk. 他发明了一种制造丝绸的新方法。,(3)make是最常用的一个词。它既表示艺术、科技方面的行为，

19、也表示任何种类产品的生产行为。 They made glass into bottles. 他们把玻璃制成瓶子。 (4)produce则主要指工作的完成，强调的是制作过程。 He created a wonderful meal from very few ingredients. 他用很少的几种食物原料做了一顿美餐。剑桥高阶 Weve created a good environment for economy.我们营造了一个良好的经济环境。 Its important to create a good impression when you meet a new client. 会见新客户

20、时，给对方留个好印象至关重要。剑桥高阶,重点短语,1.in addition另外 【用法拓展】 in addition另外，而且；单独使用，相当于副词，常用逗 号与句子隔开 in addition to除之外还；介词短语，后接名词或 代词 except介词，除之外；除去同类事物 except for介词，除之外；除去非同类事物 The meal was excellent except for the first course. 这顿饭好极了，只是第一道菜稍差些。,as well as 并列连词，既又，不仅而且,In addition to his flat in London，he has

21、a villa in Italy and a castle in Scotland. 除了在伦敦拥有一套公寓外，他在意大利还有一座乡间别墅，在苏格兰有一座城堡。剑桥高阶 She can speak three foreign languages in addition to/besides English. 除英语外，她还会说三种外语。 Ive finished all the paper apart from the last question. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。 Apart from/Besides/In addition to/As well as their house i

22、n London，they also have a villa in Spain. 他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。,即学即用,Everything was perfect for the picnic _ the weather. Ain place of Bas well as Cexcept for Din case of 解析：except for为肯定整体，但局部美中不足，后跟名词。句意为：除了天气之外，一切都适合野餐。 答案：C,22,2run out(of)用完，耗尽 【易混辨析】 run out/run out of sth.be run out of。 sth

23、.be run out of。 sth.be used up sth.be used up (2)run out相当于不及物动词,意为“用完,耗尽”,不能用于被动语态。 同义短语：give out(物)用完，耗尽；(人)筋疲力尽；分发；发出(气 味，热等)；发表，公布 【特别提醒】 run out为不及物动词短语，不能用于被动语态；后接宾语时，需要 加介词of；use up用光，用尽，为及物动词短语；give out用完，耗 尽，为不及物动词短语。 We ran out of milk.我们的牛奶喝完了。美国传统 Supplies ran out.供应的物资用完了。美国传统 After a m

24、onth，their food supplies gave out.一个月后，他们的食物贮 备消耗殆尽。 Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables.把剩下的蔬 菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。,即学即用,With his money _，he couldnt go home. Aleaving Bmissed Crunning out Drun out 解析：句意为：钱要花光了，他回不了家了。此处为with复合结构，run out为不及物动词，所以用现在分词。 答案：C A teachers too long speech c

25、an make the students patience _. Ato run out of Bto run out Crun out Drun out of 解析：句意为：老师的讲话太长可能使学生失去耐性。 答案：C,23,24,3. rely on依靠，依赖；信赖 【用法拓展】 rely on/upon sb./sth.依赖，依靠；信任，信赖某人/物 rely on/upon sb.to do sth.依赖；相信；指望某人去做某事 rely on/upon sb.for.依靠某人 depend on/upon依靠，依赖 believe in信任；相信 Shes relying on he

26、r parents to pay her rent. 她靠父母的钱付房租。美国传统 Im relying on you to be a good example for the others. 我相信你会成为其他人的好榜样。美国传统,即学即用,完成句子 As babies，we _ entirely _ others for food. 在婴儿时期，我们完全依赖别人喂食。 答案：rely；on These days we _ heavily _computers _ organize our work. 现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。 答案：rely；on；to You ca

27、n _ _ _ _ _ your secret. 你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。 答案：rely on me to keep He cant be _ _ _ _ the truth. 不能指望他说真话。 答案：relied on to tell,25,26,27,28,4result in/lead to导致 【用法拓展】 result in导致，造成；后面跟的是结果 result from因而起，由于；后面跟原因 as a consequence of结果，导致 in consequence of由于，作为的结果 lead to(to为介词)导致，造成(后果)；通向 The negoti

28、ations resulted in a new treaty. 谈判的结果是签定了新条约。美国传统 Nothing resulted from his efforts. 他的努力毫无结果。美国传统 They also believe it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他们还认为正是燃烧 越来越多的化石燃料才正在导致二氧化碳的增加. Eating too much sugar can lead to health proble

29、ms. 食用过多的糖会引起健康问题。,即学即用,完成句子 The cyclone has _ _ many thousands of deaths. 飓风已经造成了成千上万人的死亡。 答案：resulted in These policies _ _ many elderly and disabled people suffering hardships. 这些政策使得许多老人和残疾人在困苦中挣扎。 答案：resulted in,29,30,单项选择 It was the serious water pollution that _ the death of thousands of fish

30、es. Aran into Bcame from Cled to Dbegan with 解析：考查动词短语的意思。句意为：是严重的水污染导致的成千上万条鱼死亡。run into撞上；come from来自；lead to导致；begin with以开始。 答案：C,31,5. pick out找出，挑选；认出 【易混辨析】 pick out/choose/select (1)pick out指按个人喜好和希望进行挑选，多用于有形的东西 (人或物)。它还有“辨认出，区分出”的意思。 (2)choose挑选，选择。从若干人或事物中找出适合要求、满足 需要的，取决于个人意志，含最终选定的含义。 (

31、3)select指有目的地仔细、认真地选择，有“精选”的意思。 She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job. 她从大批求职者中被选中承担这项工作。 See if you can pick me out in this photo. 看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。 Can you pick out the three deliberate mistakes in this paragraph? 你能找出这一段中3个故意犯的错误吗？剑桥高阶,即学即用,完成句子 Our shops _ only the best qualit

32、y produce. 我们商店精选质量最好的产品。 答案：select You are free to _ your way of life. 你可以自由选择你的生活方式。 答案：choose,32,33,单项选择 Kathy _ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls，when she was on holiday there. Apicked up Bpicked out Cmade up Dturned up 解析：考查动词短语意义。pick up“无意中学会”；pick out“挑选”；make up“弥补，

33、编造”；turn up“出现，露面”。由句意可知A项正确。 答案：A,34,重点句子,1.The waste they create goes into the atmosphere and makes us sick. 他们制造的废物进入大气并且使我们生病。 本句主语为the waste，and连接两个并列谓语动词goes和 makes，make在此为使役动词，后接复合宾语，高考主要考查 其宾语补足语的形式。 【用法拓展】 make为使役动词，后接复合宾语结构，意为“使成为， 使某人做某事”。 (1)make宾语形容词 What he did made his teacher angry.他

34、的所作所为让老师生气。 【特别提醒】 在此结构中，若宾语是不定式或that从句，常用it作形式宾语， 把真正宾语后置.构成结构:make it形容词不定式/that从句.,(2)make宾语名词 All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. (谚语)只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也会变成傻。 (3)make宾语省略to的不定式 SARS made him stay at home. 非典病毒迫使他待在家里。 (此结构变成被动语态时，原来不带to的不定式要加to) He was made to stay at home. (4)make宾语过去分词 He cou

35、ldnt make himself heard/understood/known/believed. 他不能让别人听清他的声音/理解他/认识他/相信他。 Working in the kitchen made the boy a good cook.在厨房工作使这男孩变成了一名好厨师。 Eating too much food made him ill.吃得食物太多使他生病了。 Weve already made it clear that we will not give in to pressure. 我们已经明确表示不会屈服于压力。 Nothing will make me change

36、 my mind.什么也不会使我改变主意.,即学即用,Helen had to shout _ above the sound of the music. Amaking herself hear Bto make herself hear Cmaking herself heard Dto make herself heard 解析：根据句意，应选不定式作目的状语，排除A、C两项；B、D两项中的make为使役动词，而后面的herself与hear是被动关系，故用过去分词heard作宾补。 答案：D,35,2.，and are very careful to spend money repai

37、ring any damage they cause.非常认真地花钱去弥补他们造成的 损害。 【用法拓展】 (1)spend多指花费时间、金钱和精力，它的主语必须是 人，其结构为：Sb.spend. (2)cost常指花费金钱、精力、劳力、生命、健康等，一般 不用于花费时间。其主语必须是“事或物”，不以人作主 语，它可以接一个宾语，也可接双宾语。结构为：sth.cost money，sth.cost sb.money/energy/life/health.,(3)pay的主语是人，宾语可以是人或金钱等，与介词for搭配。,(4)take作“花费”讲时，大多用来指时间，也可指精力、勇气、想像力等

38、，主语一般是“事情”，有时也可以是人。常用于以下句型： It takes sb.some time to do sth.花费某人一段时间干某事。 It takes some time for sb.to do sth.对某人来说要花一段时间去干某事。 Sb.takes some time to do sth.某人花费时间做某事 Sth.takes sb.some time to do某事物花费某人一些时间来做,(5)offer vt.出价，构成短语： offer价钱(for sth.)出价(买某物) offer sb.价钱to do sth.出价雇某人去做某事 (6)buy vt.(用钱)买，

39、购买，构成短语： buy sth.for价钱 花钱买某物 buy sb.sth/buy sth.for sb.给某人买某物,即学即用,用take，spend，cost，pay，offer的适当形式填空 He _ a lot of money in buying a new car. 答案：spent Making an experiment like this _ much time and labour. 答案：costs,36,37,He had to _ 50,000 yuan for his new house. 答案：pay It _ the professor three year

40、s to carry out the experiment. 答案：took Taylor _ him 500 dollars to do the work. 答案：offered,38,39,40,3I liked it when you told that joke.我喜欢听你讲笑话。 【用法拓展】 it可充当形式宾语。当动词like，dislike，love，hate， appreciate，take(认为)，hide(隐瞒)，depend on，see to 等后接宾语从句时，应先加it，再接宾语从句。,即学即用,完成句子 I took _ that the train was lat

41、e. 我认为火车晚点了。 答案：it Never depend on _ that God will help you. 永远别指望上帝会帮你。 答案：it I would appreciate _ if you paid in cash. 如果你用现金付款，我会不胜感激。 答案：it,41,42,43,4. Nor is it good news for the fish and wildlife that live in or along the river.对于生活在江中或沿岸的鱼类和野生动物来说 这也不是好消息。 【用法拓展】 “nor/neither助动词/系动词/情态动词sb./s

42、th”表示否定情 况，当表示上面的肯定情况也适用于另一人或物时，用“so 助动词/系动词/情态动词sb./sth.”译为“某人/物也是这样”。 Little does he care about his clothes.他不在乎穿着。 Never have I seen such a film before.我从前从没看过这样的电影. Seldom does he come late.他很少迟到。,即学即用,单项选择 Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. Ahas this cit

43、y been Bthis city has been Cwas this city Dthis city was 解析：该句中否定副词never位于句首，句子应该用倒装结构。由never before可判断该句时态应该用现在完成时。 答案：A,44,完成句子 Tom says you work hard，_ _ _ and _ _ _. 汤姆说你工作努力，你确实是这样，而他也如此。 答案：so you do；so does he Tom is clever and works hard. 汤姆不仅聪明而且工作努力。 _ _ _ _ _. 玛丽也是。 答案：So it is with Mary.

44、/It is the same with Mary.,45,46,语法精讲,现在分词 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种：现在分词具有主动和 进行的意味，而过去分词具有被动和完成的意味。 1现在分词的时态分为一般时和完成时，语态有主动语态和 被动语态。其构成形式如下表：,(1)现在分词的主动语态分为一般时和完成时 一般时所表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。完成时所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He hurried home，looking behind as he went.他急忙回家，一边走一边向后看。 Having finished their homework，they

45、went out to play.做完作业后，他们出去玩。 (2)现在分词的被动语态分为一般式和完成式 一般时表示一个被动的动作正在进行，或与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生.完成时表示一个被动的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生. The large building being built will be a library.正在建的大楼将来是个图书馆。 Having been shown around the labs，we were taken to see the library. 被带着看完实验室后，我们又被带着参观了图书馆。,2. 现在分词的句法功能 (1)现在分词作定语 作定语用的现在

46、分词如果是单个的词，常放在名词的前面； 如果是分词短语，则放在名词的后边。现在分词作定语，表 示所修饰的人或物的动作或目前所处的状态，与所修饰的词 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。 The boy standing there is a classmate of mine. 站在那边的男孩是我的一个同学。 They built a highway leading to the mountain. 他们修建了一条通向山区的公路。 (2)现在分词作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语所具有的特征，多数情况下被认为 是物化形容词。 The football match we watched was very exc

47、iting.我们看过的 那场足球赛激动人心。 This book was especially interesting.这本书特别有趣。,(3)现在分词作宾语补足语 现在分词可用于feel，hear，see，notice，watch，observe，keep，find，get，have等后作宾语补足语。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long.对不起，让你久等了。 Can you hear him singing in the room？你能听到他在房间唱歌吗？ 【特别提醒】 make后不能接现在分词作宾补,但可接动词原形或过去分词作宾补. (4

48、)现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语，可表时间、原因、结果、条件、伴随、方式等。现在分词和句子的主语存在逻辑上的主谓关系，往往表示比较次要的动作。 Not knowing her address，we couldnt get in touch with her. 不知道她的地址，我们没有办法和她取得联系。 Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy. 听到那个消息，他们高兴得跳了起来。,【特别提醒】 当when，while，whenever，once，though，although，before，until，after等连词引导的状语从句中的主语和主句的主语

49、一致，且从句为主动语态结构时，从句可用省略形式，即“连接词v.ing”形式。 While reading the newspaper，he heard a strange noise. (While he was reading the newspaper，.) 读报的时候，他听到了一种奇怪的声音。 Waste water from a number of cities is cleaned before flowing back into rivers.(.before waste water flows back into rivers.)许多城市的污水在流回江河中以前已经被净化过了。,语

50、法专练,1Lucys new job paid twice as much as she had made _ in the restaurant. Aworking Bwork Cto work Dworked 解析：“working in the restaurant”为现在分词短语在句中 作状语。 答案：A 2_ in the queue for half an hour，the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. AWaiting BTo wai CHaving waited DTo have wai

51、ted 解析：逗号前的部分是时间状语，不定式一般不作时间状 语，首先排除B、D两项；wait这一动作发生在realize之 前，故用分词的完成时。 答案：C,3_ in the fields on a March afternoon，he could feel the warmth of spring. ATo walk BWalking CWalked DHaving walked 解析：句意为：三月的一天下午在田地里走时，他能感觉到 春天的温暖。此处应该用现在分词作伴随状语，表示walk与 feel是伴随发生的动作。 答案：B 4_ that he was in great danger，

52、Eric walked deeper into the forest. ANot realized BNot to realize CNot realizing DNot to have realized 解析：realize与句子的主语构成主谓关系，故排除A项；B 项和D项都指将来的动作，故选C项。 答案：C,5_ their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory. ATo throw BThrown CThrowing DBeing thrown 解析：throw与句子主语

53、the fans之间为主谓关系，故用现在 分词作状语。A项表示动作还未发生；B、D两项表示被动。 答案：C 6. He was busy writing a story，only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette. Ato stop Bstopping Cto have stopped Dhaving stopped 解析：句意为：他在忙着写一个故事，只是偶尔停下来抽支 烟。此处应为现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示与write伴随 的动作。A项通常作目的状语和结果状语。 答案：B,7_ that she was going off to sleep，I

54、asked if shed like that little doll on her bed. ASeeing BTo see CSee DSeen 解析：see这一动作由句子的主语“I”发出，故空格处须用 现在分词。 答案：A 8My sister，an inexperienced rider，was found sitting on the bicycle _ to balance it. Ahaving tried Btrying Cto try Dtried 解析：该题中考查了固定句式“find宾语宾语补足语” 结构的被动语态形式。由于try与find的动作几乎同时发 生，且try与主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故try须用现 在分词形式作宾语补足语。 答案：B,9Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure. Ato drink Bdrinking Cto be drinking Ddrunk 解析：句意为：简单得如同喝点凉水这样的事情会使你头脑 清醒并释放压力。本题中主语为something，其后的“as simple