高考英语语法 定语从句 田萱.ppt

1、专项语法复习 Attributive Clause,定 语 从 句 1. 定义： 在句中起定语的作用、修饰句子中的名词或代词的从句。因其功能类似形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。 2. 三要素： 2.2 关系代词（who, whom, whose, which，that, as) 或关系副词（when ,where, why) 2.3 关系词在定语从句中充当成分,2.1 先行词,关系词在定语从句中充当成分,Who/whom指人，在从句中作主语或宾语 Which指物(含时间，地点)，在从句中作主语或宾语 That 指人或物(含时间，地点)，在从句中作主语或宾语 Whose指某人的或某物的，在从句中作

2、定语 When指在某个时间，在从句中作时间状语 Where指在某地，在从句中作地点状语 Why指原因，在从句中原因状语,只用that不用 which的情况,1. 先行词为不定代词all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时 All that we have to do is to practice every day. 2. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时 The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten. 3. 先行词被the only, the

3、very, the same, the last等修饰时 He is the only person that I want to talk to. 4. 先行词被all, little, much, some, any, no, every等修饰时 There is little work that you can do. 5. 先行词有人又有物时。 They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 6. 主句是以who/which开头的特殊疑问句时 Who is the woman that you

4、shook hands with just now?,只用which不用that的情况,1. 引导非限制性定语从句时 I have lost the pen, which I like very much. 2. 关系代词指物放置于介词后 We depend on the land from which we get our food. 注意：如果介词没有提前用which或that都可以,1. This is the book _ I told you about. * 2. She described in her compositions the people and places _ i

5、mpressed her most. 3. Who is the girl _ drove the car? A. which B. that C. D. all above E. who,Practise: The differences between “that” and “which”,D,B,B,4. Hes the only boy in our city _ enters the Beijing University. 5. The third place _ we are going to visit is Hangzhou. 6. Is that the best _ you

6、 can do? A. which B. that C. D. all above E. who,B,B、C,B、C,7. All _ is needed is money and hands. 8. We heard clearly every word _ he said. A. which B. that C. D. all above E. who,B,B、C,9. This is the great moment to _ I look forward. 10. We suggested he go to see a doctor, _ advise has been taken b

7、y him. A. which B. that C. D. all above E. who,A,A,介词+which/whom引导定语从句,介词+which/whom引导定语从句时, 介词的选择受到上下文意思的限制, 或与前面的名词搭配有关, 或与后面的动词搭配有关。如: Lighter is the fastest thing all over the world, the speed of which is 300 000 km per second. He is telling a story of Lei Feng, of whom every one of us is proud.

8、 The paper _ bamboo is made is especially fine. A. which B. into which C. of which D. from which Keys: B,where, when, why引导的定语从句,1) when 在定语从句中作时间状语, 它的先行词是表示时间的名词，相当于at/in/during + which, 指代在某个时间。如: He came at a time when I least expected him. 2) where在定语从句中作地点状语, 它的先行词是表示地点的名词，相当于at/in/on + which,

9、 指代在某地。如: He has gone to America, where he will spend two years. 3) why在定语从句中作原因状语, 它的先行词只有reason一词, 相当于for which, 指代for the reason（为此，因此而）。如: I dont know the reason why he left there. The reason why I was late was that I missed the bus.,1. The sun heats the earth, _ is very important to us. 2. He f

10、ailed in the exam, _ was expected. A. that B. as C. which D. it E. B _ parents are living in America.,5. Thats the man the house of _ has burnt down.,A. which B. whose C. whom D. his,4. Thats the man _ house has burned down.,B,C,D,；,7. It may rain, _ case the match will be put off. A. of which B. fo

11、r that C. in which D. whose,C,1.We visited a factory _ makes toys for children. 2.We visited a factory _ toys are made for children. 3. You can go _ you want. A. where B. to which C. D. that,A,D,II. 关系副词（ when, where, why）,A,4. Is this the school _ Tom once studied at? 5. Is this school _ Tom once s

12、tudied? 6. Is this the school at _Tom once studied? 7. Is this school _ Tom once studied at? 8. Is this the school _Tom once studied? A. the one that B. where C. the one where D. which,A,D,C,D,B,缺先行词,9. Summer is the season _ my favorite season is. 10. Summer is the season _ I like to travel. 11. I

13、will visit you _ its convenient for you. A. which B. when C. on which D. that,D,B,B,12. She doesnt see the reason _ he would like to join them. 13. She doesnt see _ he would like to join them. 14. Do you forget the reason _ I have told you? A. why B. C. that D. for which E. all above F. which,E,A,B

14、C F,*定语从句的主谓一致,He is the only one of the students _ got very good marks in the match. He is one of the students _ got good marks in the match. A. that have B. that has C. who have D. who has E. A & C F. B &D,B,E,几种较复杂的定语从句,way后面的定语从句 Please tell me the way(that/in which/省略) you did the job. The way

15、(that/which) youve thought of is very good.,含有定语从句的强调句型.如:,It was in the lab which was taken care of by Mr. Wang that they did the experiment. 把定语从句去掉，有助理解。,定语从句中加插入语。如:,This is the man who I believe is honest. We feed the children who we think are hungry. 把插入部分去掉可简化定语从句，易于理解。,1. Word came _ their a

16、rmy was defeated. 2. We expressed to them our wish _ was the same as their. 3. It is the hotel _ we stayed in last night. 4. It was in the hotel _ we stayed last night. A. that B. which C. who D. A&B,(同位语从句),(定语从句),（强调句）,A,D,D,A,辨别句型:,定语从句与同位语从句的区别:,Combine the following sentences, using attributive

17、 clause and some conjunctions.,Zhang Zhenwei , who is a famous Chinese actor from ZhanJiang, acted many films, one of which is Breakpoint.,Zhang Zhenwei is a Chinese. He is an actor. He is famous. He is from ZhanJiang. He acted many films. Breakpoint is one of the films.,Liu Jie is a student. She is a girl. She is 16. Her dad is a teacher. Her mother is a teacher, too. She is our moni