代词 pronoun.ppt

1、代词 pronoun,用来指代上文所提到过的名词、名词词组或更高层次的语法结构。,1.人称代词,人称代词有主格和宾格两种。 主格在句子中充当主语，宾语在句子中 充当动词或介词的宾语。 I teach you English.我叫你们英语。,人称代词需要注意的问题,1）人称代词和名词在一起的排列顺序一般为：名词、人称代词。但you常位于名词前。 e.g. Li Ming and I( he, she, we) are good friends. 注意：主语用主格；复数 You and Li Ming are good friends. 2）人称代词在一起的排列顺序：第二人称，第三人称，第一人称。

2、 e.g. You, he and I are good friends. 你我他是好朋友。 中文顺序是你我他，英文顺序是你他我。,3）人称代词作表语时，若说明主语一般用主格，说明宾语一般用宾格。（口语中一般均用宾格） e.g. If I were she, I would stay at home instead of going abroad. 如果我是她，我就留在国内而不是出国。 I believe the killer to be her. 我认为凶手是她。,It的用法,1）作人称代词时，可指代事物、动物、婴儿，以及未知的人或物。 e.g. Whats wrong with the d

3、og? -It is sick. Whats wrong with the baby? -It is sick. She killed her brother. I will never forget it. 她杀了她的哥哥，我永远不会忘记这件事的。 “Who is knocking the door?”- “It is me.” “谁在敲门？” “是我。”,2）作非人称代词，引出非人称句，表示天气、时间和距离等。 e.g. Whats the weather like in Beijing? Its rainy/ cloudy/ cold. 北京的天气怎么样？ Whats the time

4、now? Its ten oclock. 现在几点了？ How far is it from here to your hometown? Its twenty minutes by bike. Its three thousand meters. 从这儿到你家乡有多远？,3）作形式代词（可以代替句中的不定式短语、动名词短语或从句等作形式主语，形式宾语）。 e.g. To master a foreign language is very important.= Its very important to master a foreign language. 掌握一门第二外语非常重要。 Its

5、 no use crying over his death. 为他的死哭泣已经没有用了。 4）用于强调句型。 It is + 主语 + that + 谓语 e.g. It is his friends that are crying over his death. 是他的朋友们正为他的死而哭泣。,2.物主代词,物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词后面需接名词，名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词接名词。 e.g. My pen is red and hers=(her pen) is blue. 我的钢笔是红色的，她的是蓝色的。,反身代词,1）可以作宾语，表示动作的承

6、受着是动作发出者本身。 e.g. Take care of yourself!（作代词后的宾语） 照顾好你自己。 2）可以作同位语，对名词或代词表示强调。 e.g. She herself is a doctor. 她自己是个医生。 3）有时可以作表语，但不能作主语。 e.g. The man in the photo in myself. 不能说：Myself is in the photo. 照片里的男人是我自己。,辨析：oneself亲自=personally; by oneself独自=alone; (for oneself独立=without being helped.) e.g. You should go to see him yourself.（亲自去见） You should go to see him by yourself.（独自一人去见） between ourselves= between you and me 咱俩私下说（不可告诉别人），常作表语； among ourselves 我们之间，常作状语 e