高中英语Unit5ThepowerofnatureSection2LearningaboutLanguage课件新人教版选修6.ppt

1、Unit 5,Section Learning about Language,自 主 预 习,.单词速记 1_(n.)候选人；候补者 2_(n.)平房；小屋 3_(n.)台风 4_(n.)雷暴 5_(adj.)贵重的；珍贵的_(adv.)昂贵地；仔细地 6_(n.)小说家_(n.)小说， 长篇故事 7_(n.)雾 8_(n.)文件；证件,candidate,bungalow,typhoon,thunderstorm,precious,preciously,novelist,novel,fog,document,9_(n.)彩虹 10_(adj.)不舒服的；不舒适的_(反义词) 11_(n.)阳

2、台 12_(adj.)失去知觉的；未察觉的_(反义词) 13_(vt.)射中；射伤_(n.)射击；枪炮声,rainbow,uncomfortable,comfortable,balcony,unconscious,conscious,shoot,shot,.短语互译 1be unconscious of_ 2shoot at_ 3find out_,未意识到 朝射击 查明，弄明白，搞清楚,.语法感悟 1We dont allow _(smoke) here. Especially we dont allow students _(smoke) here. 2The window is dirt

3、y and wants _(clean) 3_(give) her opinion about the new building，she left the meeting. 4_(criticize) by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. 5The gentleman _(stand) over there is our principal.,smoking,to smoke,cleaning/to be cleaned,Having given,Having been criticized,standing,合 作 探 究,The peacock

4、is a precious bird in the subtropical zone. 孔雀是亚热带的珍禽。 Dont waste precious time talking to him. Hes not worth it. 别浪费宝贵的时间跟他交谈，他不值得。,重 点 词 汇,1precious adj.贵重的；珍贵的,(1)preciously adv.昂贵的 preciousness n珍贵 (2)同义词：expensive adj.昂贵的,precious, valuable & priceless,Clean water is precious in that part of th

5、e world. 在世界的那个地方，洁净的水是宝贵的东西。 He made many valuable discoveries in science. 他有很多有价值的科学发现。 Human life is priceless. 人的生命是无价的。,Gold actually is not the most precious metal in the world.,He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour. 他伤着了头部，一个小时没有知觉。 That is an unconscious need to be loved. 那是一种

6、无意识的对爱的需求。,2unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的；无意识的,(1)be unconscious of sth./doing sth.未意识到(做)某事 (2)unconsciously adv.无意识地，不知不觉地 (3)conscious adj.神志清醒的，意识到的，自觉的，有意识的 be conscious of意识到 (4)consciously adv.有意识地，自觉地,She unconsciously moved back a pace or two. 她无意识地向后退了一两步。 He was conscious of being watched. 他

7、意识到被人监视。 He is consciously trying to overcome his weakness. 他有意识地在克服自己的缺点。,unconsciously came,consciously remember,was unconscious of,are conscious,I feel uncomfortable after I have eaten too much. 我吃得太多了，感到不舒服。 I couldnt sleep well because the bed is uncomfortable. 因为床不舒服，我没睡好。 There was an uncomfo

8、rtable silence. 有一种令人不安的寂静。,3uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不舒适的；不自在的,comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的 comfort v安慰；抚慰；宽慰 uncomfortably adv.不舒适地；不舒服地,Uncomfortable,comfortable,uncomfortably,comforts,A man was shot in the leg. 一个人被射伤了腿部。 He shot at the bird, but missed it. 他对着鸟开枪，但没射中。,4shoot v射击；射中,(1)shoot at向射击 sho

9、ot out抛出；射出；猛地伸出；抽出 shoot up射出；喷出；迅速成长；急升 (2)shot nC射击；枪炮声 Someone took a shot at the wolf. 有人朝那匹狼开枪。 We heard some shots in the distance. 我们听见远处有几声枪响。 The striker had/took a shot at goal. 前锋射门。,He fired and shoot the enemy. 他开了枪并且射中了敌人。 The new soldier shot at the target, but missed it again. 新兵瞄准靶

10、子射击，但又没有射中。,shot a deer,shot at,being shot,句中take. by surprise的意思是“使吃惊”，另外还可作“突然袭击”解。如： The heavy rain took us all by surprise. 这场大雨使我们大家猝不及防。 We were taken by surprise while sleeping. 我们在睡梦中遭到突袭。,经 典 句 式,1The eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD took the people of Pompeii by surprise. 公元79年维苏威火山的爆发令

11、庞培城的人们大吃一惊。,(1)in/with surprise 吃惊地 He opened his eyes wide in surprise. 他吃惊地睁大了眼睛。 (2)to ones surpriseto the surprise of sb. 使某人吃惊的是 Much to my surprise, she failed in the examination. 使我非常吃惊的是，她考试没及格。,Taken by surprise,only to see.为动词不定式，在句中作结果状语；lying unconscious是现在分词作see的宾语补足语；surrounded by her

12、guests为过去分词作伴随状语。,2I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests. 我冲到楼下，却意外地发现我的女主人不省人事地躺在地板上，她的客人们围着她。,Abruptly she sat down, only to be scooped up by her laughing，shouting sister，Luna. 突然间她坐了下去，但没想到被她那又笑又叫的妹妹卢娜一把搂了起来。 On average，there are 800 t

13、ornadoes in the US each year，causing about 80 deaths and 1,500 injuries. 平均来说，美国每年发生800次龙卷风，造成大约80人死亡、1,500人受伤。,only to do/only doing only后接动词不定式和现在分词都被用作结果状语。,用恰当形式填空 (1)Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only _ (find)it didnt fit. 解析：句意：她忧心忡忡地从袋子里取出那条连衣裙试穿了一下，结果发现它并不合身

14、。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。根据语境可知，此处考查“only动词不定式”表示出乎意料的结果。,to find,(2)The news reporters hurried to the airport，only_ (inform)that the film stars had left. 解析：句意：新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，结果却被告知电影明星们已经离开了。考查非谓语动词。此处表示一种出乎意料的结果，应用only to do结构作结果状语。inform与the news reporters存在被动关系，故填to be informed。,to be informed,单 元 语 法,一、v.ing

15、形式的定义与分类 动词的ing形式是一种非谓语动词。它仍保有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成短语。 动词的ing形式包括动名词与现在分词，也可统称为v.ing形式。动名词在句中用作主语，宾语，表语，定语；而现在分词在句中用作表语、定语、状语与宾语补足语。,动词ing形式,二、动名词的基本用法 1动名词作主语 动名词可用作句子的主语。动名词在句中的位置通常有两种，一种位于句首，另一种是用it作形式主语，而将动名词短语移至句末。 Its no good sending him over. 派他去没用。 Smoking does harm to your health. 吸烟对你的健康

16、有害。,2动名词作宾语 动名词可用作某些动词、动词短语及介词的宾语。 Your shoes need repairing. 你的鞋该补了。 The boy admitted stealing the money. 这个孩子承认偷了这笔钱。,(1)常用动名词作宾语的动词及动词短语，我们可以用口诀归纳如下： 考虑建议盼原谅(consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon) 承认推迟没得想(admit，delay/put off，fancy) 避免错过继续练(avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practise) 否认完成停能赏

17、(deny，finish，quit，enjoy/appreciate) 不禁介意准逃亡(cant help，mind，allow/permit，escape) 不准冒险凭想像(forbid，risk，imagine),(2)need，want，require，be worthdoing表示被动意义 The house need repairing. 房子需修理了。 The Great Wall is worth visiting. 长城值得参观。,3动名词作表语 Her job is cleaning the window. 她的工作是擦窗子。 4动名词作定语(表用途) There is so

18、me drinking water here. 这儿有一些饮用水。,三、现在分词 现在分词可在句中作表语、定语、状语与补足语，本单元只讲现在分词作状语。 现在分词/动词ing形式作状语时，表示的动作或状态与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎是同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词表示的动作或状态发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。动词ing形式作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果等，多用逗号同句子其他成分隔开。并且可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。,1现在分词(v.ing)的基本形式,Hearing the news, they immediately set off. 听到这个消息，

19、他们立即出发了。 Having written a letter, I listened to music for a while. 写完信后，我听了一会儿音乐。 Having been held back by the traffic jam, she couldnt get there on time. 她被交通阻塞耽搁了，无法准时到达那里。,2现在分词作状语的基本用法 (1)作时间状语。强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，动词ing形式之前可用连词while或when等。如 Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. When she was wa

20、lking in the park, she saw an old friend. 在公园散步时，她看到一个老朋友。 While playing the piano, she got very excited. While she was playing the piano, she got very excited. 弹钢琴时(过程中)，她变得十分激动。,Having finished their homework, they all went out to play. After they had finished their homework, they all went out to

21、play. 完成作业后，他们都出去玩了。,(2)作原因状语。相当于原因状语从句。如： Not recognizing the voice, he refused to give the person his address. As he didnt recognize the voice，he refused to give the person his address. 因为没听出那个人是谁，他拒绝把自己的地址给他。 Being so angry，he couldnt go to sleep. As he was so angry，he couldnt go to sleep. 因为太生气了

22、，他睡不着。,(3)作让步状语。相当于一个让步状语从句。有时动词ing形式前可带有连词although，even if，even though等。如： Although working hard from morning till night, he didnt get enough food. Although he worked from morning till night，he didnt get enough food. 虽然他从早到晚拼命干，但挣的还是不够吃。 Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mista

23、ke. Though he had been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. 尽管被告知许多次了，他仍然犯同样的错误。,(4)作结果状语。作结果状语时，通常放在句末，用逗号与前面的部分隔开；有时为了突出结果，其前可带thus。如： She was so angry that she threw the plates on the floor, breaking them into pieces. 她是如此生气以致于把盘子扔在地上，摔得粉碎。 The bus was held up by the snowstorm, th

24、us causing the delay. 公共汽车被风雪所阻，因而耽搁了。 (5)作条件状语。作条件状语时，相当于if引导的条件状语从句。如： Taking(If you take)the path that leads out of the town，you will come to a dense wood. 如果你沿着通向郊外的小道前进，就会走到一片密林处。,(6)表示方式或伴随情况。这种用法可以用并列复合句或两个简单句代替。如： They came into the classroom singing and laughing.They sang and laughed，and ca

25、me into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进了教室。 He stood leaning against the wall.He stood and leaned against the wall. 他靠墙站着。,3现在分词作状语的注意事项 (1)主语一致 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语要与句子的主语保持一致，否则就要在分词前加上其自身的逻辑主语构成分词的独立结构。 Mary coming back, they discussed that together. 玛丽回来后，他们一起讨论了那件事。 Weather permitting, we shall go there o

26、n foot. 天气允许的话，我们就步行去那儿。,分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，但不构成语法错误的常见分词(短语)：副词(frankly/generally.)speaking, judging from, talking of, considering等。,(2)否定形式 现在分词的否定形式是“not现在分词”。 Not knowing how to do it，he had to ask for help. 因为不知道该怎样做，他不得不寻求帮助。 Not having received any reply，he decided to write another letter. 由于没收

27、到任何答复，他决定再写一封信。,高 考 链 接,1(2017北京，30改编)The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ (range)from butterflies to elephants. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故填ranging。 2(2017江苏21改编)Many Chinese brands, _ (develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing ne

28、w challenges from the modern market. 解析：考查非谓语动词。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故填having developed。,ranging,having developed,3(2017天津14改编)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _(allow) more patients to be treated. 解析：句意：近期这个医院得到了新的医疗设备，更多的病人能够得到治疗。前句这个医院得到了新的医疗设备和后面更多的病人能够得到治疗之间是必然的因果关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。equipm