chpt6-cognition.ppt

1、Chapter six language and cognition，1 .what is cognition？mental process or faculty of knowing、including awareness、perception、reasoning、and judgment。个人心理过程或知识能力，包括意识，three approaches The formal approach 3360 structural patterns，including The study of morphological，syntactic，andrace model : pre-lexical

2、 route : computes phonological information from the acoustic signal lexical route 3360 the phot Associated wiindowfactors involved in word recognition 3360 frequency effect : the ease with which a word is accessed due to its more frequent usage is，spoken words are spreadout in time，Spoken word recog

3、nition is generally considered a sequential process。with many printed words，The eyes take in all of The letters during a single fixation . The connection ist models of reading maintain that all phones，lexical ambiguity，all the meanings related to the word are accessed . only one meaning is accessed

4、initiation中的friend drove me to the bank . afaction.the clerk(entering): are you engaged Augustus : what business is that of yours？However，if you will take the trouble to read the society papers for this week，you will see that I am engaged to the honourable Lucy pop ham，you will see that I am engaged

5、 to the honourable Lucy pop ham.the clerk : that isnt what I mean . can you see a female？Augustus : of course，I can see a female as easily as a male . do you suppose I am blind？(George Bernard shaw : Augustus does his bit)、comprehension of sentences、Serial models串行模式3360 the sentence comprehension s

6、ystems，Parallel models并行模式： emphasize that the comprehension system is sensitive to a vast range of information，including grammatical，ll理解系统强调了对语法、词汇、上下文信息、说话者、写作等多种信息的敏感，Describe how the processor uses all relevant information to quickly evaluate the full range of possible innge并行模式说明了处理器如何使用所有相关信息

7、快速评价一个句子，在读者理解句子的过程中，语法知识和正典知识被普遍接受。comprehension Of written and spoken language can be difficult because it is not always easy to identify the constituents(phrases)，structural factors in comprehension，Minimal attachment最低分配原则3360 the简化“structurally simpler”结构-structural simplicity guide，garden path

8、 sentences，The horse raced past The barn fell . The man who hunts ducks out on weekends . The cotton clothing is usually made of growsSyntactic ambiguity，different possible ways in which words can be fit into phrases . ambiguous category of some of the words in the sentence Johntell me if you have time，My brother wasnt reading all the time . the chairman appointed Mr . brown an assistant . the scholar wrote long thesis and论据受到命题之间的相互证明方式和文本中显示的语言组织形式的指导。Comprehensi