8BUnit1现在完成时态语法课件.ppt

1、现在完成时,rammar,现在完成时的构成,助动词have (has）+ 过去分词,过去分词的构成,上一页,下一页,ABB,AAA,ABC,主菜单,现在完成时的主要用法,一.表示过去发生或已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果。,上一页,下一页,He has just turned off the light. (他刚把灯关了。) 相当于：He turned off the light just now. The light isnt on now. 即关灯这一动作对现在造成的结果和影响：现在灯不亮了。,I have already finished my homework. (我已经完成了家

2、庭作业。),主菜单,二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延 续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。,上一页,下一页,I want to see how much the place has changed since I saw it last. 我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。,I have learnt English for more than ten years. 我已经学了10多年的英语。,现在完成时的主要用法,三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.,上一页,下一页,Have you ever been to the Summer Palace? (你曾去过

3、颐和园吗?),I have never had a car. (我从未有过汽车。),现在完成时的主要用法,现在完成时的时间状语,常与不确定的时间状语连用，如:already, so far, for the last few weeks等,表示“到目前为止”所发生的动作. 还可以和包括现在never, ever, just, yet, before, up to 在内(到说话时仍未结束)的,表示一段时间的状语连用，如:now, today, this morning (afternoon, evening, week, month, year), these days, since, for

4、a long time等.,上一页,下一页,现在完成时的知识点检查,1、He_ （write）the sentence . 2、 _you_(修理)your bike yet? 3、Computers_(come)into use _(近来). 4、_you_ _ _ (看展览) recently?No.Is it about changes in Beijing over the past_(世纪)? 5、He_ _ _ _(忘记标题),hasnt he?,上一页,下一页,has written,Have,repaired,have come,recently,Have,seen any e

5、xhibitions,century,has forgotten the title,一、since短语或从句表示过去的动 作延续至今，since之后的时间为一点（过去的时间点）。 Mr. Smith has worked here since 1984. （1984年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。） Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college. （他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。）,上一页,下一页,since,二、for短语表示动作延续多长时 间，for的宾语为时间段。 （two weeks/six mon

6、ths/five days） We have known each other for twenty years. （我们认识有二十年了。） I havent seen her for a long time. （我好久没有见到她了。）,上一页,下一页,用 for or since填空再互改,1. We have lived here _ 1990. 2. How long have you studied here ? _ 5 years . 3. The boy has had a bad cold _ last night . 4. Mr. Huang has kept the book

7、s _ a week ago . 5.I have taught in the school _ I came here two years ago. 6.We have been friends _ a long time .,since,For,since,since,since,for,just, recently是完成时的时间状语，just now 有a moment ago 之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。 The train has just arrived. （火车刚到。） Did you see Joan just now? （你刚才看到琼了吗？） Have you heard

8、from your family lately/recently? （你最近收到家人的来信了吗？）,上一页,下一页,just, recently是完成时的时间状语，just now 有a moment ago 之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。 I_(lose)my pen just now. I_ just _(lose)my pen . （我刚才丢了钢笔） She_ just _(buy) a book. She_ (buy) a book just now. （她刚才买了本书）,上一页,下一页,lost,have,lost,has,bought,bought,七、ever和never也是现在

9、完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是“从来没有”，表示全部否定。 “Have you ever seen the film?” “No. I have never seen it.” （“你曾经看过这部影片吗？” “没有， 从来没看过。”） Nobody in our class has ever been there. （我们班没有人去过那。）,上一页,下一页,八、already和yet常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。yet在否定句中有“还”之意。 “Has the bus left yet”? “Yes.

10、It has already left.” (“No. It hasnt left yet.) “汽车开走了吗？” “是的，已经开走了。” “不，还没有开走。 ”,上一页,下一页,“already” 用于现在完成时的肯定句中, “yet” 用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中. 用“already” “yet”填空 He has ( ) visited many places in China. ( ) 注意 already 在句中的两种位置. The train hasnt arrived .火车（到现在）还没有到。 Has she arrived ? 她已经到了吗？Hasnt he come

11、? 她还没来吗？,already,already,yet,yet,yet,1.The boy has already gone home . （改为一般疑问句） _2. The girl has not given it to me yet. （改为肯定句）_3.They have visited the Ice Island already.（改为否定句和一般疑问句） ,句型转换,Complete their conversation using the present perfect tense of the verbs in brackets with the correct time

12、expressions. Simon: Have you_ (travel) by plane? Daniel: No, I_ ( not travel ) by plane _, but Ill fly to Sanya this summer. My parents and I will stay there for a whole week to enjoy the sun and the beach. Simon: Im sure youll enjoy the trip. By the way, did you know that my family_( own) a boat _

13、1920?,ever travelled,havent travelled,yet,has owned,since,Daniel: I cant believe your family_( own) a boat _ over 80 years! Simon: In fact, you _( see) it in the sitting room. Daniel: Oh,yes,but thats not a real boat. Its only a model! Simon: I know, but it looks like a real one. Its just smaller. D

14、aniel: I must say that its the best model I_(see ). Simon: Thank you, Daniel.,has owned,for,have already seen,have ever seen,与一般过去时的用法比较,一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。,上一页,下一页,eg：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.

15、 他已经买了一本英汉字典。 He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。,上一页,下一页, 第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典” 。,第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。,二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时（过去时间点），不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:,上一页,下一页,eg: I saw the film on

16、 television yesterday .,但since(自以来)+某一过去时间点或叙述过去事情的从句时,主句总是与现在完成时连用。,eg： They have known each other since 1950 .,Since he was a child, he has lived in England.,三常与一般过去时连用的典型的 表示过去时间的状语:,上一页,下一页,yesterday(昨天),the other day (前两天),just now(刚才)，时间+ ago, last +时间 等;,eg: The plane took off ten minutes ago

17、.,We finished our task last week .,Did it.?,Has it .?,Did they.?,Have they .?,Did he.?,Has he .?,Did they.?,Have they .?,Did she.?,Has she .?,Guessing Game,Has it .?,Did it.?,in the past few years 意思是“过去几年来”，可作现在完成时的时间状语；in the past意思是“在过去”，常作一般过去时的时间状语。 Great changes have taken place in my hometown

18、 in the past few years. （过去几年来，我的家乡发生了很大的变化。） Where did you work in the past? （你过去在哪里工作？）,上一页,下一页,before泛指“以前”时，可用于现在完成时中；ago表示“现在的一段时间以前”，是一般过去时的时间状语。 Ive never been to Japan before. （我以前没去过日本。） She went to Japan a year ago. （她一年前去了日本。）,上一页,下一页,even since then与from then on (after that)都有“打那以后”之意，前者

19、是完成时的时间状语，后者常用作一般过去时的时间状语。 Shes lived here ever since then. （打那以后，她一直住在这。） I didnt hear of Jim from then on/after that. （打那以后，我就没有吉姆的消息。）,上一页,下一页,几次 很多次 自从上周五 很长时间 在历史博物馆 在过去的一个多世纪 学到很多,A few times,many times,Since last week,for a long time,at the history museum,in the past over century,Learn a lot,

20、想要和我一起去 飞到. 在那里停留一整周 享受阳光和沙滩 顺便问一下 80多年 在起居室 看起来象真的一样,Want to go with me,fly to,Stay there for a whole week,enjoy the sun and the beach,by the way,overp,用正确的时态填空,1.He _(wait) for an hour . 2.I _(finish) the work yet . 3._you _(see) him since then ? 4.I _(hear) from my brother recently 5.We _(be) the

21、re many times in the past 3years. 6.He _ (not read) the book before.,has waited,Havent finished,Have seen,have heard,have been,hasnt read,选择合适的副词填空:,1.Have you done your homework _(for just yet )? 2.I have _been to huaian .(ever never yet ) 3.He has _washed the dishes.( already ever for ) 4.He has w

22、orked there_ he left school .(already just since ),yet,never,already,since,5.Have you cleaned your room _(yet just for) 6.She has known Sam _nine years .(since for never) 7.Have you _ridden a horse ? (ever for yet ) 8.They have _arrived .(ever just yet ) 9.We have completed the work _two days ago .(

23、since for never) 10 I have seen the film _a long time.,yet,for,ever,just,since,for,翻译下列句子,1.你最近收到你爸爸的来信了吗? _you _ _your father _? 2.我已经很长时间没有去拜访我的姑姑了. I _ _my aunt _ _ _ _? 3.Simon 去过北京许多次. Simon _ _ _Beijing for _ _ ? 4.他们去过电影院了. They _ _ _ the cinema.,Have heard from,recently,havent visited for a long time,has been to,many times,have b