2012版英语高考专题辅导与训练配套课件（新课标）：222第二节

1、,1 2011新课标全国卷 Money Matters Parents should help their children understand money. 71 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.,1. The basic function of money Begin explaining the basic function of money by showing how people t

2、rade money for goods or services. It is important to show your child how money is traded for the things he wants to have. If he wants to have a toy, give him the money and let him hand the money to the cashier(收银员). 72 When your child grows a bit older and understands the basic function of money, yo

3、u can start explaining more complex ways of using money.,2. Money lessons Approach money lessons with openness and honesty. 73 If you must say no to a childs request to spend money, explain, “You have enough toy trucks for now. ”Or, if the request is for many different things, say, “You have to make

4、 a choice between this toy and that toy. ” 3. 74,Begin at the grocery store. Pick out two similar brands of a producta name-brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 75 If he chooses t

5、he cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, you may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.,A. Wise decisions B. The value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them. D. Tell your child why he canor cannothave certai

6、n things. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you. F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.,【文章大意】本文就如何让孩子理解有关金钱的概念及购物时如何让孩子做出正确的选择提出了自己的建议。,71. 【解析】选

7、G。空后面的内容提到：例如，当你的孩子对买糖果、玩具感兴趣时，你可以开始谈论钱。由此可知选G。 72. 【解析】选F。空前面的内容提到：如果孩子想要一个玩具，把钱给他并让他把钱交给收银员。由此可知此处选F。 73. 【解析】选D。空后面的内容提到：如果你不让孩子花钱，你要对他说。由此可知此处是关于告诉孩子能买什么或不能买什么, 故选D。,74. 【解析】选A。这一部分主要是关于孩子怎样做出正确的选择或决定买东西。故选A。 75. 【解析】选C。根据空前后的内容可知此处指让孩子在两个牌子产品之间做选择。故选。,2 2011北京高考 Public Speaking and Critical Thi

8、nking What is critical thinking? To a certain degree, its a matter of logic(逻辑)of being able to spot weaknesses in other peoples arguments and to avoid them in your own. It also includes related skills such as distinguishing fact from opinion and assessing the soundness of evidence.,In the broad sen

9、se, critical thinking is focused, organized thinkingthe ability to see clearly the relationships among ideas. 71 The greatest thinkers, scientists, and inventors have often taken information that was readily available and put it together differently to produce new ideas. That, too, is critical think

10、ing.,72 As the class goes on, for example, you will probably spend a good deal of time organizing your speeches. While this may seem like a purely mechanical(机械的)exercise, it is closely connected with critical thinking. If the structure of your speech is loose and confused, chances are that your thi

11、nking is also disordered and confused. If, on the other hand, the structure is clear, there is a good chance your thinking is too. Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have. 73,What is true of organization is true of many aspects of public speaking. 74 As you w

12、ork on expressing your ideas in clear, accurate language, you will improve your ability to think clearly and accurately. 75 As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.,If you take full advantage of your s

13、peech class, you will be able to develop your skills as a critical thinker in many circumstances. This is one reason public speaking has been regarded as a vital part of education since the days of ancient Greece.,A. Rather, it is an important part of shaping the ideas themselves. B. This may seem l

14、ike a lot of time, but the rewards are well worth it. C. It may also help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech. D. It has often been said that there are few new ideas in the world, only reorganized ideas.,E. If you are wondering what this has to do with your public speaking cl

15、ass, the answer is quite a lot. F. The skills you learn in your speech class can help you become a more effective thinker in a number of ways. G. As you study the role of evidence and reasoning in speechmaking, you will see how they can be used in other forms of communication as well.,【文章大意】本文主要论述“公

16、众演讲和批判性思考”两者之间的关系。,71. 【解析】选D。上句提到，从广义上来讲，批判性思考就是把思考集中并组织起来，是明确各观点之间关系的能力；下文提到，最伟大的思想家、科学家和发明家经常把有用的信息提取出来，重新组合创新出新的观点。由此可知，此处表明“世界上新的观点很少，只有重新组织起来的观点”。organize和new为关键词。 72. 【解析】选E。根据下文内容可知，本段主要举例介绍了如何上公共演讲课，故答案为E项。class为关键词。,73. 【解析】选A。上句提到“组织一次演讲不仅是组织已有观点的问题”，由此可知下句“而且，这还是形成观点自身的一个重要部分”。 74. 【解析】选

17、F。根据下文内容可知，本段主要讲了在演讲课中所学的技巧如何帮助你思考。故答案为F项。 75. 【解析】选G。由上句和下句可以得知，此处为排比句，句型结构相同；从句意上看，几个并列排比句都是在讲所学的演讲技巧对实际的帮助，由此可知答案。,3 2011辽宁高考 Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Everyone is forgetful, but as we age, we start to feel like our brains are slowing down a bitand that can be a very annoying thing. 71 R

18、ead on for some techniques worth trying. 1. 72,People who regularly made plans and looked forward to upcoming events had a 50 percent reduced chance of Alzheimers disease(早老性痴呆症)，according to a recent study. 73 Something as simple as setting a goal to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do.

19、 Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward.,2. Go for a walk. Mildly raised glucose(葡萄糖)levels can harm the area of the brain that helps you form memories and physical act

20、ivity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. 74,3. Learn something new. Take a Spanish class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play cards. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激)limits the weakening effects of ag

21、ing on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. 75 Or go dancing with your friends.,A. Focus on the future. B. This can be especially harmful to the aged. C. It should be something like learning gardening. D. S

22、o take a few minutes each day to do some reading. E. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events. F. Luckily, research shows there is a lot you can do to avoid those moments. G. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain.,【文章大意】每个人都可能健忘，但是随

23、着我们慢慢衰老，我们发现, 我们的脑子反应越来越迟缓，这非常恼人。但是最近的研究表明我们可以采取一些措施来避免这一情况。,71. 【解析】选F。根据上文“我们的脑子越来越不好用”和下文“继续读一些可以避免这一现象的措施”可知脑子反应迟缓是可以避免的，只有F项有此意。 72. 【解析】选A。根据下一句made plans and looked forward to upcoming events可知是要“着眼未来”，故选A。 73. 【解析】选E。与前一句looked forward to upcoming events转折，生活中并不是总是充满会改变人生的事件。,74. 【解析】选G。根据上文

24、作者建议多多锻炼，也就是说锻炼不仅对身体有好处，对大脑也有好处。故选G。 75. 【解析】选C。根据前一句作者建议“做一些既能学到新东西又能锻炼身体的事情”，只有gardening园艺合适，故选C。,4 2010新课标全国卷 Q instead, they are kids who tell me which toys they would like to see designed and developed.,A. Later I received 50 cents an hour. B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself. C. I e

25、nded up selling a record amount of cosmetics. D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers. E. My grandmas trust taught me how to handle responsibility. F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before. G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I c

26、ould have bought.,【文章大意】本文主要记叙了我小时候跟祖母学习卖东西，学会了有礼貌地对待客人的重要性，从而知道了成为一名优秀的销售人员所必备的素质。,71. 【解析】选B。从后一句I quickly learned the importance of treating customers politely and saying “thank you. ”可推知，作者的祖母先让作者跟着她学，然后让作者独立工作，所以作者很快学会有礼貌地对待客人的重要性。 72. 【解析】选A。前面有At first，和本项中的Later一致。 73. 【解析】选G。根据前一句的My father

27、 helped me set up a bank account. 可确定答案。,74. 【解析】选C。前文提到我对她们的问题很感兴趣并且能将此转化成她们需要的化妆品观念，故此处指的是因此我能卖出很多的化妆品。 75. 【解析】选D。上文提到a valuable lesson：想成为一个成功的销售员你需要的仅仅是成为一个倾听者。这里承接上文。,7 2009新课标全国卷 Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables.,71 Make a study time and

28、 have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time. Allow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. 72 Ideal(理想的)study times are afte

29、r dinner or right after school before dinner.,Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. 73 Youll also need to help your kids find the right place to study. After youve set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place wher

30、e they can get those creative juices flowing.,74 Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair. 75 This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answers to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help f

31、orm a bond and help make studying enjoyable.,A. Pick a place where your children can study properly. B. Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves. C. Finally, spend time with your kids when theyre studying. D. Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too. E. Instead, use

32、 TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.,F. Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort of reward. G. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to.,【文章大意】本文主要谈论如何在家里创造适合孩子学习的良好的环境。,71. 【解析】选G。根据下文关键词study time 及schedule

33、可知正确答案为G项。 72. 【解析】选。本段主要谈论的是让孩子有良好的时间观念，前文提到为孩子制定合理的时间安排，此处指的是让他们遵守时间。故选项。 73.【解析】选。根据前文的关键词television可知正确答案为E项。,74. 【解析】选。根据前文 good place及下文Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair可知答案为A项。 75. 【解析】选。根据下文This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being ther

34、e for them with the answers to any questions可知答案为C项。,8 2009辽宁高考 71 Home can be a great place for children to study. Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.,Location(位置) 72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for

35、regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep i

36、t separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.,Keeping Things in Order Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isnt using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect. 73 The workplace should be

37、personal, but not another part of the playroom., 74 Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 75 Study will be more enjoya

38、ble and effective when supported by the whole family.,A. Attitude Is Everything B. Bring Organization into Your Home C. Here are several ways to choose a location. D. Building a Good Home Learning Environment E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.,F. Setting up a space in

39、 a common area of your home can be a good idea for children. G. A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life.,【文章大意】本文主要介绍了如何在家里为孩子创造良好的学习环境。,71. 【解析】选D。主旨概述题。通读全文可知主题为探讨如何让孩子在家好好学习，从关键词Learning Environment可知答案为D项。 72. 【解析】选。细节理解题。由Location，Set up a

40、place等可知给孩子找个空间有利于学习。 73. 【解析】选。推理判断题。由Ownership is very important for self-respect可知孩子学会管理自己的空间，也对自己的人生产生影响，故选G项。,74. 【解析】选A。主旨大意题。由本段的内容可以看出家长在处理问题、分配时间等方面，为孩子树立一个良好的榜样，为孩子成功营建一个支持性环境，有利于孩子的学习和成长。 75. 【解析】选E。细节理解题。由Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, 可知答案为E项。,一、考点分类突破 考点1：文章的篇章结

41、构 (1)文章的标题 文章的标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。它的特点 是：短小精炼，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全 文；其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太小，也不能太大；精确 性要强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。解答标题类 练习时，要将其与主旨题联系起来，因此在做此类练习时，,注意文章的逻辑结构，抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工，提炼，通过对语篇结构即文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心，然后用精炼的语言加以提炼，即注意选项中的词组。,如：2011新课标全国卷中的74题 74 Begin at the grocery store. Pick o

42、ut two similar brands of a producta name-brand butter and a generic (无商标产品)，for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. 75 If he chooses the cheaper brand, allow him to make another purchase with the money saved. Later, y

43、ou may explain how the more expensive choice leaves less money for other purchases.,A. Wise decisions B. The value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them. D. Tell your child why he can-or cannot-have certain things. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you,F

44、. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. G. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.,浏览选项可知，只有、两项符合标题要求。且根据本段的主题孩子怎样做出正确的选择或决定买东西可知选A项。,(2)段落大意(主题句) 主题句通常是一段的第一句或末尾一句，偶尔在一段中间。因此在解答此类试题时，要特别注意文章的开头和结尾部分。有些段落有明显的引出细节的信息词，如：for

45、example, an example of, the most important example, first, second, then, to begin with, besides that等。 在阅读的过程中，应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置。如果无明显的信息词，要快速通读该段，然后选择一个能概括该段中心的答案。,如： 2 Like the table of contents of a book or magazine, the home page is the front door. Your site can have one or more pages, dependin

46、g on how you design it. While web pages vary greatly in their design and content, most of them use a traditional magazine layout(版面设计). At the top of the page is a banner(横幅). Next comes a greeting and a short description of the site. Pictures, text, and links to other websites follow.,A. Start simp

47、ly. B. Break it into small pieces. C. Draw a rough layout on a sheet of paper. D. Many websites are considered very interesting. E. Before you start building your site, do some planning.,F. Think of your home page as the starting point of your website. G. These days, having a web address is almost a

48、s important as a street address.,根据句子所在的位置可知，此题主要考查主题句。根据下文like. . . ，the home page. . . 及next可知，本题的正确答案为F项。,考点2: 上下文的逻辑关系(过渡性句子) 文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各 个层次、各个段落之间不管怎样错落有致，它们所表达的内 容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意 义上来看，语段的句际关系可分为并列、顺序、层递、转 折、总分、解释、因果等关系。文章语句间的组合，除了从 语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语 来把握，因为连接性词语

49、能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与,层之间的基本关系是承接关系(如so, therefore, thus, hence, accordingly, consequently, as a result等)、并列关系(如first, second, third. . . ; firstly, secondly, thirdly. . . ; first, next, then. . . ; in the first place, in the second place. . . ; for one thing, for another thing. . . ; to begin with, to co

50、nclude等)、转折关系(如however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, though, yet, in spite of, at any rate, in any case, whoever, whatever, on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, in comparison, by comparison, conversely, otherwise等)，还是层递关系(如also,further, furthermore, likewise, similarly, moreover, in addit

51、ion, whats more, too, either, neither, not. . . but. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 等)等。,如：2011新课标全国卷 Parents should help their children understand money. 71 So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.,A. Wise decisions B. T

52、he value of money C. Permit the child to choose between them. D. Tell your child why he can-or cannot-have certain things. E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.,F. Talk about how the money bought the thing after you leave the toy store. G. The best time to teach a ch

53、ild anything about money is when he shows an interest.,根据so可知上下文之间是承接关系，故选G项。,1 2011铁岭模拟 1 Such as runny noses, sore throats, nothing quite like the common cold to make you feel miserable. But experts believe that there is no link between cold weather and catching colds. 2,Internal Medicine expert,

54、Dr. Meenakshi Jain of Max Hospital says, “One reason could be that people are likely to stay indoors, so the virus can spread easily. 3 ” The common cold is a viral infection that can be caused by any of up to 250 strains of virus, the most common group of which are the rhinovirus that hit the nose.

55、,4 “They are transmitted through the nose respiratory passages, by touch, and by contact with airborne particles that are created by sneezing or coughing, ”says Dr. Jain. There is no cure for the common cold and antibiotics are of no help. However, there are some precautions which can help: 5 In thi

56、s case, you can protect your hands from getting germs.,Dont touch your eyes, nose or mouth, which can limit your chances of infection. Dont share drinking glasses or utensils with anyone as this will prevent the spread of the virus. Make sure to eat enough fruits to boost your immune system.,A. Also

57、 the virus thrives in humidity. B. Drink lots of fluids to avoid dehydration. C. They are responsible for anywhere between a third and half of all common colds. D. Get enough sleep and youll certainly feel better.,E. So why are we particularly vulnerable(脆弱的)this season? F. Wash your hands regularly

58、. G. Its winter and you have probably noticed germs are everywhere.,【文章大意】本文主要介绍了感冒的原因及预防的措施。,1. 【解析】选G。根据下文的Such as. . . 可知本句说的是一种现象，且根据there is no link between cold weather and catching colds可知选G项。 2. 【解析】选E。前文提到感冒与寒冷无关，下文又提及国际医学专家解释说其中的一个原因是故此处选E项。,3. 【解析】选A。前文提到了其中的一个原因，此句继续陈述另一个原因，故选A项。 4. 【解析】

59、选C。下句提到病菌可以通过多种方式传播，故选C项。 5. 【解析】选F。根据下文的关键词hands可知答案为F项。,2 No. 1 Will the economic climate improve this year? I dont think we will see too much improvement this year, but of course I hope so.,No. 2 How important is an MBA compared to experience? I wont say a degree isnt important. 1 When I look at potential employees, I look at what they have done in the past that I can use to help me tomorrow. No. 3 How can you ensure your job is safe with the economy so shaky?,No job is safe. Never will it be. The half-life of a