CognitiveBehavioralTherapy认知行为疗法.ppt

1、Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy,October 9, 2007,CBT view of depression,Depression is related to the way individuals perceive and think about events in their environment Contribute to a negative view of the self, the world, and the future Feelings of self-blame, failure, and hopelessness Impact mood and

2、 other behaviors People with depression have cognitive distortions in their views of themselves, the world, and the future,EVENT,THOUGHT,FEELING,BEHAVIOR,Treatment of Depressive Disorders,Psychosocial Interventions Cognitive therapy Identify, challenge, and modify negative thought processes Misattri

3、butions Negative self-monitoring Short-term focus Excessively high performance standards Failure to self-reinforce,Cognitive Distortions,All-or-nothing thinking Overgeneralization Mental filter Disqualifying the positive,Cognitive Distortions,Jumping to conclusions Mind reading The Fortune Teller er

4、ror,Cognitive Distortions,Magnification or minimization Emotional reasoning “Should” statements,Cognitive Distortions,Labeling/mislabeling Personalization,Learned Helplessness and Depression,Seligman (Seligman, 1974; 1975; 1978) Depression is described in terms of learned helplessness Depression dev

5、elops in individuals who perceive themselves as having little or no control over rewards and punishments in their environment,Learned Helplessness,Depression results from the individuals propensity to view negative events in their life as due to: their own characteristics (internal attributions) “it

6、s all my fault, Im just not good with people, thats just who I am” factors that are unlikely to change (attributions of stability) “I keep getting fired because Im dumb, so why bother trying to get another job” factors that are likely to have an influence on the individual across situations (global

7、attributions),Behavioral Views,Ferster (1974) and Lewinsohn (1974): Depression may result from a lack of sufficient positive reinforcement in the environment Lack of reinforcement can be caused by: change in residence failure to display appropriate social skills Etc.,Treatment of Depressive Disorder

8、s,Psychosocial Interventions, cont. Behavior therapy focuses on increasing pleasurable activities and events, and providing the youngster with the skills necessary to obtain more reinforcement,Components of CBT,Integration of cognitive and behavioral therapies, and has shown the most success in trea

9、ting depression in young people Cognitive restructuring Activity Planning Problem-solving training Relaxation training Autogenics Deep Breathing Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) Homework assignments,Cognitive Behavior Therapy,CBT is designed to change both negative thoughts (cognitions) and behaviors Depressed children/adolescent learn about the nature of depression and how their mood is linked to both their thoughts and actions The focus is on developing better communication, problem-solving, anger-management, relaxation, and social skills CBT (indiv