Disorders of the Endocrine System (lesson 3).ppt

1、Disorders of the Endocrine System,Anterior Pituitary Gland,Hormone: Growth Hormone Overactive Giantism (children - very tall) Acromegaly (adults - bones & skin thicken) Underactive - Dwarfism (very short),Giantism,The man holding the baby in the photo is 8 ft, 2.5 inches tall,Acromegaly,Dwarfism,Dwa

2、rfism occurs when there is short supply of GH in childhood.,Thyroid Gland,Hormone: Thyroxin Overactivity (Too much hormone) Increased metabolic rate Increased food intake but loss of weight Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease) Goitre (swollen neck, maybe bulging eyes),Goitre,Thyroid Gland,Hormone: Thyro

3、xin Underactivity (Not enough hormone) Hypothyroidism (Hashimotos disease) - Reduced metabolic rate Low food intake but gain of weight Myxoedema (when onset in adults) Cretinism (when onset in children) Can also cause a goitre,Graves Disease,Myxoedema,Puffiness (swelling) Fatigue Obesity Dry, thicke

4、ned skin Mental impairment Thin, brittle hair,Cretinism,Protuberant abdomen Short Stature Infertility Neurological impairment Constant Fatigue Obesity,Thyroid Gland,Hormone: Calcitonin Overactivity - Increased Bone Ca, decreased Blood Ca - Tetany (nerve problems leading to muscle spasms or cramps) U

5、nderactivity - Increase Blood Ca, decreased Bone Ca Osteoporosis (brittle bones) Kidney stones,Parathyroid Glands,Hormone: Parathormone (PTH) Underactivity Low Blood calcium, High Bone Ca Tetany Overactivity High Blood calcium, Low Bone Ca Osteoporosis,Pancreas,Hormone: Insulin Overactivity Low blood sugar level ( BSL) Hypoglycemia Underactivity High blood sugar level ( BSL) Hyperglycemia Diabetes,Pancreas,Hormone: Glucagon Overactivity High blood s