高考专题复习之冠词.ppt

1、专题复习：冠词 授课班级：高三（1）班 2018.3.20,冠词的种类和用法：,一、不定冠词： a/ an 1.表示“一个（位）”： a car; an old man 2.等于any, every: (泛指全体，形式为单数） A student should put learning first. 3.等于one,但语气弱于one: The second hand book cost me a dollar. 4.等于per, each： Take two pills each time, three times a day. 5.等于 some, a certain: 1) in a wa

2、y; to some extent; to an extent 2) A Mr. Lee is looking for you. 3)Their firm wants to emply a manager. 6.等于 such: He is a student to work with any minute he can spare.,二、定冠词： the 1.表达先前出现过，对话双方皆知的人、事、物。 We saw a movie last night. We like the movie so much. 2.指自然界独一无二的事物: the sun; the sky; the earth

3、; the moon 3.the+单数名词泛指全体: (P.75?) 1) Who invented the computer? 2)He can play the piano very well. 4.the+复数名词泛指全体；无冠词则之部分： They are (the) teachers who work at this school. 5.含有普通名词的专有名词；自然地貌名词: （ 例句参见p.75, 第5点。）,6.the+形容词当作名词来用: （单或复数） 1)The disabled is from a rich family. 2)The disabled are people

4、 who need help. 3)The rich are not necessarily the noble. 4)Taxing the rich is a feel-good thing that has no real impact on anything except their income, and the rich is their choice. 7.通常在形容词最高级、序数词、限定性形容词前：(有活用现象） 1)Who is the most beautiful woman in the world? 2)Jim won the second place in the 10

5、0-m dash.,Hang Zhou is a most beautiful city in China.,He didnt give up after he failed twice. He gave it _?_ third try and made it.,a,3)He is the very person our group needs. 4)Mrs. Thatcher is the only one who knows the secret. 8.the+形容词比较级，表示”两者“之中比较的那个。(这里也存在特殊用法) The taller of the two men looke

6、d sad. 9.特殊句型中：The more, the better. The harder you work, the more smart you will become.,This shirt is a bit too tight. Do you have _ smaller size?,a,三、零冠词： / 1. 物质名词、抽象名词，纯专有名词前： water; air，gold, socialism, Africa 2.名词前已有某种限定词: (my, this, that, these, those, every, each, another, some, no) 1)Look,

7、 this is my smart phone. 2)This book is mine, not hers. 3)Those students went to school by bus. 3.表示泛指的可数名词复数前: 1)Trees can help clean the air. 2)Men are general stronger than women. 3)Dogs run faster than rabbits. 4)Planes travel swifter than most trains.,4.表示“学科”和“语言”的名词前： maths; politics, English

8、, Chinese,. (这里存在特殊用法) 5.日期、月份、季节、节目等名称前(有例外） 1)I was born on Juanary 14, 1999. 2) Days are shorter and nights longer in winter. 3) Do you like to watch Chinese Poetry Competition? 6.表达“三餐饭”的名词前: (有活用) 1)I usually have breakfast before 7 a.m. 2)I had a big French breakfast last Sunday morning. 7.球类运

9、动名词前： I prefer basketball to football, because the latter requires more running.,8.日期和公交线路的特殊表达形式：(修正p.75) 1) On Day 1, we took a tour of the History Museum in the downtown area. 2) If you take Bus No.317, you can get to our school. 9.as/ though引导的倒装从句中，单数名词前： Child as he is, he knows how to run the

10、 machine. (Expensive book as it is,.) 10.词组中有无冠词，词义不同现象举例:（p.76) 1) go to church go to the/a church 2)go to school go to a/the school 3)in person= in the flesh 4)in pencil= with a pencil,冠词在高考英语考试大纲中的相关要求：,1.重点考查不定冠词和定冠词的特殊用法。 2.考查林冠词的运用。 3.将冠词的一般规律与特殊现象结合起来考查，强调冠词在具体语境中的使用。,命题规律与应试策略：,1.冠词的考查不是每年出现

11、。近6年在2009和2010年出现过两次。但冠词的活用和习惯搭配等仍是语法考查的难点，同学们必须重视。 2.掌握冠词的用法关键是把握好4组概念(1)可数名词和不可数名词；(2)具体名词和抽象名词;(3)泛着和特指；(4)类指和专指。,（接以上第2点） 具体来说， 做题时同学们首先要搞清楚相关名词是单数还是复数，是特指还是泛指。注意复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指时不用任何冠词。单数可数名词前不要忘记加冠词。 3. 适当多做一些题，见识所谓的活用现象，即特殊用法。 4.将冠词的学习于书面表达结合起来，争取在写作过程中恰当地使用冠词。,北京通州潞河中学英语教研室 王振龙,针对的冠词系列练习,Pract

12、ice makes perfect.,Practice One: 单项选择,1.Jumping out of _ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _ exciting experience. A./; theB./; anC.an; an D.the; the 2.Theres _ dictionary on _ desk by your side. A.a; theB.a; aC.the; aD.the; the 3.An accident happened at _ cross-roads a few meters away from _ ba

13、nk. A.a; aB./; aC./; theD.the; /,a,a,a,4.The warmth of _ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _ wool used. A.the; theB.the; /C./; theD./; / 5.Mr.Li will give us _ talk. _ talk will begin at 8:00. A.a; The B.the; A C./; /D.a; A 6.The sun gives us _ heat and _ light. A.the; the B.a; a C

14、.a; the D./; /,a,a,a,7.What do you need in dinner? I need _. A.a knife and a fork B.a knife and fork C.the knife and fork D.the knife and the fork 8._ Mrs.Smith is waiting for you in your office. I dont know her. A.The B.A C.One D./,a,a,9.Shes on _ Peoples Daily. A.the B.an C.a D./ 10._ Einsteins co

15、uld not pay for _ advanced education that young Albert needed. A.The; the B.A; a C.An; the D.The; an,a,a,Practice Two: 用合适的冠词填空（包括零冠词）,1.I love _ music, especially _ music played on _ violin. 2.-What do you usually do on _ Sunday? -Well, I often go window shopping. But _ next Sunday I will stay home

16、 writing my essay. And _ Sunday after next, I may go hiking with some friends. 3.We are going to _ college _ next year. _ university in Beijing is my first choice.,/,the,the,/,/,the,/,/,A,4.Wolf Warrior is _ most exciting movie I have ever seen. It is also _ most inspiring film for _ Chinese. 5.It i

17、s _ 8-hour trip. You may feel exhausted when we get there. 6.They can all speak _English. But _ Englilsh Jim speaks sounds like Australian accent.,the,a,the,an,/,the,Practice Three: 短文改错 （6 处冠词错误）,Enjoying a Reunion Dinner The New Years Eve Feast(年夜饭) is must do dinner with all family members reunit

18、ing. Chinese try very hard to make this family event, often traveling long distance. This is main reason for the huge travel stress throughout China. People from north and south China eat different foods on this special occasion, and many New Year foods are symbolic. In the northern China, tradition

19、al dish for the feast is jiaozi (dumplings). They are shaped like old Chinese ingots(元宝), symbolizing wealth. Southern Chinese eat niangao (sticky rice cake) on this special day, because niangao sounds like yearly higher, symbolizing the improvement.,Enjoying a Reunion Dinner The New Years Eve Feast is a must do dinner with all family members reuniting. Chinese try very hard to make this family event, often traveling a long distance. This is the main reason for the huge travel stress throughout China.