现在完成时复习课件.ppt

1、,现在完成时复习,Review of the Present Perfect Tense,一.现在完成时的构成： have/has + done （动词的过去分词）,注：动词过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化， 规则变化的动词过去分词与过去式是一样的，不 规则变化的动词须特殊记忆。,二.规则动词过去分词的构成,1. 一般在动词后直接加-ed,构成规则,2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词， 直接加-d,3.末尾只有一个辅音字母的 重读闭音节词，先双写这 个辅音字母，再加-ed,4.结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词， 先变“y”为“i”再加-ed,例词,look looked,watch watched

2、,live lived,hope hoped,stop stopped,plan planned,study studied,carry carried,写出下列动词的过去分词：,work like cry stay learn,use help finish cook arrive,worked,liked,cried,stayed,learned,used,helped,finished,cooked,arrived,1. AAA型 （三者一致）,cut cut cut,let let let,put put put,cost cost cost,read read read,不规则动词过

3、去分词的构成,2. ABA型 （过去分词与原形一致）,come came come,become became become,run ran run,3. ABB型 （过去分词与过去式一致）,bring brought brought,find found found,hear heard heard,keep kept kept,make made made,此外还有leave, win, tell, spend, say，meet等等。,4. ABC型 （三者不一致）,eat ate eaten,give gave given,write wrote written,see saw see

4、n,get got gotten,begin began begun,此外还有go, take, know, speak, swim等等。,5. 三个主要动词,is, am be are,was were,been,have/has,had,had,do/does,did,done,三.现在完成时的用法：,表示已完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2. 表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。,四：1） 标志词: just, yet, already, ever, never, before , until now，,四：2）标志词: （1）for +一段时间 （2）since +过去

5、点时间 since +一段时间+ago since +从句（从句用一般过去式） （3） so far, once/twice/ three times ,all ones life （4） in the past / last +一段时间 during the last/ past +一段时间,1.Have you _ been to Beijing? No _. 2.I have _ finished my work. 3.I have finished my work . 4.Have you finished your work_? 5.She has taught English _

6、10 years. 6.He has worked in the factory _one year ago.,ever,never,just/already,already,yet,for,since,标志性词：,just, yet, ever, never, already, before ,2. 表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作 或状态。,1）for +一段时间 2） since +过去点时间 since +一段时间+ago since +从句（从句用一般过去式）,e.g. We have studied in our school since 2008. We have studi

7、ed in our school since three years ago. We have studied in our school since we came here.,e.g. We have studied in our school for three years., It has been three years since we came here.( ) It is three years since we came here.( ),表示继续到现在的完成时，当主句的主语为it时, 常用下列句型表达： It is has been+ 时间段+since从句（一般过去时态）

8、,T,T,3） so far, once/twice/ three times ,all ones life,e.g. They have learnt 2000 words so far. Tom has seen the film twice. Her father has worked in the factory all his life.,4） in the past/last +一段时间 during the last/past +一段时间,e.g. 1.We have learned a lot in the past three years.,2.Great changes h

9、ave taken place in our city during the last two years,五. have / has been to have / has gone to have / has been in,曾经去过某地,到某地去了,在某地呆了多长时间,1. A: Wheres Jim, Li Lei? B: He _his school library. 2. The Greens _China for three years. 3. We _the Great Wall twice. Its very beautiful.,has gone to,have been i

10、n,have been to,翻译下列句子,她去过上海。,She has been to Shanghai .,他在上海10年了。,He has been in Shanghai for ten years,他去上海了。,He has gone to Shanghai.,六.瞬间动作不能与表示一段时间的短语连用，应改用持续性动词。,1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks. ( ) 2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( ),A B C,A B C,B kept,B been on,.常见的非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换。,

11、come leave buy join catch a cold fall asleep finish-,be in/on,be away,be a member,have,have a cold,be asleep,go out begin/start borrow die become open close- go -,be out,be on,keep,be dead,be,be open,be closed,be over,be off,1. 这辆自行车我买了两年了。 Ive _ the bike _ two years.,2. He left Nanjing two years ag

12、o. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.,3. The monkey died last month. The monkey _ _ _ . for a month.,4. Tom: Hong long _ you _? ( ) Jim: Two weeks. A.did,get ill B. have,fallen ill C. were,ill D. have,been ill,Have a try：,had for,has been away from,has been dead,D,I have bought a new dictionary.（ ） I

13、 have had a new dictionary. （ ） I have bought a new dictionary for a week. （ ） I have had a new dictionary for a week. （ ） They have been here. （ ） They have come here . （ ） They have been here for two days. （ ） They have come here for two days. （ ） He has joined the League . （ ） He has been a Leagu

14、e member. （ ） He has joined the League for two years. （ ） He has been a League member for two years. （ ） The man has been dead. （ ） The man has died . （ ） The man has been dead for several years. （ ） The man has died for several years （ ）,T,T,T,T,T,T,T,T,F,T,T,F,F,T,T,F,.肯定句：主语 have/has+过去分词其他成分。,六.

15、现在完成时态的句式：,.否定句：主语have/has+not+过去分词其他成分。,3.一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语过去分词其他成分？,4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词have/has其他成分？,肯定句：We have cleaned our classroom.,否定句：I havent cleaned our classroom .,一般疑问句：Have you cleaned your classroom?,特殊疑问句：Where have you been？,七.一般过去时与现在完成时之比较,1.对现在的的影响 : 一般过去时：动作发生在过去。单纯 叙述过 去的事情，和现在没有关系。 现

16、在完成时：过去某一动作对现在有影响，强调现在的情况。,2.标志词不同 : 一般过去时:（yesterday，last week ， the other day，in 2009， a few days ago， ） 现在完成时:（in the last years，since, yet, in the past years, eve, never，already，）,A.她感冒两天了。 B.我成为一名初中生三年了。 C.她入团一年了。,1.She caught a cold two days ago. 2.She has had a cold for two days,1.I joined th

17、e League one year ago. 2.I have been a League member for one year.,1.I became a middle school student three years ago. 2.I have been a middle school student for three years.,EXERCISE,1. He _(come) to our school last year/in 2002. 2. They _(cook) the supper already. 3. They _ (cook) the supper half a

18、n hour ago.,came,have cooked,cooked,1. Have you met Mr Li _？ . already . ago .before . a moment ago,2. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written,3.Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ . . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better,4.Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see,5. These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they gone,6