英语人教版八年级下册Ive had this bike for three.ppt

1、Unit10 Ive had this bike for three years.,New words,Yard sale庭院旧货出售 这是国外的一种风俗，也是一种独特的售货方式。人们利用周末，将家中搁置不用的物件，放在自家庭院中廉价出售，因而被称作yard sale，也可译作“家庭拍卖会”。 庭院售卖的物品种类繁多，大到家具，电器，小到玩具，衣物和鞋帽。这些物品虽多数为二手家什，但也有全新的物品，且价格合理公道， 甚至还可讨价还价。正是这种低廉， 公道的价格及买家淘宝和碰大运的心 理，使得yard sale广受欢迎，逐渐演 变成一种独特的文化现象。,toy bear 玩具熊,bread ma

2、ker面包机,scarf n. 围巾 复数为：scarves,soft toys 毛绒玩具,board games 棋类游戏,toy tiger,toy lion,toy bear,Do you have them at home? How long have you had the ? I have had for years./since years ago.,Pairwork,lamp,old books,cup,How long have you had the ? I have had for years./since years ago.,magazine,cap,vase,How

3、 long have you had the ? I have had for years./since years ago.,sweater,dress,scarf,How long have you had the ? I have had for years./since years ago.,A Yard Sale.,Jeffs family is having a yard sale. Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things.Jeff has had his bike for more than 10 years. Amy wants t

4、o keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.She can also give old things away to people in need.,A: This is a really old book./bike B: Yes, Ive had it for seven years. Ive read it three times. A: Why are you selling it? B: Because I dont read it anymore. A: How much is it? B: You ca

5、n have it for 75 cents.,1c,Practice the conversation,not anymore也可写作not . .any more, 表示“再也(不); (不)再”。相当于not any longer。 e.g. You can have it, for I dont need it anymore. The doctor told me not to play computer games any more.,2a Listen and check ( ) the things Amys family are giving away and circle

6、the things they are keeping.,book magazine toy bear toy lion toy tiger bread maker sweater dress hat scarf,2b Listen again and fill in the blanks.,1. Amy has had her favorite _ for three years. 2. Amy has had the boy _ since she was a _. 3. Amys mom has had the old bread for more than _ years. 4. Am

7、y can give away the _ and _ because they do not fit her anymore.,book,bear,baby,10,sweater,dress,Listen again and choose the correct answers.,1. Amy wants to give away the _. A. book B. magazine C. bear D. hat 2. Why does the bear has special meaning to Amy? A. Because her father bought it for her.

8、B. Because her Grandpa bought for her. C. Because her Grandma bought for her.,B,C,3. Where can Amy take these things? A. the childrens home B. the old peoples home C. the teachers home,A,2c Students A is Amys mom. Student B is Amy. Make conversations.,A: Amy, can we give away these soft toys? B: Mom

9、, I want to keep the bear. A: Why? Its so old. B: Because Ive had it since I was a baby.,Pairwork,Linda: Welcome to Sunshine Home for Children. Im Linda. Amy: Hi, Im Amy. I have some things for the kids. Ive had this magazine for a coupe of months. The stories inside may be a bit old, but theyre sti

10、ll interesting. Linda: Great! Many children here love reading. Amy: And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids. Ive had them since I was a child. Theres also a sweater and a dress.,2d Role-play the conversation.,Linda: Perfect! We always need toys and clothes. Amy: One last thing

11、 is a bread maker. My moms had it for a long time but it still works. Linda: Thanks so much!,how long, how soon, how often, how far How long 多久, 多长(时间)。对时间段提 问, 如: for+时间段；since+过去的时间点。 e.g. -How long have you worked in Beijing? -For five years.,1. - How long have you had that bike there? - I have h

12、ad it for three years.,Language points,How soon多久以后。对“in+时间段提问, 常 用于一般将来时”, 其答语常用“in+时间段”。 e.g. -How soon will Mr. Li be back? -In a week. How often 多久一次, 对频率提问, 其答语 为: once (twice/)+时间段, always, usually 等。 e.g. -How often do you exercise? -Once a day.,How far 多远，对距离提问，其答语是 表距离的内容。 e.g. -How far is

13、it from here to your school? -Three kilometers.,for其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短 语，可用于多种时态，表示动作或状态持 续时间段长短。 e.g. I have lived in this city for five years. 我在这座城市居住了5年了。 He usually sleeps for twelve hours every day. 他通常每天睡12个小时。,for与since,since其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（过 去时），也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完 成时态；还用于句型：“It is +时间段+sin

14、ce+ 一般过去时的句子”, 表示过去某个时间发生 并持续到说话时的动作或状态。 e.g. It is two years since I came to China. 自从我到中国以来已经两年了。 She has worked here for five years.=She has worked here since five years ago. 她在这儿工作5年了。,sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”。on sale意为“出售，上市”；for sale意为“待 售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。 e.g. Chickens are on sale in the market. 小鸡在

15、市场上出售。 Im sorry, its not for sale. 抱歉，它不出售。,2. Jeffs family is having a yard sale.,Its +adj. (+for sb.) to do sth.意为“（对某 人来说）做某事是的”，it 是形式主 语，真正主语是后面的动词不定式。 e.g. Its important for us to learn English well. 学好英语对于我们来说是很重要的。,3. Amy thinks its hard to sell her old things. 艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。,4. Amy wants to

16、 keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories.艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们勾起她的甜蜜回忆。,memory 作名词意为“记忆；回忆”，复数形式为memories，动词为memorize，意为“记忆，背诵”。 e.g. She has a good memory. 她记忆力好。,5. Ive had this magazine for a couple of months. 这本杂志我买了几个月了。,a couple of 表示具体的数量“两个”，指两个相同的人或物体; 表示数量不定的“少数几个”，作这种虚指的用法时，具

17、体意思往往视上下文和具体的语境而决定。 e.g. You have to wait for a couple of hours for the clothes to dry completely. 你得等上一两个小时让这些衣服完全晾干。,a bit 意为“一点儿, 稍微”, 修饰形容词 或副词, 相当于a little; a bit of +不可 数名词, a little直接加不可数名词。 e.g. There is a bit of/a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有点儿水。,6. The stories inside may be a bit old,

18、but theyre still interesting.,not a bit =not at all 意为“一点也不” not a little =very 意为“非常” e.g. She is not a bit happy. 她一点儿也不快乐。 He is not a little tired. =He is very tired. 他非常累。,check 用作及物动词, 意为“检查, 审查”; check out 意为“察看，观察”。 e.g. If you finish it, check it by yourself first. 如果你完成了，就自己先检查一下。 Check ou

19、t all the books for children. 察看一下所有的儿童书籍。 check还可用作名词，意为“支票, 账单”。,7. And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.,1. - _ have you been married? - For twenty years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon 2. If you sit in a chair _ a long time, your back may begin to hurt.

20、 A. at B. in C. on D. for,中考链接,C,D,3. - I often have hamburgers for lunch. - Youd better not. Its bad for you _ too much junk food. A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate,B,Write a conversation according to 2c.,Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.,Section A 2 3a-3c,bedroom n. 卧室,railway n. 铁路；铁道,Ne

21、w words,junior adj. 地位 (或职位、级别) 低下的 junior high school 初级中学 e.g. We could give the job to somebody junior. 我们可以把这份工作交给职位较低的人。,own v. 拥有；有 e.g. Most households now own at least one car. 大多数家庭现在至少有一辆汽车。 truthful adj. 诚实的；老实的 e.g. He was not always truthful. 他并非总是说真话。,Read the article written by a fath

22、er for a newspaper. What is his family going to sell at the yard sale?,Son: a train and railway set the toy monkey Daughter: certain toys Father: football shirts,3a,Fast reading,Read the passage and choose true (T) or false (F).,1. My daughter is 15 and my boy has already started junior high school.

23、 2. Our house really get smaller.,F,F,Careful reading,3. My son was quite sad at first. 4. My daughter felt happy to part with certain toys. 5. I want to give up my football shirts.,F,T,T,Read the article again and answer the questions.,3b,1. Why did they decide to have a yard sale? 2. What do they

24、want to do with the money from the sale?,Because the fathers children get bigger and their house seems to get smaller.,They want to give the money to a childrens home.,3. Why does the son want to keep his train and railway set? 4. How can the old toys be useful again?,Because he has owned it since h

25、is fourth birthday, and he played with it almost every week until he was about seven.,They can be sold to the people who need them.,5. Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things? What would you do with the money you raise?,Yes, I have. I would give it to the charity.,1. We ha

26、ve already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms. clear v. 清理；清除 clear out 清理；丢掉 e.g. Ill clear out that closet for you. 我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来。,Language points,2. We have decided to each sell five things that we no longer use. no longer意为“不再；不复”，有时可 用not any longer或not anymore 替换。如： He no longer li

27、ves here. (= He doesnt live here anymore/any longer.) 他不再住这儿了。,1) certain adj. 意为“某种；某事；某人”。 e.g. He decided to sell his certain books. 他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。 拓展 certain形容词，意为“确实的，无 疑的”。,3. My daughter was more understanding, although she also felt sad to part with certain toys.,常用结构：be certain to do sth. 肯定要

28、做某事 be certain of/about sth. 对某事确定、有把握 be certain of doing sth. 有把握做某事 be certain +从句 一定,e.g. He felt quite certain of success. 他对成功很有把握。 2) part with 放弃、交出， part v. 离开， 分开 e.g. Dont part with your dream. 不要放弃你的梦想。,4. As for me, I did not want to give up my football shirts, but, to be honest, I have

29、 not played for a while now. 1) as for 至于，关于 e.g. And as for us, we are fortunate. 可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。 2) to be honest意为“说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有to tell the truth “老实说，说实话”。,e.g. To be honest, she is not an honest girl. 说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。 honest为形容词， 意为“诚实的；老 实的”。反义词为dishonest“不诚实 的”。 e.g. An

30、honest man does not tell lies. 诚实的人不会说谎。,3) while n. 一段时间，一会儿 while还可用作连词，引导时间状语从句， 意为“当的时候”，while引导的时间状 语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。 e.g. They chattered away happily for a while. 他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。 He kept in touch with us while he was on vacation. 他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。,Find the words or phrases in the article which can b

31、e replaced with the ones below and write them next to the words.,lose part with kids _ truthful _ many _ some time _ even though _ quickly _ older _,children,to be honest,a lot of,although,fast,bigger,a while,3c,Exercise,1. My best friend Tom is _ honest boy. You can believe him. A. a B. an C. the D

32、. / 2. Is Mr. Smith still in Shanghai? Yes, he _ there for two months. A. has been B. has gone C. has been to D. has gone to,Exercises,Recite the article. You can use the sentences according to the keys of 3b.,Homework,Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.,Section A 3 Grammar focus 4c,1. How lo

33、ng have you had that bike over there? Ive had it for three years. 2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? Hes owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. Have you ever played football? Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.,表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续

34、到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for+时间段”、“since+过去时间点”、“since+过去时的从句”、“since+一段时间+ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。,Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时,e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years. = My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. Ivelivedheresince1990 自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreey

35、ears. 我三年没有看见他了。,含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since 把时间带。,歌诀,Shesbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。,此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的 动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)。 1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( ),句中动词的特点,2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has y

36、our brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( ),1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep,非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换,2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start be on go out be out close be

37、 closed open be open get to/arrive/reach be (in) die be dead leave be away,finish be over fall sleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends come/go/ be + 相应的介词短语,1. She _ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 2. Ten yea

38、rs has passed _ the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002. A. when B. while C. before D. since,Exercises,4a,Rewrite the sentences using for or since.,Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago. 2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.,They have been hungry for

39、 ten hours/since ten hours ago.,Jim has been in Japan for three years.,3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009. 4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago. 5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.,I have had a camera since 2009.,I have known Ann for three years/ since three years ago.,Linda h

40、as been ill since Monday.,4b,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold. 2. They _ (never own) any pets, but they _ (always want) to have a dog.,have never been,go,have neve

41、r owned,always want,3. We _ (have) a piano since last November. We _ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year. 4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.,have had,bought,havent bee

42、n,miss,5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.,has been,is,4c,Fill in the questions and ask two students. Then complete the chart.,1. Do you have a(n) _? How long have you had it? 2. Do you own a(n)_? How long have you owned it?,Unit10

43、Ive had this bike for three years.,Section B 1 1a - 2d,Talk about your hometown.,Where is your hometown? Do you like your hometown? What are some of the special places in your hometown?,Warmimg up,1a Check ( ) the places or things you can find in your town or city.,_ a museum _ a primary school _ a

44、bridge _ a zoo _ a park _ a hill _ a library _ a river,Group work,Listen and answer the questions.,1. Does Martin like Jennys hometown? 2. Does Jenny still live in her hometown? 3. What is behind the science museum? What do people do there on weekends?,1b,Yes, he does.,No, she doesnt.,A big park. Pe

45、ople go there to let their kids run around and climb the hills.,Listening,Listen again and fill in the chart about the places in Jennys hometown.,1c,old,for hundreds of years,new,since last August,old,for as long as Jenny can remember,Talk about your town/city with a partner.,A: My city is lovely. B

46、: What are some of the special places there? A: Well, theres a concert hall there. Its been around for at least 20 years.,1d,Group work,How often do you visit your hometown? What are the changes in your hometown?,Warmimg up,Answer the questions before you read. Then read the passage to find out if y

47、our answers are the same as in the passage.,2a Careful reading,1. Why do millions of Chinese leave the countryside every year? 2. How often do you think these people visit their hometowns? 3. What new buildings does the government usually build in towns and villages?,To search for work in cities,I t

48、hink they visit their home towns once or twice a year.,Large hospitals and new schools.,Find expressions in the passage that have the same meanings as these words and phrases.,1. look for _ 5. go back _ 2. consider _ 6. changes _ 3. across from _ 7. area _ 4. in ones opinion _,2b,search for,regard,o

49、pposite,according to,return,developments,place,Complete the summary with words from the passage. You may need to change the forms of the words.,Many Chinese people these days leave their _ to work in _. They usually _ to their hometown one or two times a _. Zhong Wei hasnt been back in close to thre

50、e years. He has been working in a _ factory in Wenzhou for the past 13 years.,2c,hometown,cities,return,year,crayon,Exercise,People like him are _ in how their hometowns are changing. New buildings are often built by the _. Zhong Wei thinks these changes are _ because things need to change in order

51、to become better. But he also thinks some things _ change, and his hometown is still the place that holds all his childhood _.,interested,government,good,will never,memories,Think of changes that happening in your town or city today. Which changes are generally good? Which changes could be seen as b

52、ad?,2d,Group work,search作不及物动词时，意为“搜索；搜查”。短语search for意为“搜寻，找寻”。 e.g. He is searching for his sunglasses. 他正在找他的太阳镜。,1. Nowadays, millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities.,Languge points,【拓展】 作及物动词，意为“在搜查”或“搜查”。 e.g. They searched the forest for the lost child. 他们在森

53、林里寻找那个走失的小孩。,among prep. 在三者或三者以上之间 e.g. Tom sits among the students. 汤姆坐在学生之间。 between prep. 在两者之间 e.g. Tom sits between Mary and Frank. 汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间。,among与between,2. Among these is Zhang Wei, a 46-year-old husband and father,a 46-year-old husband and father意为“一位46岁的丈夫和父亲”，相当于a husband and father

54、of 46 years old。 four-year-old是一个复合形容词，特点“一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式”。,复合形容词,e.g. Tom is a 10-year-old boy.= Tom is a boy of 10 years old. 汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。 Lily is an 8-year-old girl. 莉莉是一个8岁的女孩。,【拓展】 另一种类似的复合形容词作定语的结构是：数词+连字符+名词，或数词+名词的所有格。 e.g. a two-month holiday = a two months holiday 一个为期两个

55、月的假期。 ten-minute walk/drive/ride=ten minutes walk/drive/ride 步行/开车/骑车10分钟的路程,shame不可数名词，意为“羞耻；羞愧；惭愧”与a连用，表示“可耻的人或事；可惜（遗憾）的事”。 e.g. He felt no shame for what he had done. 他不对自己所做过的事感到羞愧。,3. Its a shame, but I just dont have the time,Its a shame (that) you cant stay for dinner. 你不能留下来吃晚饭，真遗憾。 【拓展】相关短语

56、： to ones shame 令人感到羞愧的是 feel shame at 因而感到羞愧 in shame 羞愧的 have no shame无羞耻心,regard及物动词，意为“将认为；把视为”。常用短语regardas意为“将视为；把当做”，as为介词，其后接名词或代词。,4. Many people like Zhong Wei regard with great interest how their hometowns have changed.,e.g. I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当做我最好的朋友。 We regard him as ou

57、r brother. 我们把他当成兄弟看待。,century可数名词，意为“世纪；百年”，其复数形式为centuries。 e.g. the mid-20th century 20世纪中期 eighteenth-century writer 18世纪的作家 A hundred years is a century. 一百年是一个世纪。,5. Children have learned to read and count at my old primary school since the mid-20th century.,according to意为“依照，按照”，to为介词，后接名词、代词或从句。 e.g. He divided them into three groups according to age. 他把他们按年龄分成三组。,6. According to Zhong Wei, however, some things will never change.,especially副词，意为“尤其；特别；格外”，在句中作状语，用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。形容词especial“特别的，