lesson8雅思大作文-评分标准及篇章结构.ppt

1、雅思写作,It takes time to build up an overall strategy on how to write up a good essay.,Game rules of IELTS(60mins),雅思写作包括2个部分 Task 1(150words) 20minutes 图表写作(A类) line, pie, bar, table, flow chart, map,Task 2(250words) 40 minutes 议论文写作，涉及话题： Science Education Society Life and occupation Media Environmen

2、t protection Language and culture,写作评分标准,Examiners award a band score for each of four criterion areas: 1. Task response (TR) 2. Coherence and Cohesion (CC) 3. Lexical Resource (LR) 4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA) The four criteria are equally weighted,Marking Criteria of IELTS Writing TASK

3、2,1. Task response (TR),要求考生写一篇议论文，就某一观点或现象发表看法，并对自己的看法进行支持论证。具体来讲，TR包括以下两个方面： 1) Task response refers to whether a clear viewpoint is expressed, supported and developed. 2) A good candidate will be able to assess opposing point of view as well as support his or her argument with suitable evidence.,

4、You should point out opposition arguments and counter them where you can. This will prevent your essay from appearing too one-sided. Dont worry too much if you cannot counter a particular argument. If the issue was clear, there wouldnt be a debate about it!,资深雅思考官 Mark Griffiths,真题举例,You should spen

5、d about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: Give reasons for your answer and include an relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.,Advertising will discourage us from being different individuals and make us all want to do or to look the s

6、ame. What is your opinion.,可以同意题目观点，然后找几个理由支持，但是有一些不同意这个观点，并且有他们的理由，应予以重视与探讨； 可以不同意题目观点，然后给出几个理由，但有人同意这个观点，并且有他们的理由，应进行讨论； 不能说又同意题目观点，又不同意题目观点。,2. Coherence and Cohesion (CC),Coherence，连贯性指的是需要对文章进行合理的谋篇布局、段落划分以及段落内部的信息安排，使文章内容连贯，逻辑清晰。 Cohesion，指的是考生能够恰当使用一些衔接手段（ cohesive devices），比如:first of all, s

7、econdly, on the other hand, therefore 还需要会使用一些指代手段，如it, that, these which,真题举例,You should spend about 40 minutes on this task. Write about the following topic: Give reasons for your answer and include an relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.,Would you lik

8、e to rent a house or buy one?,Sample writings,However, “every coin has two sides” when people rent a house sometimes they can not rent a house in appropriate time and if a tenant meet a bad landlord he or she can have difficulty in living in many ways. For instance, some bad landlords do not repair

9、a house so some tenants are suffered from serious problems.,On the other hand, some problems may also be encountered by people who rent residence. For example, they may have a difficult time in finding appropriate places. In addition, there are unscrupulous landlords who refuse to do the necessary r

10、epairs, thus tenants suffer from the consequences of their landlords inattentiveness.,Compare the two editions to find the better one, giving your reason.,3. Lexical Resource (LR),LR指的是考生使用词汇的准确性、广度以及是否得体，同时，考官还会检查考生所用单词的拼写和词形是否正确。,Sample writing,We are always faced with bad things. Although our liv

11、es have been made really, really easier with new things, our very fast lifestyles have also made us more and more stresed. In this essy, I will chat with you about the reasons of stress and how it can be cut out.,constantly/continuously/continually/frequently,stressful situations/hectic events/taxin

12、g experiences,absolutely easy,new technology/inventions,fast-paced,stressed,discuss/analyze,alleviated,essay,4. Grammatical Range and Accuracy (GRA),GRA指的是考生使用语法的范围和准确性，考生需要展现自己驾驭复合句的能力，使用足够的句型结构来清楚表达自己的想法的能力，考官还会检查考生正确使用时态和标点符号的能力。,Correct the mistakes,1. She want to go overseas for further study.

13、2. In 1990, he go to England. 3. Most people in the world want to be rich and happiness. 4. Tom is an ambitious man. Tom wants to go to Cambridge University. 5. In recent years, the world happened a big economic crisis. 6. There has a big house. 7. I think that a big difference between the two count

14、ries. 8. I read some books, such as 、 in my middle school. 9. There are more and more people choose to rent an apartment. 10. Nowadays increasing people are going abroad to study or live.,Task 2 题目构成,一道完整的task 2由三部分构成 Part 1 题目背景 The radio is more enjoyable and practical than television(08年12月G类) Pa

15、rt 2 题目文法 Do you agree or disagree? Part 3内容要求 Give reasons four your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience. Write at least 250 words.,文章结构,Introduction,Background information 背景信息,Thesis Statement 点题,Body 1,Body 2,Conclusion,A topic sentence,Supporting-idea

16、1,Supporting idea2,Developing sentences (facts and examples),Significance意义,Suggestion 建议/solution,Summary 归纳,Nowhere in the world has the issue of tobacco been so much debated as in our society. Nowadays, tobacco is more harmful than drug to peoples health, therefore many people think that smoking

17、is legal that is a direct and primary reason to induce this kind of problem. The above point is certainly true; this essay will outline three reasons. The main reason is that tobacco is a silent killer to smokers. Tobacco is known to be the probable cause of some 25 different diseases, and for some,

18、 such as lung cancer, bronchitis and emphysema, it is the main cause. According to a WHO report four million people die yearly from tobacco-related diseases, that is one death every eight seconds. Tobacco is significantly becoming a greater cause of death and disability than any other single cause.

19、Another reason is that more and more young people are under 18 years old who smoke cigarette have been blinded by the deceit of tobacconists. Tobacco among adolescents remains stubbornly persistent. Smoking among adolescents rose in the 1990s in several developed countries, such as China, Vietnam an

20、d Thailand. While new markets are being opened by the tobacco industry actions, old markets have not been closed. Tobacco is a global threat. Last but not the least reason is the increase in cigarette smuggling. because of tobacco smuggling, the legal retailing and distribution systems are badly affected, and faced with increased lawlessness and heavy tax losses. This behavior severely affects the economy. In conclusion, the tobacco should be consider