定语从句III限制性和非限制性定语从句.ppt

1、定语从句 (限制性和非限制性定语从句),概 念 1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。 2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不是很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句，写时往往用逗号分开。译法上译成先行词的定语“的”，通常译成主句的并列句。,1）I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我们办公室惟一被邀请的人。 （如果把从句部分去掉，整个句子的含义就变了） 2）Football, which

2、 is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 足球是一项非常有趣的运动，全世界都踢足球。 （如果把从句部分去掉，句子意思仍然清楚）,1.The man has a son who is a doctor. （只有一个儿子） 2.The man has a son, who is a doctor. （其中一个儿子当医生） How many sons does the man have?,【跟踪演练】,非限制性定语从句的引导词,关系代词有which，who, whom, whose， as；关系副 词有when, where

3、。 This is a beautiful bike, which was bought by my father as a birthday gift. 2. This is a pretty flower, whose name I dont know. 3. Last Sunday they reached Nanjing, where a conference was to be held.,1.He gave his mother a color TV set for her birthday, that pleased her a lot.2.He gave his mother

4、a color TV set for her birthday, which pleased her a lot.,【跟踪演练】 判断正误,注意：that不引导非限制性定语从句,（对）,（错）,which和as引导的非限制性定语从句的区别： 1.意义不同 He made a long speech, as we expected. 正如我们期望的，他作了一次很长的演讲。 He made a long speech, which was unexpected. 他作了一次很长的演讲，这出乎意料。 总结:as译为“正如，正像”，常在主动句中作宾语，在被动句中作主语，如as is known to

5、all；which代指前面整个句子，译为 “这”。,2.位置不同 As was reported, three people died in the accident. 正如报道的，三个人死于车祸。 All the people died in the accident, which shocked everyone. 所有的人都死于这起事故，这让每个人都很震惊。 总结:as位置灵活，可以位于句首，也可以位于句中，而which不能位于句首。,非限制性定语从句的其他形式： 有些非限制性定语从句可以由名词/数词/不定代词/比较级或最高级+of which/whom组成。例如： 1）Our clas

6、s consists of 60 students, all of whom like English. 2) I have a lot of friends, two-thirds of whom are girls. 3) Pass me the book, the cover of which is red.,1.(2012全国高考)That evening, _I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late. A. that B. which C. what D. when 【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意:

7、那天晚上我一直工作到很晚，我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况。该空引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作about的宾语,所以只能用which;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what不能引导定语从句;when可以引导非限制性定语从句,但是在从句中只作时间状语。故选B。,【高考链接】,2. (2012浙江高考)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society. A. which B. who C. where D. whom 【解析】选B。考查定语

8、从句。句意：艾伦是一个画鸟和自然的画家，由于某种原因，他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语从句，Ellen是先行词，在从句中作主语。解题时，先把插入语for some reason去掉。故选B。,3. (2012福建高考)The air quality in the city,_is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. A. that B. it C. as D. what 【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所显示的,在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。As“正如，就像”引导定语从句，先行词为a

9、ir quality。A项that不能引导非限制性定语从句，B项it不能引导定语从句，D项what不能引导定语从句。,4.（2011北京高考）Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others,_, of course, made all the others upset. who B. which C. what D. that 5. （2011陕西高考）I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, _we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. A. which B. where C. who D. that,6.（2011江苏高考） Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.