Maxwell的历史.ppt

1、2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,1,Maxwell电磁场理论的建立,三篇论文 十年工夫 特定历史 特别视角,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,2,历史回顾 十九世纪四十年代 电磁学的一些在特殊条件下的基 本定律已经相继发现 早期的电磁理论 Thomson、Helmholtz的类比研究 数学理论已趋成熟 建立电磁场理论的时机成熟,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,3,早期的电磁理论： 1819世纪的大部分时间内，超距

2、作用观点在物理学中占踞着统治地位。一些持超距作用观点的物理学家对物理学的发展作出过许多重要的贡献。 如Coulumb、Ampere、Neumann、Weber 等,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,4,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,5,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,6,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,7,Stokes,2020/8/12,Maxwe

3、ll Electromagnetic Field Theory,8,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,9,Achievements,1846, Age 14, On the description of oval curves, and those having a plurality of loci 1855-57, The Motion of Saturns Rings 1859-78, kinetic molecular theory of gases 1861, color photography 1849-70, the p

4、erception of color 1870, one of his 4 books, Theory of Heat thermodynamics 1873, Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism,The Poet,A Problem in Dynamics 19th Feb 1854 An inextensible heavy chain Lies on a smooth horizontal plane, An impulsive force is applied at A, Required the initial motion of K. Let

5、 ds be the infinitesimal link, Of which for the present weve only to think; Let T be the tension, and T + dT The same for the end that is nearest to B. Let a be put, by common convention, For the angle at M twixt OX and the tension this continues for 54 more lines,The Earliest Years,Scottish Presbyt

6、erian born in Edinburgh, Scotland At two, always asked father to“Show me how it doos.” Could recite Psalm 119 and large passages of Milton at eight. Mother died of cancer that year., copyright 1997 Sonnet Software, Inc., all rights reserved.,A man of the Word,Preferred Biblical preaching with proper

7、 hermeneutics Simple style of worship Purity in worship and doctrine -Spirit of unity -Elder of Presbyterian congregation in his home town -Sabbath keeper -Read resent commentaries as well as Owen & Edwards,James & Katherine,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,15,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electro

8、magnetic Field Theory,16,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,17,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,18,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,19,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,20,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,21,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electro

9、magnetic Field Theory,22,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,23,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,24,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,25,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,26,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,27,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electro

10、magnetic Field Theory,28,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,29,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,30,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,31,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,32,2020/8/12,Maxwell Electromagnetic Field Theory,33,“Maxwell can be justifiab

11、ly placed with Einstein and Newton in a triad of the greatest physicists known to history” “From a long view of the history of mankind seen from, say, ten thousand years from now there can be little doubt that the most significant event of the 19th century will be judged as Maxwells discovery of the

12、 laws of electrodynamics.” Richard P. Feynman “.many think that Maxwells study of the particles of Saturns rings led him directly and inevitably into the realm of kinetic theory of gases, in which so much of his life was spent. However this may be, when he crossed the bridge from Astronomy to Physics he left behind him for ever the prospect of becoming a great astronomer - but o