Learing a Language.ppt

1、Lets,start a voyage!,Paragraph 2,Group 4,The beginning of the journey is at about two thousand years ago.,In the seafaring,it meeting,contacting others.,We dont know when the journey ends.,Whats the voyage ?,Studying any language is, in fact, an endless voyage. Each of the thousands of languages cur

2、rently krntliused in the world is a complex affair. Many languages do have a standard form-particularly on paper-and this is what we learn, but they probably also have a variety of regional ri:dnl dialectsdailekt and social styles, and many are the products of the historicalhistriklmingling of other

3、 languages.,The English language is just such a hybridhaibrid . It began its career just under two thousand years ago as a form of ancient German, collided with a special kind of old French, was subjected to several waves of Latin and a flood of Greek, and since then has acquired bits and pieces of

4、every other language that its users have ever been in contact with.,Read and translate,Studying any language is, in fact, an endless voyage. Each of the thousands of languages currently used in the world is a complex affair.,其实，学习任何语言就像是一次永无止境的航行。当今世界上使用的成千上万语言中的每一种语言都是一件复杂的事情。,Many languages do hav

5、e a standard form- particularly on paper- and this is what we learn, but they probably also have a variety of regional dialects and social styles, and many are the products of the historical mingling of other languages.The English language is just such a hybrid.,许多语言确实有一种标准形式-特别是书面语-这就是我们要学习的，然而，他们也

6、可能有各种各样的地区方言和社会文体，许多是历史进程中和其他语言融合的产物。英语就是这样一种混合语言。,It began its career just under two thousand years ago as a form of ancient German, collided with a special kind of old French, was subjected to several waves of Latin and a flood of Greek, and since then has acquired bits and pieces of every other l

7、anguage that its users have ever been in contact with.,英语大约是从二千年前开始演变的。首先是一种古德语形式，与一种特殊的古法语发生了冲突，其后又吸取了一些拉丁语和希腊语。自那以后又吸收了它的使用者所接触的其他所有语言的点点滴滴。,Question 1,In this paragraph,whats the voyage?,Studying any language is, in fact, an endless voyage.,The author uses a metaphor (metfn. 暗喻，隐喻；比喻说法) here to c

8、ompare studying a language to a sea journey.,Studying a language is an endless voyage because any natural human language is a complex affair with many varieties of regional dialects, social styles and a long historical heritage(heritid n.继承物).,In what sense is the statement that studying any languag

9、e is an endless voyage true?,Each of the thousands of languages currently used in the world is a complex affair. Many languages do have a standard form-particularly on paper-and this is what we learn, but they probably also have a variety of regional dialects and social styles, and many are the prod

10、ucts of the historical mingling of other languages.,Question 2,Why does the writer say that the English language is a hybrid?,The English language has mingled with many other languages in its development. It originated from a form of ancient German, was later mixed with Old French and was influenced

11、 by many other languages such as Latin and Greek.,Question 3,It began its career just under two thousand years ago as a form of ancient German, collided with a special kind of old French, was subjected to several waves of Latin and a flood of Greek, and since then has acquired bits and pieces of eve

12、ry other language that its users have ever been in contact with.,Summarize the Paragraph 2,The author uses the English language as an example to show that every language is a complex affair, and learning a language is thus, metaphorically(adv.隐喻地；用比喻) speaking, an endless voyage.,Whats the voyage ?,

13、It began its career just under two thousand years ago as a form of ancient German.,.collide with a special kind of old French.,These words and expressions help to bring out the similarities(相似点) between language learning and a sea voyage, though they are different in nature.,in the seafaring,the beg

14、inning of the journey,Also.several waves of Latin.; flood of Greek.,Words,endless endlis:adj. 1.the large in size or amount and seeming to have no end 无止境的；无垠的；无穷无尽的；不计其数的 endless patience 无限的耐心 endless opportunities for making money无数挣钱的机会 an endless list of things to do 列不完的事情要做,eg.The possibiliti

15、es are endless. （某件事）存在着无限的可能性。 We dont have an endless supply of money,you know. 你要知道，我们没有取之不尽的资金供给。,2.continuing for a long time and seeming to have no end 永久的，不断的，无休止的；,an endless round of parties and visits 没完没了的一轮社交聚会和访问,endless love 无尽的爱；永无止境的爱,endless words千言万语；一言难尽,eg.The journey seemed endl

16、ess.旅程似乎没有尽头。 Ive had enough of their endless arguing.我听够了他们无休止的争吵。,voyage viid:,1) n. a usually long journey,especially by sea or in space （尤指）航海，航天,an around-the-world voyage 环球航行 a voyage in space 航天,The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage. 泰坦尼克号首航便沉没了。 Going to college can be a voyage of self-disc

17、ovey. 上大学可以算作自我发现之行。,2) v. to make such a journey,vi.航海；航空；航行；旅行： They spent a year voyaging around the world. 他们花了一年的时间航海周游世界。,vt.渡过，旅途经过，航行越过： to voyage all the seas of the world 在全世界的海洋中航行,mingle mil,vt.1. to combine or make one thing combine with another 使混合，使相混 ;使结合，使联合： She looked at him, love

18、 and disgust mingled on her face.,她望着他，脸上露出爱与恨交织的表情。 The colours dont mingle well. 这些颜色不宜混合。 The colour of red and blue are mingled by the boy. 红色和蓝色被这个小男孩混在了一起。 2. 罕用语合成，配制,:to mix.,vi.1.to move among people and talk to them,especially at a social event(尤指在公共场所)混合起来，相混合： The various sounds mingled

19、pleasantly. 各种不同的声音悦耳地交织在一起。 If we mingle with the crowd, we shall not be noticed. 如果我们混在人群里，就不会被注意到了。 2. 相交往；相往来： He used to train in a local park and mingle with other runners. 他过去常在地方公园里锻炼，并与其他跑步的人相交往。,hybrid haibrid,n. 1. an animal or plant that has parents of different species or varieties【遗传学】

20、杂种，杂交种 2. sth. that is the product of mixing two or more different things(不同事物的)混成物，混杂物；混合源物 3. 混血儿；受两种不同文化(或传统)熏陶的人 4. 【语言学】混合词，混种词 adj. 1. 杂种的，杂交的；杂交而生的 2. 合成的；混合(源)的，混杂而成的 3. 【物理学】(电磁波)混合的 4. 【电子学】 (电路)差动式的 (集成电路)混合式的，混合型的 5. 【语言学】(词)混合的，混种的；(组成部分)来自不同语言的,collide,klaid,vi.1. 碰撞，猛撞；互撞： His bicycle

21、 collided with a lorry. 他的自行车撞在一辆卡车上。 2. 冲突，抵触；严重对立： The government collided with Parliament （国会）over its industrial plans. 在工业计划方面政府与国会有严重分歧。 vt.使碰撞，使相撞： to collide alkali（碱） metal atoms with hydrogen（氢） atoms 使碱金属原子与氢原子相撞,：to crash together,collide with:,1) to be in conflict 2) to come into (viole

22、nt) contact with eg. The two vehicles collided with one another in the narrow street. 两种车在狭窄的街道相撞了。 If the aims of two countries collide with each other, there may be war. 如果两国的目标相冲突,就可能发生战争。,be subjected to sth. : to cause sb. / sth. to experience or undergo sth. Eg.She was repeatedly subjected to

23、torture. 她反复遭受折磨。 As a test the metal was subjected to great heat. 作为一个测试，该金属受到了巨大的热量。 be subject to sb. / sth. 1)to be obliged(adj.必须的 v.要求) to obey sb. / sth., under the authority of sb. / sth. We are subject to the law of the land. 2) to be liable to sth. Are you subject to colds? Trains are subject to delay after the heavy snowfalls. 3) to be depending on sth. as a condition The plan is subject to the directors approval.,Quiz A:Everything on earth is subjected_ the laws of nature A. to B. of C. for D. with,A,be subjected to 使服从，使隶属,bits and pieces: some minor and broken things In t