book3unit4-Grammar主语从句.ppt

1、Grammar,五个基本句型,1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student. 2、主语+不及物动词：e.g. We work. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g. Henry bought a dictionary. 4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car. 5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh. 注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。,从以上句子我们可以总结出，主语一般由人称代词、名词、动名词、不定式来充当。,See

2、ing is believing.To see is to believe.,请观察下列句子, 注意主语从句的用法。 1. That the earth travels round the sun is a well-known fact. 2. It is uncertain whether the artist can do it or not. 3. Who will act the lead in the play has not been decided yet.,主语从句学习指导,4. Where the young man has gone is not known. 5. It

3、 is not yet decided when and where the test will be given.,定义? 连接词？ it的特殊用法？,作主语用的名词性从句，因其在 复合句中作主语，又称主语从句。,主语从句,【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。 1. Light travels faster than sound is common knowledge. 2. If shes coming or not doesnt matter much.,That,that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。,Whether,if, whether都可表示

4、“是否”, 但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。,3. That the professor said is of great importance. 4. Where will the trees be planted has not been decided.,What,that引导主语从句时无词义。What the professor said表示“教授所说的”。,将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。,5. No matter who breaks the rule will be punished. 6. When

5、and where the meeting will be held still remain a question.,引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。,Whoever,主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。,remains,7. What were your problems a year ago has now become mine. 8. It was requested that everyone made a speech at the meeting.,has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。,have,在“It

6、is requested / ordered / suggested + that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should + 动词原形”，should可省略。,(should) make,1. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江 2008) A. AnyoneB. The one C. WhoeverD. Who 2. _ matters most in learning English is enough practice.(2007 全国卷) WhatB. Why C. WhereD. Which,高

7、考链接,3. _ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect. (上海 2002春) A. WhatB. That C. ThisD. Which 4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (NMET 1996) A. IfB. Whether C. ThatD. Where,5. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ ou

8、r astronauts desire to do is to walk in space. (2004上海) A. where B. what C. that D. how,解析: what 引导主语从句, 在从句中做do 的宾语,6. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海) A. as B. which C. what D. that,解析: I thought是插入语, 可以把它去掉不考虑。 what引导宾语从句, 在从句中

9、作主语。宾语从句作at的宾语。,7. _ in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your email account.（2005 上海） A. What is required B. What requires C. It is required D. It requires,解析: “It is required that ”是一个固定句式, it作形式主语, that引导的从句为真正的主语。,8. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Be

10、ijing is not known yet. 高考真题 A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That,答案是C。“2000年奥林匹克运动会是否在北京举行还不知道。”,9. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 高考真题 A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter,答案是C。“他在会上的发言使到会的每一个人都感到惊讶” what 表示“(所说的话)” ,相当于The words (that + /which) he said at the meeting,

11、10. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. 高考真题 A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who,答案是C。“谁最后离开房间应关灯。”whoever意为“无论谁”, 引导主语从句, 并在从句中作主语。若选A或B, anyone或the person 后应回who, 使其成为由who引导的定语从句, 修饰anyone 或person. 注：这些词还可引导副词性从句。,11. _ he has become a rich man is known to all in our town. 高考

12、真题 A. Because B. That C. / D. What,答案是B。“他变成了富翁, 这是我们镇上下班人人皆知的事。”根据句意, 须用that 引导的主语从句。that 在从句中不担任任何成分, 只起连接作用。,12. _ I need is more time. A. That B. What C. / D. Which,答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的时间。” 根据题意, 应选what 引志的主语从句, what在职从句中作宾语(what = the thing which).主语从句的关联词不能省略, 故排除C。which 表示“哪一个”, that 无词义, 都与句意不符,

13、故排除。,IV. 用主语从句翻译下列句子。,1. 他在找什么与你无关。 2. 他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。 3. 他是否能来仍然是个问题。 4. 他们哪一个是从监狱里逃跑的，仍然是个谜。 5. 飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。,1. 他在找什么与你无关。,IV. 用主语从句翻译下列句子。,2. 他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。,3. 他是否能来仍然是个问题。,What he is looking for is none of your business.,That he likes books of this kind is very interesting.,It remains a question whether he will be able to come.,5. 飞