高中英语语法-被动语态详解ppt课件.ppt

1、1,被动语态,Passive Voice,Warming up,2,Love To Be Loved By You 是一首旋律优美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克特伦茨（Marc Terenzi）。2005年，Marc与德国歌手莎拉寇娜（Sarah Connor）结婚时，将这首歌作为爱的礼物献给妻子。,Task 1 Fill the blank by the song,3,Baby, tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light Wh

2、en you touch me I can touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by you,love,blinded,love,loved,love,loved,Summary: 主动 or 被动？,主动,被动,That I love you more than life That Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be loved I love to be loved by you,4,5,(一) 语 态

3、 分 类,(六) 总结：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化,(四)常见的八种时态中的被动语态,(五) 含有情态动词的被动语态：,(二) 被 动 语 态 的 使 用,(三)主动语态变被动语态的方法,(一) 语 态 分 类,英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动) 汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 助动词b

4、e + 及物动词的过去分词构成。,6,被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 一般过去将来时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 过去完成时： 将来完成时： 过去将来完成时： 注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。,am / is / are + done was / were + done shall / will + be done should / would + be done am / is / are + being + done was / were + being +

5、done have / has + been + done had + been + done shall / will + have been + done should / would + have been + done,7,常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice is grown in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a t

6、eacher. We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.,8,.If he_ enough time, he will come up with an idea. A. gives B. will give C. is given D. will be given .A new film is going to _ this Sunday. A. show B. showing C. be shown D. be showing,9,summary,主动语态 S（主语）+v(动词),10,S(主语)+am/

7、is/are +过去分词(done),一般现在时(simple present)：,Task 3 Group Work,1 一般过去时： 一般将来时: 情态动词:,11,?,S+was/were +P.P. S+ will+be+ P.P. S+can/may/must/shoud + be+ P.P.,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 2. 一般过去时： (1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month. The building of a new car factory was agreed on last mon

8、th. (2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons were not easily forgotten.,12,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars will be sent abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.,13,. I

9、promise that the matter will_. (NMET) A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of 析：take care of是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为B。,14,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 4. 过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. The manager said the project would be compl

10、eted by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.,15,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 5. 现在进行时： (1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio. (2)

11、We are painting the rooms. The rooms are being painted.,16,. Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked 此题答案应为B。,17,.We cant use the bridge now, because it _. A. has been repaired B. i

12、s repairing C. is repaired D. is being repaired,18,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 6. 过去进行时： (1)The workers were mending the road. The road was being mended. (2)This time last year we were planting trees here. Trees were being planted here this time last year.,19,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 7. 现在完成时： (1)Someone has told me t

13、he sports meeting might be put off. I have been told the sports meeting might be put off. (2)He has brought his book here. His book has been brought here.,20,(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 8. 过去完成时： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets. When I got to the theatre, I found the

14、 tickets had already been sold out. (2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had considered him to be a great leader. He had been considered to be a great leader.,21,22,A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China. A. must B. must be C. has D. have .His car _ tomorrow.

15、A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired,(四） 含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. Your compositions must be handed in after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. A great many

16、 letters can be written with the computer by him.,23,Ask and answer,water every day at home my grandma,A: When are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered every day.,A: Where are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered at home.,A: Who are the flowers watered by? B: The flowers are wa

17、tered by my grandma.,A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: yes, they are.,A: When are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered every day.,A: Where are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered at home.,A: Who are the flowers watered by? B: The flowers are watere

18、d by my grandma.,A: When are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered every day.,A: Where are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered at home.,A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: yes, they are.,A: Who are the flowers watered by? B: The flowers are watered by

19、 my grandma.,A: When are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered every day.,A: Where are the flowers watered? B: The flowers are watered at home.,When Where Who,24,sweep on weekends in the kitchen my mother,When where who,25,(五)主动语态变被动语态的方法,I bought a computer last term,A computer was bought

20、 (by me) last term.,宾(受动者),主,谓,A computer was bought (by me) last term.,Task 4,26,语态转换时所注意的问题 1. 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。 We have bought a new computer. A new computer has been bought. (正确) A new computer have been bought. (错误) 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语

21、为主语时比较多。 My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday.,保留宾语,27,注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 to，如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) Th

22、e book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us.,28,3.

23、当主动句的主语是nobody, no one等含有否定意义的不定代词时，被动句中将其变为anybody, 作by的宾语，并将谓语动词变为否定的被动语态。如： Nobody can answer this question. 误：The question can be answered by nobody. 正：The question can not be answered by anybody.,29,6. 并不是所有动词都有被动语态 1) happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等不及物动词或词组无被动语态。如： 误 Grea

24、t changes have been taken place in China since 1978. 正 Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.,30,2) open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。如： 误 The door has been opened of itself. 正 The door has opened of itself.,8. 短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词 或副词。如： The SARS patients have been taken good care of.,31,9

25、. 一些特殊动词, 如borrow, finish, begin, buy, start, return, marry, open, join等 构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与 表示一段时间的状语连用。若要表达 相应的意思，则需改换动词或时态。 如：,32,My brother has had (不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years. How long has this book been bought? How long ago was this book bought?,33,10. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如： 据说It is said that 据报导It is reported that 据推测It is