名词性从句讲解(公开课).ppt

1、,名词性从句,Related Conception (相关概念),1.名词:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,The boy is li Ming.,主语,表语,Mr. Liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us English .,主语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,什么是名词性从句?,名词性从句,主语从句 ( The Subject Clause),宾语从句 ( The Object

2、Clause),表语从句 ( The Predicative Clause),同位语从句 ( The Appositive Clause),请判断出下列的句子哪部分是从句, 并判断属于哪种从句:,1. What I want to do is taking a bath. 2. The news that they won the game spread the whole school. 3. I dont think (that) he is an honest boy. 4. The fact is that he stole the car. 5. Do you know the fa

3、ct that he stole the car? 6. Do you know the man who is standing over there? 7. It is said that they won the game.,(主从),(同位语从句),(宾从),(表从),(同位语从句),(定从),(主从),She said (that) she is going to learn English. I want to know whether/if she still lives there. I dont know who all these people are. She wants

4、to know which film I like best. Please tell me where she lives. I am not interested in what he is doing. I am certain that he is at home now. I am afraid he wont come on time.,宾语从句,在句中充当及物动词, 介词或某些形容词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,宾语从句,I dont know （that） you will come here.,注意：that在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。但如果从句是并

5、列句时,第二个及以后的分句前that不可省.,We all agreed (that) it would be a mistake not to take his advise.,We all think (that) she is working hard and that she will surely go to a good college.,我不知道他来不来。 我想知道他来还是不来。 你们是在谈论着他来还是不来吗？ 他不在乎天气是否好。,I dont know whether/if he will come.,I want to know whether he will come o

6、r not.,Are you talking about whether he will come?,He doesnt care if it isnt a fine day.,注意：在宾语从句中，表示“是否”既可以用whether,也可以用if.但是，whether常与or not连用；作介词宾语只用whether; 从句是否定句时一般用if。,用合适的连接词填空,1. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go cycling yesterday afternoon.（how, why） 2. Can you tell me _ else is going to be o

7、n duty today?（who, whom） 3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if） 4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who） 5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）,why,who,that,how,how soon,宾语从句中的否定转移,我认为他不会来这里.,I think he wont come here. ( ) I dont think he will come

8、 here. ( ),注意：如果宾语从句是由think, believe, imagine, suppose等词引导的时候，要将从句中的否定形式转移到主句中去。,我认为他不会对我撒谎的. I dont think he will lie to me. 我认为我们不应该借钱给他. I dont think we should lend him money.,宾语从句中用it作形式宾语,We think it our duty that we should help others. I find it impossible that he should finish the work in two

9、 days.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用it来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。that不能省.,believe, consider, feel, find, make, think,宾语从句的时态和语序,Could you tell me if it _ tomorrow? A. rains B. is raining C. will rain D. rain 2. The teacher told his students the sun_ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rose D. risen,宾语从句中谓语用should d

10、o的情况: The general ordered that troops (should) set off at once. He suggested that we (should) all buy dictionaries. I insisted that he (should) apologize to me. 一坚持Insist 二命令order command 三建议advise propose suggest + recommend 四要求ask demand request require,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面)叫做表语从句。,我们的目的是他能认识

11、到错误。,Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.,注意：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略。,问题是它是否值得做。,The question is whether it is worth doing.,注意：表语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”,It appears that they are in need of help. It seems that he doesnt like living here. It turned out that two people had been killed in the acc

12、ident.,That house is _ the garden tools are stored. The reason I dont want to go there is _ Ive just got a new job here. That was _ they had made the mistake. Everything in the room is _ it was ten years ago. 5. What we care about is _ it will be a fine day tomorrow.,where,that,how,what,whether,问题是谁

13、能帮我学英语. 这就是她不愿意出国留学的原因. 那就是我要告诉你的.,The question is who can help me with my English.,That is why she is unwilling to study abroad.,That is what I will tell you.,在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。,他星期三来这里是肯定的。,he will come here on Wednesday is certain.,他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。,he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.,Tha

14、t,主语从句,Whether,What he said is not true. Who broke the window has not been found out. How he escaped is still a mystery. Whom she borrowed money from still puzzled him.,Exercise 1 _ she said puzzled him. _ she said such a thing puzzled him. _ we should send to take part in the party is to be discuss

15、ed. _ they dont want to drop the plan is clear. _ he finished the work in so short time remains a question. _ it is going to snow this evening is not certain.,What,Why,Whom/who,That,How,Whether,Exercise 2,_ (月球上没有生命) is known to all. _ (我在会议上说的) must be kept secret. _ (是否这件事是真的) remains a question.

16、_ (我们什么时候开会) is to be discussed.,That there is no life on the moon,What I said at the meeting,Whether it is true,When we will have the meeting,That he cant attend the party is a pity. It is a pity that he cant attend the party. How much money is needed is hard to say. It is hard to say how much mone

17、y is needed. That the moon moves around the earth is known to all. It is known to all that the moon moves around the earth.,it 做形式主语,It + be + 形容词 that从句,It is necessary that 有必要 It is important that . 重要的是 It is obvious that 很明显,It + be + -ed分词 that从句,It is believed that 人们相信 It is known to us/all

18、that . 众所周知 It has been decided that 已经决定,用it形式主语的that从句有以下四种不同的搭配：,It + be + 名词 that从句,It is common knowledge that 是常识 It is a surprise that . 令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 事实是,It + 不及物动词 that从句,It appears that 似乎 It happens that . 碰巧 It occurred to me that 我突然想起,Exercise 3,It is a wonder _ you werent i

19、njured. It is still unknown _ and _ this took place. It makes no difference to me _ he is rich or poor. It is not yet decided _ is to take her place as secretary,that,when,where,whether,who,同位语从句,在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有丰富内涵的抽象的词语后面，用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来，同位语从句都用that来作连接词，而且不能省略。也可用how, when, where等。,他给了她一个承诺，他会在两个月后回来。,He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months.,试区分以下句子,Do you know th