全科医学：样卷2

1、浙江大学20062007学年夏季学期全科医学（双语）课程期末考试试卷一、最佳选择题（在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其号码填在题中的空格内。每小题1分，共8分）（）1. Who are in an best position for helping patients to improve their health?APhysicians BGynecologistsCPaediatricians DGPs（）2. According to the SOAP format, which statement is incorrect?A“S” stands for subjectiv

2、e dataB“O” stands for the patients complaints C“A” stands for GPs assessment of the problem D“P” stands for the management plan.（）3. To record all minor problems, where is recommended to list?AHead of the problem BMiddle of the problemCEnd of the problem DA separate list（）4. Which symptom is recogni

3、zed as the most one needing medical attention?ABlood in stool BBlood in urine CChronic fatigue DPain in chest （）5. Of a thousand people in the general population over the age of sixteen, how many in the course of a month will be admitted to a hospital? ATwo hundred fifty BNineCFive DOne（）6. On the a

4、verage, how many times for a GP to see each of their patients in a year. A1-2 B3-4C5-6 D7-8（）7. How many categories can the preventive practice be divided into?A3 B4C5 D6（）8 Preventive Methods in Family Practice include:AClean water BSanitationCWaste disposal DPHE二、多项选择题（在每小题的五个备选答案中选出二至五个正确答案，并将其号码

5、填在题中的空格内。多选、错选、漏选不得分。每小题2分，共12分）（ ）1. Which can be list as the minor problems?ACough for two days BBack pain for two daysCHigh fever for two days DTired feeling for two daysERed urine for two days（ ）2. Which factors were associated with a high prevalence of symptoms?AIncreasing age BA high number of

6、 moves of domicileCUnemployment due to illnessDMarital separation or divorceEPassive as opposed to active religious affiliation（ ）3. Self care includes:ASelf-medication (OTC) BOther remedial actionsCConsultation with others DConsultation with GPsEUse folk alternative medicine（ ）4. Which should be in

7、clude the incongruous referral? AConsult with symptoms assessed by the patient as seriousBConsult with symptoms assessed by the doctor as seriousCFailure to consult with symptoms assessed by the patient himself as seriousDConsulting for symptoms assessed by the patient as minorEConsulting for sympto

8、ms assessed by the doctor as minor （ ）5. Which are measures to maintain populations health?AClean waterBFood inspectionCSanitationDWaste disposalEPollution control（ ）6. Which belongs to Alternative Medicine?AAncient medical traditionsBFolk medicineCMassageDAcupunctureEBiofeedback三、名词解释（每题3分，共15分）1.

9、OTCl Taken over-the counter medication, mainly: analgesics, cold remedies, antacids and vitamins.2. IllnessIllness（疾患） is the patients personal experience of a physical or psychological disturbance.l sensations and feelingsl disabilities and discomfortsl strength and weaknessl attitudes toward his c

10、ondition and the physicianl effect on activities and relationship3. Vocational trainingResidency trained physicians do more tests, prescribe fewer drugs, give few injections, spend more time with patients and do more counseling. More likely to have practice organized for prevention with age-sex regi

11、sters, prevention flowcharts and recall system.4. Illness behaviorIllness behavior is defined as “the ways in which given symptoms may be differentially perceived, evaluated, and acted (or not acted) upon by different kinds of persons.” The illness behavior exhibited by an individual determines whet

12、her or not he or she will enter the sick role and consult a physician. 5. Tertiary preventionTertiary prevention is the management of established disease so as to minimize disability.四、简答题（每题3分，共15分）1. How many dimensions are there in the continuity of care? l Interpersonal l Chronological l Geograp

13、hic (continuity between sites)l Interdisciplinary (continuity in meeting a variety of needs) l Informational (continuity through the medical records)2. Is family medicine universal? l The principles of family medicine are not only applicable to the affluent members of industrialized society, but als

14、o to all cultures and all social group l The poor countries and poor community require a different and more basic approach: public health and the personal, family-centered approach .3. Why GPs are in an unrivaled position for helping patients to maintain and improve their health?GPs see each of thei

15、r patients, on the average, three or four times a year. Many of these visits are for self limiting problems in healthy people. They provide, therefore, an excellent opportunity for health counseling and the early detection of disease. Because of their personal knowledge of patients and their familie

16、s, GPs may be aware of resources, both inner and outer, that are important for the maintenance or recovery of health. In secondary prevention, they can take responsibility for the whole process, from case finding through investigation to management of the problem. 四、英译中（共50分，每题5分，共50分）1. Family medi

17、cine is only one of many new disciplines that have developed in the course of medical history. New disciplines arise in a number of ways: some have developed from ancient craft skills; some have grown up around new techniques; others have been formed because some area of need. All these influences h

18、ave played their part in the recent growth of family medicine. Social changes, specialization, and a new pattern of illness have demanded a new type of physician; science has given us new insights into some old problems; and existing disciplines have tended to neglect the problems encountered in fam

19、ily practice. 2. The meaning of health has always proved to be elusive. Health and “normality” always have to be defined in terms of a particular person or group in a particular environment. The persons values must also be taken into account. Health is a value, and to some it may not be the highest

20、value. It is sometimes sacrificed in the service of others. It is sometimes squandered in the pursuit of pleasure, fame, or fortune. Value judgments also enter into physicians concepts of health, especially when they concern human behavior. In accepting unthinkingly the norms of his or her own class

21、 and culture, the physician may not even realize that a value judgment is being made. It is important, therefore, to be clear about what normal means.3. Two types of variability are found in humans, the first of which is individual variation. In a given person, physiological values vary widely from

22、minute to minute, hour to hour, day to day, week to week, and so on. These variations are manifestations of the adaptability of the organism to environmental change. Variations occur within a certain range compatible with life. Variations outside this range, if sustained, lead to pathological change

23、 and perhaps death of the organism. The other kind is variation between individuals. Physiological values vary between one individual and another. If a value is plotted in a population, the result is a distribution curve with most members of the population having values about the middle of the range

24、 and smaller numbers at the two extremes. This type of variation is partly genetic but also partly the result of adaptation of individuals to different environments.4. Let us suppose that the constancy of the background feeling is broken by a sensation of chest pain on waking one morning. At first t

25、here is a moment of anxiety; then a fall the day before, when a blow was received on that part of the chest, is remembered. This explanation is accompanied by a feeling of relief. On the other hand, no such explanation may be available. Perhaps the memory instead is of a colleague who had a severe heart attack accompanied by chest pain. The anxiety results in a visit to the doctor. The presenting complaint is probably the pain, not the anxiety. But things can be even more complicated. Even though the anxiety is not expressed in words, it may be expressed in bodily waysfacial expression, gest