高中英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela—a modern hero精品学案 新人教版必修1

1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero导读：时代不同，英雄各异。你心目中的英雄又是什么样的呢？Now, lets discuss whats a hero in your eyes? What is a hero in the eyes of common people? What makes a hero？Different people have different attitudes towards hero. When I was small, the hero in my eyes was a soldier. I worshiped them so m

2、uch, even sometimes, I dressed up as a PLA soldier, and the other playmates acted as bad guys. I fought them with a wooden gun in my hands. I was very proud when I defeated them. At that time, to be a soldier was my greatest dream and, however, the dream has never come true. When I was a teenager, t

3、he idea of a hero was gradually changing. Since I was interested in movie very much, the worship for heroes was transferredfrom PLA men to movie stars. There was a time when I was crazy for movie stars, especially Liu Dehua. I loved his posters, listened to his songs almost every day, and even dream

4、ed of seeing him one day. Unrealistic dream made me suffer a lot. I slept in class, fell behind others, and was criticized by teachers often. Times passes by, and the idea of a hero is still changing. Heroes now in my heart are those who work hard in the most common positions selflessly. They are un

5、known to the public. They are the foundational stone of the society. They make our society develop forward. I worship them, who are common but are doing something uncommon. Another idea of heroes is up to the era. Different times have different heroes. From the 50s to the 90s, we have such heroes of

6、 the era, as Lei Feng, Huang Jiguang, Dong Cunri, Jiao Yulu, Kong Fansen, and so on. They are the models of modern times, anyway. The government calls on people to learn from them and require people to follow their deeds. What I think of heroes, from the bottom of my heart,is the most common people

7、in different fields. Then, dear friends, whats your idea of a hero？ 请根据语义及提示写出单词1. We should pay more attention to the q_ as well as the quantity. 2. He is always willing to help anyone who is in t_. 3. Whatever difficulty you meet, I hope you will never lose h_. 4. The final examination is coming.

8、Our teacher a_ us to go over our lessons carefully. 5. If it c_ to rain for some days, the crops would be destroyed. 6. I am _(胜任)to becoming an English secretary, because I have a good knowledge of the English language. 7. I will _(报答) every person who has given me help. 8. Everything has its own _

9、(原则). No one can turn against it. 9. Her _(devote) to her job leaves her with very little free time. 10. Each of us is a good actor; we are performing with effort in the _(舞台)in our life. quality 2. trouble3. heart 4. advises5. continued6. equal 7. reward8. principle9. devotion 10. stage请根据语义写出短语1.

10、as a_ of fact 事实上2. _ against 与作斗争3. _ the law 犯法4. without _ 无偿地5. _ heart 灰心；泄气6. be _ in 积极参加；活跃7. be _ to do sth. 愿意做某事8. be _ from doing sth. 被阻止做某事9. be in good _ 健康状况良好 10. _ up 发脾气；爆炸 11. ask_ 索取 12. be in _ 陷入困境中 13. die _ 为而死 14. _ sb. to do sth. 建议某人干某事 15. in_ for 作为的回报 16. set _ 建立 17.

11、be _ from 免去之苦1.matter 2. fight 3. break 4. pay5. lose 6. active 7. willing 8. stopped9. health 10. blow 11. for 12. trouble13. for 14. advise 15. reward 16. up17. free 1. we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. (P34) 2. only then

12、 did we decide to answer violence with violence. (P34) 3. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. (P38) active adj. 根据语境猜词义(1) She may over 80, but she still very active. (2) She has been active in raising money for the new school building for Hope Project. (3) I cant tell whether it is an ac

13、tive volcano. 根据语义找匹配积极的B. 喜欢运动；爱好运动C. 活跃的(1) B(2) A(3)C链接act n&v. 行为，举动，行动action n. 行为，做法activity n. 活动actor/ actress n. 男/女演员activist n. 积极分子；活动家 短语be active in在方面活跃，积极参加take an active part in积极参加take action to do sth. 对采取行动用act的适当形式填空(1) He takes an _part in the fighting against pollution and tak

14、e a firm and effective _to prevent pollution. (2) We are always _in outofclass _ every day. (1) active; action(2) active; activities reward n&vt. 根据语境猜词义(1) Its a reward for virtue. (2) a reward of $900 for catching the criminal(3) It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. (

15、4) How can I reward your kindness? 根据语义找匹配A. 酬谢B. 报酬C. 酬金D. 回报(1) D(2) C(3) B(4) A短语in reward (for) in return (for) 作为(对的)报酬、报答 give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为给某人报酬、赏金reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因报答/奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. for sth./doing sth. 用报答/奖赏某人辨析reward/award/prize reward表示“奖赏，酬谢”,动词只

16、能以人或人的行为作宾语,名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。 award 作名词指正式或官方“给予，颁发，授予(奖章，奖金等)”，往往用来奖励在工作中达到一定成就的人，重在强调荣誉而不在于奖品的大小或奖金的多少，也可以指法庭裁决；作动词可以，构成 award sb. sth.句型， 表示“把某物授予/判给某人”。 prize 只能作名词，表示“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。He was awarded the first prize for “Outstanding Industrial Design”. In this months competition you could

17、 win a prize worth $3,000. 巧记： reward与award也可从结构上区分： reward sb. for sth. award sb. sth. 单项填空()(1) His movie won several _ at the film festival, which was beyond his wildest dream. A. rewards B. awards C. prizes D. gainsB考查名词语义辨析。根据语境，它注重的是对工作成就上的奖励，所以答案是B。()(2) We will offer a(n)_ of ten thousand do

18、llars for information about the case. A. award B. prize C. reward D. praiseC考查名词语义辨析。根据语境，它侧重对做某事的奖赏，所以答案是C。 () (3) The girl got nothing in_for her kindness, which made her very sad. A. prize B. award C. medals D. rewardD考查名词语义辨析和搭配。按照句意应该是做好事的报答，in reward for 为报答。 equal adj. 根据语境猜词义(1) Are you equa

19、l to (doing) the task? (2) Yao Ming is a basketball player without equal in China. (3) None of us can equal her in diligence. (4) All people are born equal. 根据语义找匹配A比得上B同等/相等的人或物C胜任D. 平等的 (1) C(2) B(3) A(4) D 短语be equal to 与相等be equal with 与平等be equal to sth./ doing sth. 胜任某事/ 做某事句型A equals B. A等于B。

20、be without equal/have no equal 无与伦比 根据语境用equal的恰当形式填空 _ pay for _ work. Thats our rule. If we cant treat every client _， we will break the _ in our company. Equal; equal; equally; equality be fit 与be equal都有“适合于”的意思，它们的区别是什么？ 从下面例子中对比感悟： He is welleducated, so he is fit for the job. He is welleducat

21、ed, so he is fit to do the job. He is welleducated, so he is equal to the job. He is welleducated, so he is equal to doing the job. 它们句式搭配不一样：be fit for n. / to do sth.be equal to n. / doing sth. escape vi.根据语境猜词义 (1) They managed to escape from the enemy soldiers and flee to Switzerland. (2) The ba

22、ck seat passengers escaped death by inches. (3) Ive met him before, but his name escaped me. 根据语义找匹配逃脱B. 避开C. 记不起来 (1) A(2) B(3)C短语escape from 从逃脱；逃避escape death 死里逃生escape ones notice 没注意narrow escape 九死一生句型There is no escaping the fact that不可否认的是单项填空( )Mike often attempted to escape_whenever he br

23、eaks traffic regulations. A. having been fined B. to have been fined C. to be fined D. being finedD考查非谓语动词。escape后只接动名词。又由于非谓语动词的动作并不发生在escape之前，所以答案是D。 advise v. (1) I have advised you on that subject. 在那个问题上，我给过你建议。 (2) Christie advises us to practise oral English as often as possible. Christie建议我

24、们要尽可能多地练口语。 (3) I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isnt ripe. 我建议你不要吃那些没有熟的水果。链接adviser n. 顾问；咨询师advice n. 建议；意见advisable adj. 可取的；明智的advisedly adj. 深思熟虑地短语a piece of advice 一条建议go to sb. for advice ask sb. for advice 向某人寻求建议；征询某人的意见give advice to sb. on sth. 就对某人提供建议follow sb.s advice ta

25、ke sb.s advice 接受某人的建议advise sb. on sth. 就给某人出主意 advise n. /pron. 建议advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干 advise (ones) doing sth. 建议(某人)干advise (that) sb. (should) doadvise sb. of 把报告(通知)某人单项填空()(1) The teachers often _ us making full use of time to study English. A. persuade B. advise C. suggest D. recommen

26、d C考查动词搭配。由于动词后使用了sb. doing sth.。唯suggest有此句型搭配，所以答案是C。根据语境用可与advice搭配的正确的动词填空 (2)Wed better_ the students for some good advice on teaching. Since they have_ so much good advice, we must _it. ask; given; follow lose heart 丧失勇气或信心(1) He failed many times, but he didnt lose heart. 他失败了许多次，但他并没有失去信心。(2

27、) No matter what you do, never lose heart. 不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。短语lose ones job 失业 lose ones balance 失去平衡lose ones breath上气不接下气 lose ones heart (to sb./sth.) 爱上lose ones life 丧生； 遇害 lose face 丢脸； 受屈辱翻译句子(1) 不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。 _(2) 她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。_(1) Dont lose heart, and all will turn out well. (2) She lost h

28、er heart to a young soldier. we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. (P34) 我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。 这是一个主从复合句，in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词position。类似的名词还有situation, stage, case等。这一结构是“介词关系代词which/whom”， 在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关

29、系副词when, where和why，如：He is the boss of the restaurant where ( in which) we often have lunch. Today when ( on which) the product will be put into use will come soon. The reason why( for which) he was late for school was unbelievable. in which(1)关系代词前介词的选择 最快捷的方式是把先行词代入到从句中的状语位置，加什么介词使从句正确，我们就用什么介词。单项

30、填空()(1) Never shall I forget the day _ we worked together in the country. ()(2) Never shall I forget the days _ we worked together in the country. A. that B. as C. on which D. in whichC; D由于the day和the days都无法直接代入到从句中充当主语或宾语，我们就把它放在状语的位置，题(1)加介词on构成on the day，所以答案是C。题(2)加介词in构成in the days，所以答案是D。(2)

31、 关系词的选择 完全取决于先行词。当先行词是人时，就用whom; 当先行词是物时，就用which。单项填空( )(3) The person with_ I talked is our new teacher. ( )(4) By nine oclock，all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, above _appeared a rare rainbow soon. A. whom B. what C. that D. whichA；D考查“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。 题(1)，由于先行词

32、是人，所以答案是A；题(2)，由于先行词是the top，指物，所以答案是D。(3)“不定代词 of whom/which”与“不定代词 of them” 它们的选择有两种情况：一是看后一部分是不是句子，不是就用“不定代词 of them”构成独立主格结构。二是后一部分构成句子，这时我们就要看其前是否有连词，有，就用“不定代词 of them”；没有且是逗号，就用“不定代词 of whom/which ”。单项填空()(5) There stand many towers on the top of the hill, some of _ built more than 1,000 years

33、 ago. A. them B. what C. which D. thatA考查定语从句与独立主格结构的辨析。由于后一部分不能构成句子，所以使用独立主格结构，答案是A。()(6) (2010浙江)The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city. ()(7) The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people and many of_left their village homes

34、 for a better life in the city. A. whom B. which C. them D. thoseA；C考查定语从句与并列句的辨析。句意为：这里居住着将近1000人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。题(6)由many之后的逗号和选项特征可知，此处是主从句关系，排除C、D项。由于先行词是“1,000 people”，表示人，故用whom，所以答案是A。题(7)由于两句之间有and连接，是并列句，所以答案是C。(4) “the n. of which”或“of which the n”结构 一般说来，whose n. 都可以转化为“the n. of

35、which”或“of which the n”结构。()(8)(2008陕西)The man pulled out a gold watch, _ were made of small diamonds. A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of C. which the hands of D. the hands of whichD考查定语从句。watch是物，故定语从句的引导词不可用whom，可排除A、B两项。由句意可知，空格处可填入whose hands或the hands of which或of which the hands表示所属关系。()

36、(9)(2010江苏)The newlybuilt caf， the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. A. that B. it C. what D. which D考查定语从句。由句意可知它所表示的是“咖啡屋的墙”，构成whose walls，它可以转化为the walls of which或of which the walls，所以答案是D。 only then did we decide to answer violence w

37、ith violence. (P34) 只是在那时我们才决定以暴制暴。 only only 放在句首且后接状语(副词 / 介词短语 / 状语从句)时，要使用部分倒装，即将主句助动词、情态动词或系动词放在主语前。 Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise to him. 昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他， 这对他真是个令人吃惊的消息。 Only by shouting was he able to make people on the other side of the river hear hi

38、m. 他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。 Only when we make more effort, can we catch up with others. 只有我们加倍的努力，我们才能赶上别人。单项填空()(1) Only then_how much damage had been caused. A. she realized B. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize D“only 状语”放在句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装，再根据时间then判断主句应用一般过去时，所以用did she realize

39、。()(2) _ by keeping down cost will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies. A. Only B. Just C. Still D. YetA四个选项中，只用“only 状语”放在句首时，主句才用部分倒装。 Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. (P35) 当伊莱亚斯遇到困难的时候，他就去找纳尔逊曼德拉。 这里的be in trouble 意为“处于不幸(苦恼，困境)之中”。 “be prep. n” 是一个常用句型，名词前不

40、能用冠词。介词的选择依据：(1) 表语用来说明主语的性质，常用介词of The book you have bought to me is of great use. (2) 表语用来说明主语的用途，常用介词for The tallest building in our city is for the TV station. (3) 表语与主语形成被动关系，用介词under The expressway to Beijing is under construction. (4)也可用来表示状态或情形，这里的介词可以用 in, at或on等，此时的介词无规律可言，因此需要强记。常见的搭配有：inin pain 痛苦地 in order整齐地in anger愤怒地 in poverty在贫困中in a hurry匆忙地 in work 有工作atat peace处于和平状态 at work上班at table吃饭 at desk办公at ease轻松 onon business出差 on holiday度假on strike罢工 on duty值日短语get into trouble 陷入困境 ask for trouble 自寻烦恼make trouble 惹是生非；