初中语法复习时态综合复习讲义

1、初中语法复习 时态综合复习讲义初中语法复习-时态综合复习讲义(一)英汉两种语言在时态表达方式上的差异：英语的词类与汉语的不同。汉语词类形态稳定，比如书这个字，一本书、三本书都一样，没有词形变化。英语就不同了，book,books仅从词形上就能知道是单数还是复数。动词是英语中变化最多、最复杂的词类。有人说，学好英语就是学好动词，此言甚是。同一个动作或状态分别在不同时间发生或存在，表达这个动作或状态的动词就要用不同的形式，这就是时态。例如：在中国是个伟大的国家。和中国曾经是世界上最伟大的国家。这两句话当中，汉语的是没有变化，而是用曾经这个词来表达时间的不同。China is agreat coun

2、try.中国是个伟大的国家。China was the greatest country in the world.中国曾经是世界上最伟大的国家。在这几句中，动词be的形态变了，表示的时间变了，但意义没有变化。再如，他经常帮助我。他昨天帮助我了。和他一直在帮助我。这三句话当中，汉语的帮助没有任何变化，而是用经常、一直和昨天分别表达出时间的区别。英语就不同，它必须用动词本身的形态变化来完成任务。He often helps me.他经常帮助我。He helped me yesterday.他昨天帮助我了。He has been helping me.他一直在帮助我。在这几句中，动词help的形态

3、变了，表示的时间变了，但意义没有变化。(二)英语动词的形式：英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式：(1)动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后，或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。(2)一般现在时第三人称单数形式(简称现单三)：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。(3)过去式：主要用于一般过去时。(4)现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。(5)过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。这里提到的语法规定的其他情况我们在以后的讲座中会详细介绍。下

4、面把这些动词形式的构成说明一下。动词一般现在时第三人称单数(现单三)的构成，见下表：词尾变化(规律与名词变复数相同，读音也与名词复数相同)举例一般加-sHelp-helps；read-reads在ch,sh,s,x或元音字母o后面加-esDo,fix,pass,push,teach-does,fixes,passes,pushes,teaches以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加-esTry,study-tries,stuides与名词变复数形式相同，读音也相同。动词过去式和过去分词，大多数是动词原形+ed构成，这是规则动词。规则动词的拼写和读音规则如下表：词尾变化举例词尾读音动词后面加-e

5、dHelp-helped Work-worked Watch-watched清辅音之后读tWant-wanted need-neededt,d之后读tTurn-turned play-played元音和浊辅音(d除外)之后读d以不发音的e结尾的词，加-dLove-loved Serve-served结尾是辅音字母+y时，y变i，再加-edStudy-studied Try-tried结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写辅音字母再加-edStop-stopped Drop-dropped清辅音之后读t不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有其特殊变化形式，需要个别记忆，同时也要善于发现不规则中的规则，

6、即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。如：weepwept,sleepslept,sweepswept现在分词一律由动词原形加-ing构成，规则如下表：词尾变化举例一般加-ingLook-looking,try-trying以不发音的e结尾的词，去掉e，再加-ingWrite-writing,dance-dancing以一个辅音字母(x除外)词尾的重读闭音节词，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再加-ingBegin-beginning,swim-swimming,Run-running,sit-sitting以-ie结尾的词，变ie为y，再加-ingDie-dying,lie-lying请大家花几分钟

7、看看这几个概念：1.四种时态形式：一般、进行、完成、完成进行一般时态：强调行为本身(叙述性)进行时态：强调在进行中(生动性，相当于汉语的在，正在)完成时态：强调已经发生(重点在行为的影响、结果，相当于汉语的已经)完成进行：强调持续进行(相当于汉语的一直)2.四种时间：现在、过去、将来、过去将来。然后就像搭积木一样把它们组合起来就行了：每种时态形式配合四种时间英语动词时态表一、概况一般时进行时完成时完成进行时一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时一般过去时过去进行时过去完成时过去完成进行时一般将来时将来进行时将来完成时将来完成进行时一般过去将来时过去将来进行时过去将来完成时过去将来完成进行

8、时二、十六种时态的谓语形式一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在原形/现三单am/is/are+现分have/has+过分have/has been+现分过去过去式was/were+现分had+过分had been+现分将来shall/will+动原shall/will be+现分shall/will have+过分shall/will have been+现分过去将来should/would+动原should/would be+现分should/would have+过分should/would have been+现分一、一般现在时：概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间

9、状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,month),once aweek,etc.基本结构：be(am,is,are)动词；have(have,has)行为动词的原形或现三单否定形式：am/is/are+not；此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加dont,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首；用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。一般现在时主要由动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，另外be和have要根据人称的变化使用特殊的

10、形式。一般现在时主要表示经常性的动作或存在的状态，还可用来表示普遍真理。The Yangtze rises in Qinghai.长江发源于青海。Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于言辞。We have friends all over the world.我们的朋友遍天下。专项练习：一、单选1 Jenny _in an office.Her parents _in ahospital.A work works Bworks work Cwork are working Dis working work 2One of the boys_ ablack ha

11、t.A have Bthere is Cthere are Dhas 3We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A dont rain Bdidnt rain Cdoesnt rain Disnt rain 4He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A rose；set Brises；sets Crises,set Drise；sets 5Wang Mei _music and often _to music.A like；listen Blikes；listens Clike；are listening Dl

12、iking；listen 6Jenny_ English every evening.A has study Bstudies Cstudy Dstudied答案：1 B2D 3C 4B 5B 6B二、填空1 Ican take Li Ming there when he _(come)to visit.2 _your sister_(know)English?3Her home_ _(远离)her school.4The pot_(not look)like yours very much.5 Where _you_(have)lunch every day?6 Who_(想要)to go

13、swimming?7 _she_(do)the housework every day?8 Jenny and Danny usually_(play)games in the afternoon.答案：1 comes 2Does know 3is away from 4doesnt look 5do have 6wants 7does do 8play二、单三人称形式易出错例：1 He plaies(play)football very well.2 Danny gos(go)to school at 7：10.答案：1 plays 2goes解析：1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才

14、能把y换成i再加es；2与名词变复数不同，变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.三、在句式变换时易出错例：1 Does Jenny has(has)a good friend?2 Brian doesnt lives(not live)in China.答案：1 Does have 2doesnt live解析：单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时，可记住如下口诀：见助动，用原形。此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g.He didnt go home yesterday.四、对do的理解易出错例：We dont(not do)our homework in the afternoon.答案

15、：dont do解析：do是一个比较难理解的词，它有三个含义：a)是所有行为动词的总称；b)是助动词，无实义；c)是一个具体的行为动词做，干。此句中给出的do指做，干，not指把此句变为否定句，故须在do前加助动词dont。五、对主语的数判断有误例：Li Ming with me are(be)in Beijing.答案：is解析：表面一看是我和李明两个人在北京，但with在此做伴随状语，不能做主语，故用is.另外，宾语从句中，从句部分若是表示客观真理，不管主句是何时态，从句都要用一般现在时；在时间和条件状语从句中，主句表将来，从句要用一般现在时。二、一般过去时：概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作

16、或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语：ago,yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week(year,night,month),in 1989,just now,at the age of 5,one day,long long ago,once upon atime,etc.基本结构：be(was,were)动词；行为动词的过去式否定形式：was/were+not；在行为动词前加didnt，同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式did提问，同时还原行为动词。一般过去时由动词过去式表示，动词be根据人

17、称有was和were两个词形，规则动词在词尾加-d-或ed；其他动词参阅不规则动词变化表,该时态主要表示过去某时发生的动作或情况。Its apity that you did not go to the movie.很遗憾你没有去看那部电影。Many people died in the tsunami that took place in Thailand.很多人在泰国的那次海啸中遇难丧生。专项练习：一选择1 She lived there before he_to China.A.came B.comes C.come D.coming 2I _but_nothing.A.was list

18、ened；was hearing B.listened；heard C.have listened；heard D.listened；heard of 3When did you _here?A.got to B.reached C.arrive in D.reach 4I_my homework at 7：00 yesterday evening.A.finished B.would finish C.was finishing D.finish 5-He didnt go shopping with you yesterday afternoon,did he?-_.A.No,he doe

19、snt B.Yes,he didnt C.No,he did D.Yes,he did.6-I have had supper.-When _you_it?A.have；had B.do,have C.did,have D.will have答案：1 A2 B3 D4 A5 D6 C二填空1 They_(be)on the farm amoment ago.2 There_(be)a shop not long ago.3 Jenny_(not go)to bed until 11：00 oclock last night.4 Danny _(read)English five minutes

20、 ago.5 I_(see)Li Lei _(go)out just now.6 He _(do)his homework every day.But he _(not do)it yesterday.7 When Iwas young,I _(play)games with my friends.8 When _you_(write)this book?I _it last year.9 Did he_(have)lunch at home?10 I_(eat)the bread,Im full now.答案：1 were 2was 3didnt go 4read 5saw go 6does

21、；didnt do 7played 8did write；wrote 9have 10 have eaten三在句式变换时易出错例：1 We didnt went(not go)out last Friday.2 Did you had(have)a good time yesterday?答案：1 didnt go 2Did have解析：请记住口诀见助动,用原形.四易与单三人称作主语的一般现在时弄混例：He taughts(teach)me English last year.答案：taught解析：行为动词的过去式无人称和数的变化.即使主语是单三人称,也和其它人称所用动词的形式一样.五易

22、与现在完成时弄混例：我看过这部电影I saw(see)the film.答案：I have seen(see)the film.解析：我看过这部电影说明我了解这部电影的内容,强调现在的情况,应用现在完成时；一般过去时态的句子只是说明我看了这场电影,与现在无关.六易与过去进行时弄混,这里不在重复.三、现在进行时：概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语：now,at this time,these days,etc.基本结构：am/is/are+现分否定形式：am/is/are+not+现分.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。现在进行时是由助动词be加现在分词构成的。主要表示现在或现

23、时刻这一阶段正在进行的动作，有时候还用来表示一个最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。How are things getting on with you?工作进行的怎么样?Someone is asking for you on the phone.有人找你接电话。They are publishing anew version of the playscript by Taso Yu this autumn.今年秋天他们要出版曹禺剧作的一个新译本。专项训练：一、单选1、Look！He _their mother do the housework.A.is helping B.are help C.

24、is help D.is helpping 2、_are the boys doing?They are singing in the room.A.Who B.How C.What D.Where 3、Dont talk here.My mother _.A.is sleeping B.are sleeping C.sleeping D.sleep 4、Danny _.Dont call him.A.is writeing B.is writing C.writing D.writes 5、 When_he_back? Sorry,I dont know.A.does,come B.are

25、coming C.is come D.is coming答案：A CA BD二、填空1、Its ten oclock.My mother _(lie)in bed.2、What_he _(mend)?3、We _(play)games now.4、What _you_(do)these days?5、_he _(clean)the classroom?6、Who_(sing)in the next room?7、The girl_(like)wearing asweater.Look！She _(wear)a red sweater today.答案：1 is lying 2is mendin

26、g 3are playing 4are doing 5Is cleaning 6is singing 7likes；is wearing一把动词变成现在分词形式易出错例：1、They are swiming.(swim)2、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.答案：1.swimming 2.playing解析：动词变现在分词可有如下口诀：一添一去y不变.一添指双写规则；一去指去掉不发音字母e规则；y不变指要与名词变复数区分开。二丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词例：1、Look,two children flying.(fly)a kite in the park.

27、2、Li Mingisnt read(not read)a book in bed now.答案：1 are flying 2isnt reading解析：现在进行时肯定句的结构规律为：be+现在分词,缺一不可。这一点必须牢记。三对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing例：1、The students are singing in the room.(对划线部分提问)What are the students in the room?答案：What are the students doing in the room?解析：现在进行时态中对动作提问可记住此句式What+be+主语+doing+其它

28、?或简写为Whatdoing?句式。四现在进行时态的选择疑问句中易忽视or后用现在分词形式例：孩子们在跑还是在跳?Are the children running or jump?答案：Are the children running or jumping?解析：or连接的是两个并列成分，动词形式须一致。四、过去进行时：概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构：was/were+现分否定形式：was/were+not+现分一般疑问句：把

29、was或were放于句首。过去进行时是由助动词be的过去式加上现在分词构成的，主要表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。At that time she was working as an assistant in aphysics labatory.那时她在一家物理实验室做助手。They took us to see the chemical fibre mill that they were building.他们带我们去参观了他们正在修建的化纤厂。专项训练：一、单选1 What _from three to four yesterday afternoon?A have you done Bh

30、ad you done Cdid you do Dwere you doing 2 Icall you yesterday evening,but there was no answer.-Oh.,Im sorry I_ dinner at my friends home.A home Bhad Cwas having Dhave had 3My mother _while my father _TV.A cooked；was watching Bwas cooking；was watching Cwas cooked；watched Dcooked；watched 4When Igot ho

31、me,my son _the music.A am listening to Blistened to Cwas listening to Dwas listening 5We heard acry when we _TV last night.A were watching Bwould watch Cwatch Dwatched 6She asked him whether he _back for lunch.A come Bwas coming Ccame Dhad come 7Could you tell me when _?A she is coming Bshe was comi

32、ng Cwill be come Dis he coming 8The teacher _when Icame into the classroom.A is drawing Bdraws Chas drawn Dwas drawing 9The pizza _by my mother.Would you like to have some?A makes Bwas making Cmade Dwas made 10 Nobody noticed what she _at the moment.A will do Bwas doing Chas done Dhad done 11 Was it

33、 raining hard when you _this morning?A left Bleaves Cwas leaving Dwould leave答案：1 D2 C3 B4 C5 A6 B7 A8 D9 D10 B11 A二、填空1 _they_(feed)the animals at 5：00 yesterday afternoon?2 Mrs.Green _(not wash)clothes at this time yesterday.3 Grandpa _(mend)his clock when Ireached home.4 As I_(walk)in the park,I

34、saw some children playing games.答案：1 were feeding 2wasnt washing 3was mending 4was walking五、现在完成时：概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语：recently,lately,sincefor,in the past few years,etc.基本结构：have/has+过分否定形式：have/has+not+过分一般疑问句：have或has放于句首。现在完成时是由助动词have和has加过去分词构成的。主要表示此刻以前曾经发生的动作或

35、情况。如：Grain output has greatly increased in the past few years.这几年粮食产量有了很大增长。The area has suffered from disastrous floods throughout its history.这个地区历史上一直遭受水患之苦。注意：过去时和现在完成时的区别：现完成时的基本特点是它和现在有密切的联系，或是指迄今为止这一段时间的情况，或是过去发生的事对现在造成的影响或结果等。而过去时主要强调过去某时刻所发生的动作或情况，与现在没有任何联系。如：Up till now we have planted ove

36、r 10,000 apple trees.到目前为止我们共种了一万多棵苹果树。I saw him aminute ago.我前一会还见到他的。专项练习：一、单选1 You have _a tall young man.A grown Bgrown into Cgrown us Dgrown up 2He has _the watch for ayear.A buy Bbought Chave Dhad 3Has your brother _the dog?A kept in Bfed Cfed on Dkept on 4I _this book for two weeks,I have to

37、return it now.A borrowed Bhave borrowed Ckept Dhave kept 5Have you ever _to the Great Wall?Its very beautiful.A gone Bbeen Cwent Dgo 6Her brother _the Party since 1978.A joined Bhas joined Chas been in Dwas in 7The Greens _many places of interest since they came to China.A will visit Bvisited Chave

38、visited Dvisit 8Im sorry,I _your name.A had forgotten Bforgot Chave forgotten Dforgotten 9The bookshop _for eight years.A has been open Bhas been opened Chas opened Dhas open 10 We have all the paper so we need to buy some.A used up Bmade of Cfilled with Dhunted for 11 The flower I_grown up.A plante

39、d has Bplanted have Chas planted Dhave planted答案：1B 2D 3B 4D 5B 6C 7C 8C 9A 10 A11 A二、填空1 Have you ever _(take)a train?2 It _(be)more than three years since Jim _(leave)here.3 Have you _(make)friends with your new classmates yet?4 I_(have)my lunch and Im not hungry now.5 Jim has never seen apanda,_h

40、e?6 We _(be)good friends since we met at school.7 We cant find him anywhere.Perhaps he_(go)home.8 He _(read)the book before.9 Mr.Green _(teach)us alot about social studies since September.10 I_never_(meet)her sister before.答案：1 taken 2has been,left 3made 4have had 5has 6have been 7has gone 8has read

41、 9has taught 10 have met四、have been to与have gone to易弄混例：我去过北京。I have gone to Beijing.答案：I have been to Beijing.解析：have been to+地点是表示曾去过某地，但此刻不在那儿(即在说话的地方)。而have gone to+地点是表示去某地了，此刻在路上或已经到了那个地方(即不在说话的地方)。注意：这两个句式后接副词时，需省to。E.g.He has gone there.五、忘记把already变成yet例：I have already finished my homework.

42、(变一般疑问句)Have you already finished your homework?答案：Have you finished your homework yet?解析：现在完成时态中，肯定句中有already，变否定句或疑问句时通常要改为yet.六、在条件、时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来例：Ill go with you when Ifinish(finish)my homework.答案：have finished解析：在条件、时间状语从句中表示将来完成的动作，用现在完成时。但注意，此时表示这动作将在另一动作之前完成，若两动作同时发生，或几乎同时发生，则一般不用现在完成时。另

43、外，现在完成时易与一般过去时弄混，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.六、过去完成时：概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即过去的过去。时间状语：before,by the end of last year(term,month),etc.基本结构：had+过分.否定形式：had+not+过分.一般疑问句：had放于句首。过去完成时由助动词had加动词的过去分词构成，主要表示过去某时刻前业已完成的动作或存在的状态，其实就是指过去的过去。使用时往往要要在从句中或有一个明确的过去时间状语。Before daybreak they had covered ha

44、lf the distance.拂晓前他们已经走完了大半路程。No sooner had the rain stopped than they set out again.雨一停他们就又上路了。He had not learned any English before he came to the university.上大学前他一点英语没学过。专项练习：一、单选1 When Li Ming hurried home,he found that his mother _already_to hospital.A has；been sent Bhad；sent Chas；sent Dhad；be

45、en sent 2We _five English songs by the end of last term.A had learned Blearned Chave learned Dwill have learned 3Han Mei told me she _lunch,so she was very hungry.A has had Bhasnt have Chave had Dhadnt had 4By the end of 1976,many buildings _built in the city.A have been Bhave Chad been Dwill 5She _

46、her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _home.A has left；comes Bhad left；would come Chad left；came Dleft；had come 6He said that it was at least ten years since I_a good drink.A had enjoyed Bwas enjoying Chave enjoyed Dhave been enjoying 7The meeting _when Mr.Wang _to school.A has

47、 begun；get Bhas been on；get Chad begun；got Dhad been on；got答案：1D 2A 3D 4C 5C 6A 7C二、填空1 When Ireturned home,he _(leave).2 By ten yesterday evening,she _(finish)writing.3 He _(study)English for five years before he came here.4 It _(stop)raining when Iwake up this morning.5 I_(not read)the book becaus

48、e Ihad read it before.6 She said she_(be)born in 1992.7 When he _(come)to China two years ago he found people didnt understand him at all though he _(learn)some Chinese in his own country.8 Isaw Han Mei yesterday.We _(not see)each other since left Beijing.9 When Igot to his home,he_(go)to bed.10 She

49、 asked if Mr.Liu _already _(come)back.答案：1 had left 2had finished 3had studied 4had stopped 5didnt read 6was 7came had learned 8hadnt seen 9had gone 10 had come七、一般将来时：概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,in afew minutes,by,the day after tomorrow,etc.基本结构：am/is

50、/are/going to+动原；will/shall+动原.否定形式：am/is/are+not going to+动原；will/shall not+动原。一般疑问句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。一般将来时由助动词shall(will)加动词原形构成。它表示将要发生的动作或情况。They will sit the post-graduate examinations next autumn.明年秋他们要参加工硕考试。The teacher will not let me go home before Ihave finished my homework.老师要我做完作业才能

51、回家。专项练习：一、单选1 _you _a doctor when you grow up?A Will；going to be BAre；going to be CAre；/D Will；be 2I dont know if his uncle _.I think he _if it doesnt rain.A will come；comes Bwill come；will come Ccomes；comes Dcomes；will come 3He will be back _a few minutes.A with Bfor Con Din 4What time _we meet at

52、the gate tomorrow?A will Bshall Cdo Dare 5He will have aholiday as soon as he _the work next week.A finishes Bdoesnt finish Cwill finish Dwont finish 6There _some showers this afternoon.A will be Bwill have Cis going to be Dare going to have 7It _my brothers birthday tomorrow.She _a party.A is going

53、 to be；will have Bwill be；is having Cwill be；is going to have Dwill have；is going to be 8Li Ming is 10 years old now,next year he _11.A is Bis going to be Cwill be Dwill to be答案：1 B2B 3D 4B 5A 6A 7C 8C二、填空1-I need some paper.-I _(bring)some for you.2_(be)you free tomorrow?3 They _(not leave)until yo

54、u come back.4 _we_(go)to the party together this afternoon?5 They want to know when the meeting _start.6 I_(go)with you if Ihave time.7 Hurry up！Or we _(be)late.8What _you _(do)tomorrow afternoon?9 Jenny _(do)an experiment the day after tomorrow.10 If she isnt free tomorrow,she _(not take)part in th

55、e party.答案：1 will bring 2Are 3wont leave 4Shall go 5will 6will go 7will be 8are going to do 9will do 10 wont take三、There be结构的一般将来时易出错例：There_ abasketball match this afternoon.(B)A is going to be Bis going to have Care going to be Dare going to have答案：A解析：There be结构的一般将来时既要符合There be结构，又要符合一般将来时。有的同

56、学认为have当有讲，所以选了B，但There be结构就不成立了，此句中is是be going to中的，是由后边的单数名词决定的.四、be going to结构中易丢掉to例：Im going _(go)school by bike tomorrow.(C)A to will go Bto go to Cgo to Dto go答案：B解析：由tomorrow可知是一般将来时，be going to+动词原形，所以先确定用to go,在B、D当中选，而go to school是固定词组，不能因为前边有一个to而省略，这是一个易错点，需要注意。另外，在时间状语或条件状语从句中，若主句用了将来

57、时，从句则用一般现在时，前边已经讲过,这里不在重复.八、过去将来时：概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。时间状语：the next day(morning,year),the following month(week),etc.基本结构：was/were/going to+动原；would/should+动原.否定形式：was/were/not+going to+动原；would/should+not+动原.一般疑问句：was或were放于句首；would/should放于句首一般过去将来时由助动词would加动词原形构成，主要表示从过去某一时间角度看以后将要发生的动作。含这个时态的句子常带一个表示过去某个时间点的状语。这个状语或是一个短语，或是一个句子。这个时态常用于：宾语从句或间接引语中。例如：When Ithought about it,I wondered what their reaction would be.当我考虑这件事时，我想知道他们的反应是什么。She