英语语法If型虚拟语气.ppt

1、Jiayu NO1. High School _ Cheng Wenhui,Welcome to my class,1. If we can learn English well, we can let foreigners know more about China.2. If we had been better, we would have won the match.,Similarities: Differences:,1st: something is likely to happen in the future. 2nd: something was not true or co

2、ntrary to what happened in the past.,Indicative mood(陈述语气),Subjunctive mood(虚拟语气),The differences of different sentence mood can be shown through the structures of predicate(谓语结构).,Both are IF conditional clauses (if 条件句).,Definition of Subjunctive Mood,定义: 虚拟语气主要是用来表示说话人所说的话不是客观存在的事实，或者与事实相反；可以用来表示

3、主观假想，愿望，要求，命令，建议等。在形式上，虚拟语气主要是通过谓语动词的特殊结构来表示。 注意: 应用条件和谓语结构。,Indicative or Subjunctive Mood,Sub.,Ind.,Sub.,Ind.,Sub.,Sub.,Reading and discovering,Read the passage carefully and underline the sentences using subjunctive mood.,Liu Xiang won his third Asian 110m hurdles championship!,Liu Xiang won his

4、third Asian 110-meter hurdles championship! Looking back on the 2008 Olympic Games, Liu limped off the track due to injury even before he started running, leaving millions of Chinese astonished and disappointed. Liu apologized in public for his withdrawal, “I didnt know why things turned out this wa

5、y. I wanted to hang on, but I couldnt. It was unbearable. If I had finished the race, I would have risked my tendon(腱).” Liu did,make the right decision. If he hadnt given up then, he would have got worse injured. After Liu dropped out of the race, Chinas Internet was filled with comments that range

6、d from sympathy to suspicion. It is hard to imagine how much Liu suffered. Luckily, he didnt lose heart. “I never quit easily,” he said, I believe I will come back.” Yes, he made it. If he hadnt been so determined, he wouldnt have succeeded again.,Liu is really a man worth respecting. We should lear

7、n how to face hardships in life from him. If you were to meet with difficulties in the future, would you stick to your goal as Liu Xiang does? And if you were Liu Xiang now, what would you do, to retire and live a comfortable life or to struggle for the next championship?,1. If I had finished the ra

8、ce, I would have risked my tendon. 2. If he hadnt given up then, he would have got worse injured. 3. If he hadnt been so determined, he wouldnt have succeeded again.,Case1: If型虚拟条件句,would,should, could, mighthave done,had +done,与过去事实相反的假设,虚拟语气,1. If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the wo

9、rld with my best friends. 2. If you were Liu Xiang now, what might you do? 3. If I were a bird, I could fly to touch the sky.,Case1: If型虚拟条件句,would,should,could,mightV.(原),1. did 2. were,与现在事实相反的假设,虚拟语气,1. If I succeeded in passing the test tomorrow, I would be very happy. 2. If you were to meet wit

10、h difficulties in the future, would you stick to your goal as Liu Xiang does? 3. If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.,虚拟语气,Case1: If型虚拟条件句,would,should,could,might V.(原),与将来相反的假设,1. did 2. were to+ V.原 3. should +V.原,If 虚拟条件句用法小结：,would/should/could/might +do,1.had+done,would/should/cou

11、ld/might + have+done,would/should/could/might +do,1. did 2. were,1. did 2. were to do 3. should do,I dont know which to buy. If you were me, which would you buy?,If I were you, I would buy the red one.,Practices,If she hadnt eaten so much candy, she wouldnt have had her teeth pulled out.,She had her

12、 teeth pulled out because she ate too much candy.,Tom had a car accident because he drove after getting drunk.,If Tom hadnt driven after getting drunk, he wouldnt have had a car accident.,What would you do if you won the lottery some day?,If I won(were to win/should win) the lottery some day, I woul

13、d buy a big house for my parents.,虚拟语气,If 型特例1：虚拟混杂条件句,定义：if虚拟条件句中，从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。,For example: If they had studied hard last year, they could do it easily now.,与过去相反,与现在相反,各自为准,虚拟语气,If型特例2：省略 if 的虚拟倒装条件句,定义：虚拟条件句中，从句中有 were, had 或 should 时，可以省略if ，而把它们放在句首，构成部分倒装从句。,3. If you had not helped me，I s

14、hould have failed.,2. If he should fail in the experiment this time, he would try again.,1. If I were you, I would not do that.,Were I you, I would not do that.,Should he failed in the experiment this time, he would try again.,Had you not helped me, I should have failed.,虚拟语气,If型特例3：含蓄虚拟条件句,定义：有时假设的

15、条件不通过条件从句表现出来，而是暗含在上下文或without, otherwise, but for等引出的短语中。,3. 我那天很忙。否则，我就和他们一起去那儿了。,2. 要不是你的建议，在上次考试中我就会失败的。,1. 没有你的帮助，我今天完成不了此事。,Without your help, I couldnt finish it today.,But for your advice, I would have failed on the last exam.,I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.

16、,“ 我宁愿自己没有遇见他。要是当年我遇见的人是你，我肯定活得更幸福。” -非诚勿扰女主角笑笑 “I wish/would rather I hadnt met him. If I had met you that year, I would have lived a much happier life. - “If You Are the One”,Activity 1: Translation,如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火。整个太平洋的水

17、全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。 痞子蔡第一次亲密接触,If I _（have) ten million yuan, I _(buy) a house. Do I _(have) ten million yuan? No. Therefore, I still have no house. If I _ (have) wings, I _ (fly). Do I _(have) wings? No. Therefore, I can not fly. If all the water of the Pacific Ocean _(can) be poured out, it _ not e

18、xtinguish my love for you. Can it be? No. Therefore, I dont love you.,had,would buy,have,had,would fly,have,could,would,Penny is a girl who likes to make dreams. Now fill in the blanks, and you will know what her dreams is. I do wish I were a princess. If I _ (be) a princess, I _ (know) a lot of pri

19、nces and I would choose the most handsome prince. Suppose I _(marry) a prince, we _(have) a couple of little prince and princess. Thats really interesting.,Activity 2: What is Pennys dream,were,would know,married,would have,If I _ (know) my desire before, I _ (be born) in a royal family 25 years ago

20、. However, all of these are not true but I still know what I can do to fulfill my dream. If I _ (live) in London in the future, I _(visit) the palace every day. I wish I _ (meet)Prince William. The newspaper says he _(be) single now so I will have a chance to know him. If he _(fall) in love with me,

21、 I would get married to him. What if I _(never meet ) my own prince?,had known,would have been born,lived/were to live/should live,would visit,could meet,is,fell,never met/should never met,还有七个月我就要参加高考了，现在是在学习上全力以赴的时候了。(high time) Seven month later, I will take part in the college entrance examinati

22、on and now it is high time that I should try/tried my best in my study. 我后悔把本应该用在学习上的时间浪费在玩电脑游戏上了。 I regret wasting the time which I should have spent on my studies playing computer games. 如果两年前我能像现在一样用功，现在的成绩会令人满意得多。 If I had worked two years ago as hard as I do now, my grade would be much more sat

23、isfactory now.,Activity 3: Writing,不过，后悔是没有用的。 However, it is no use regretting. 如果可能的话，我现在愿意每天24小时都花在学习上。 If it were possible, I would spend 24 hours a day on my study. 我的老师建议我制定一个学习计划并认真执行。 My teacher suggested that I (should) make a study plan and carry it out seriously. 我也下定决心刻苦学习。 My teacher su

24、ggested that I (should) make a study plan and carry it out seriously.,出乎我的意料，在最近一次的英语考试中，我取得了很大的进步，这给了我极大的鼓舞。 To my surprise, I got the highest mark in the last English test, which greatly inspired me. 现在，我学习起来好像永不疲倦一样。 At present, I am learning as if I were never tired. 如果我能坚持下去，我相信我会取得成功。 I believ

25、e I can succeed if I can keep it up.,If I were given three days to see ,the first day, I should want to see the people whose kindness and gentleness and companionship had made my life worth living.,假如给我三天光明 第一天， 我想看到这些人， 他们的善良、 温柔和友情使我的生命值得活下去,If I were given three days to see , the second day. I should arise with the dawn and see the thrilling miraclebywhichnightistransformedin