英语六级新题型选词填空练习题及答案

1、新六级选词填空 10分There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling .No school I have taught in has ever _ spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however , vastly different ideas about how to teach it , or how much _ it must be given over

2、general language development and writing ability. The problem is , how to encourage a child to express himself freely and _ in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling?If spelling become the only focal point of his teachers interest, clearly a _4_child will be likely to “pl

3、ay safe”. He will tend to write only words within his spelling range,choosing to avoid _5_ language. Thats why teachers often _6_ the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a

4、personal experience ：“ This work is _7_ !There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible( 难以辨认的 ).” It may have been a sharp_8_ of the pupils technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which _9_ some beautif

5、ul expressions of the childs deep feelings.The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had cent redon the childs ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more _10_ to seek improvement. A) priority B)criticism C)c

6、ontained D)clearly E)adventurous F ） discourage G)motivation H)terrible I)ignored J)difficult K)encourage L)expressed M)confidently N)bright O)motive L)expressed 5Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists,

7、 who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can _1_ performance at work and school. Cognitive( 认识派的 ) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on _2_ and gifts from others. T

8、he latter view has gained many supporters, _3_ among educators. But the careful use of small _4_ rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements( 刺激 ) indeed _5_inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psycho

9、logy. “If kids know theyre working for a reward and can focus on a relatively _6_ task, they show the most creativity,” says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But its easy to _7_ creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for reward

10、s. A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for _8_ achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and _9_ failing grades. In earl

11、y grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows _10_ in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims. A)mental B)promiseC)killD)avoid E)hope F)especiallyG)aidH)ordinar

12、y I)approval J)monetaryK)generallyL)improve M)challengingN)restoreO)excellent 1. 选 L 第一段主要提出了行为学家和认知派研究专家对于额外奖励的不同看法，因此可以推出此处应填与 destroy 意思相反的动词，可选项由 improve 和 aid ，但能与 performance 构成动宾搭配的只有 improve ，故排除 aid 。 2. 选 I 由空格后的 and gift 可知此处应填名词。认知派研究专家认为，由于奖励助长了人们期望从别人那得到 和物质奖励的心理，而往往会破坏创造力，因此，选项中只有 app

13、roval “认同”符合题意。 3. 选 F 此处应填副词。可选项有 generally 和 especially ，但从文章后面所举的例子来理解，此处是为了突出强调教育家支持认知派研究专家的看法，因此只有 especially “尤其，特别”符合题意。 4. 选 J 此处应填形容词。由 But 转折可知此句表明的观点与认知派研究专家 who study various aspects of mental life 的观点“物质奖励有害”相反，因此可以推出此处应填的形容词是表示“物质奖励”的意思的词，选项中只有 monetary 符合题意。 5. 选 G 此处应填动词。由 But 转折可知，此

14、举表明的观点与前者即行为学家所持的观点一致，原文为“适当地给予奖励刺激确实 创造力”，选项中只有 aid “有助于（刺激）”符合题意。 6. 选 M 此处应填形容词。从原文来看，如果孩子们知道他们在为获得奖励而努力，并能专注于相对 的任务，他们就会表现出很大的创造力，因此只有 challenging 符合题意。 7. 选 C 由 it its easy to do 结构可知，此处应填动词。由此句中 But 转折与前一句中 show the most creativity 可以推出，此处应填的词应与 show he most 表达的意思相反，且与 destroy 意思相近，故选项中只有 kill

15、 符合题意。 8. 选 H 此处应填形容词。由此句中 high grades 和 uninspired 可以推出此处应填的词应与 high 形成对比，故只有 ordinary 符合。 9. 选 N 由空格前的 and 可知，此处应填动词。可选项有 avoid 和 restore ，但由 tighten 可推出，既然是使平分标准严格，那么就会有高分和低分，也会有不及格，故只有 restore “恢复”符合题意。 avoid “避免（不及格）”不符合原文意思。 10. 选 B 很明显此处应填名词。原文为“实行所谓象征性奖励，在努力提高学生创造力方面有 ，”可选项有 promise 和 hope ，

16、而 hope 是一般人主观的愿望，希望，但此处强调的是“ 有实现的可能性，有前景”，故排除 hope 而选 promise 。9分Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several _1_ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character

17、 and cultural _2_. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to _3_ to England because their inhabitants are not _4_ English. They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is _5_ to the others. These cultural minorities(少数民族) h

18、ave been Britains original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to _6_ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the _7_ areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the _8_ of industrialism as the border

19、 areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather _9_ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing.

20、 The Celtic _10_ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few. Aincomprehensible Btemper Cremote Dseparate EunderstandableFforget Ggenerally Htemperament Ipreserve Jstrictly Ktraditions L

21、reserve Mgrowth Napply Obelong 1.选 D此处应填形容词，修饰名词parts。文章首句即提出观点Britain is not just one country and one people“英国不只是一个国家和一个民族”，又从后文的invided into, each part以及Individual country可知英国被分成几个分离的部分，选项中只有separate表达了这个意思，故D）正确。 2.选 K此处应填名词。选项中有四个词temper, temperament, traditions和growth,语言等是一个民族的文化传统，故这里应该填K）tra

22、ditions，其他几个名词不符合上下文。 3.选 O此处应填动词原形。前文中说明英国被分成独立的几部分，各自保存自己的文化传统；后文中because.说明苏格兰、北爱尔兰以及威尔士的居民不承认自己是“English”，说明他们并不承认自己属于“England”，故这里应该选择O）belong。apply也可以和to连用，但apply to表示“将.应用于”，不符合上下文意思。 4.选 J此处应填形容词或副词。选项中的副词有generally和strictly，文中要表达的意思是因为这几个部分都有自己的语言和文化传统，所以严格来说，他们不是“English”，但他们都属于English。故J）

23、strictly符合文意。generally“一般地，大体地”放在原文意义上不够严谨。三个形容词不能使语义通顺。 5.选 A从前文中prefer to speak their own native tongue即苏格兰语、苏格兰语和威尔士语，那么这些语言对the others（见注释1）来说是陌生的，听不懂的。那么就不难从选项中的incomprehensible和understandable中选择前者，故A）incomprehensible“不能理解的”正确。 6.选 I由manage to结构可知此处要填的是动词原形。选项中的动词原形还有forget，preserve和reserve。从下文

24、中traditional life has not been so affected,可知他们成功地保存了自己的传统，排除forget；reserve和preserve都有“保存”的意思，前者指存留起来以派别的用场，后者指想办法保持原样，强调抵制破坏因素，故I）preserve符合文意。 7.选 C此处应填形容词。从后文where traditional life has not been so affected by the . of industrialism人们的传统生活受工业化.的影响没有那么大的地方可以推知，这些地方是比较偏远的地方，选项中的C）remote“偏僻的，遥远的”符合上下

25、文意思。 8.选M Border area“边界地区”的工业化发展的比remote area要快，所以此处要填的词是表示上升、增长的词，表示工业化的发展，选项M）growth“增长，发展”符合上下文意思。 9.选 F would rather和prefer意思相同，后面是宁愿让人记住他们的好的东西：民歌，舞蹈等。前面说的是过分节俭的坏名声，所以填入动词的意思应该与remember意思相反，选项中的F）forget符合上下文意思。 10.选H 此处应填名词。选项中的名词还有temper和temperament。前者指脾气，指情绪上的主要特征，后者指特征、气质，尤指带感*彩的个性和在社交上的个性。

26、这里指的是整个凯尔特民族的特征，故H）temperament正确;Answers: 1.选B 此处应填形容词。原文意思为“会计部门.计算报酬”，选项中的形容词responsible“负责任的”，useful“有用的”，indirect“间接的”，successful“成功的”，其中indirect不能与for连用，排除；剩余几项中只有B）responsible意义符合原句，其他均不符合，故排除。 2.选O 此处应填动词原形。本文主题就是采用一种新的工资和薪水制度时需要注意的问题，选项中的动词原形有compare“比较”，find“找到”，adopt“采纳”，分别带入原文，只有adopt最符合原

27、文意思，故选O). 3.选H 此处应填名词。从原文看，and连接并列结构，所以要填的词应与and后面的ways意思一致，选项中的名词只有method = ways，故选H）method。 4.选I 此处应填形容词。上文说新的工资制度需要一套决定工作评估和衡量雇员表现的方法，说的是制度“是否有用”的问题。这句说的时新的工资制度执行过程中的问题，劳资双方先期达成一致是薪酬制度成功的必要条件。形容词useful和successful，I）seccessful更符合原文意思。 5.选D 此处应填动词。这个动词的宾语是point“分值”，把分值.起来to give a total value得出总分值，

28、选项中有added和combined，前者指“把.相加”，后者意为“把.结合在一起”，原文指将分值相加得出总分，故D）added最符合文意。 6.选M 此处应填名词。首先solve problem“解决问题”是经理们应具备的能力，选项中的capacity与ability都可以表示“能力”；前者强调的是理解的能力和接受事物的能力，而后者强调实际应用的能力，故不难判断解决问题的能力应该用M）ability。 7.选F 此处应填名词。前半句指出“因为管理工作很难评估，经理的工作得分不需要参照基于分值的评估系统决定。”without reference to为固定搭配，意思是“与.无关”。故选F）re

29、ference。 8.选A 此处应填动词原形。原句中出现了the value of each job“每种工作的价值”和these in the job market“工作市场上的（工作价值）”，说明人事部门通过比较两种价值来计算工资制度。选项中只有compare表示“比较”，所以A）正确。 9.选K 此处应填副词，修饰整句话。“报酬要随工作表现各方面的不同而有所改变”，选项中Necessarily“必须地”与Basically“基本地”为副词，分别带入原文，“报酬.的变化是必须的”更符合上下文意思，故排除N),选K)。 10.选G 此处应填形容词。前文中提到一种情况即simple to me

30、asure the work done易于评估的工作，通常用现金奖励办法；而.measurement is difficult“难于评估的”，说明这些工作人员的工作不像手工工作那么直接，因而是间接的，故选项中只有G）indirect符合原句的意思。9分As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounts Department is _1_ for calculations of pay, while

31、the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay. If a firm wants to _2_ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a _3_ of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be _4_, that new pay

32、structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in points, which are _5_ together to give a total value for the job. For middle and

33、 higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their _6_ to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without _7_ to an evaluation system based

34、 on points. In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should _8_ the value of each job with these in the job market. _9_, payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that the job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the works done wi

35、th hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen, for _10_ workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed. Acompare Bresponsible Cuseful Dadded Efind Freference Gindirect Hmethod Isuccessful Jcombined KNecessarily 必要的，必定的Lcapacity Mability NBasically Oa

36、dopt Nowadays, is it possible to tell a persons class just by looking at him? Physical details _1_ tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago the working class very often looked unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often _2_, sportin

37、g types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such _3_ would no longer be so true.The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their _4_. The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on th

38、em. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer had money. Clothes can provide other _5_ as well. The upper classes _6_ to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colors, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people of

39、ten choose clothes in bright colors, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are missing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is _7_.Clothes are _8_ at a price within most peoples reach. New clothes make the wearer

40、feel good, and show some _9_ of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look _10_ and feel important. They want people to look at themA) Available B) background C) different D) tall E) totally B) F) taken G) descriptions H) degre

41、e I) clues J) alone C) K) appear L) consider M) full N) hobby O)fetched The typical pre-industrial family not only had a good many children, but numerous other dependents as well-grandparents, uncles, aunts and cousins. Such extended families were suited for survival in slow paced _1_ societies. But

42、 such families are hard to _2_. They are immobile. Industrialism demanded masses of workers ready and able to move off the land in pursuit of jobs, and to move again whenever necessary. Thus the extended family _3_ shed its excess weight and the so-called nuclear family emerged-a stripped-down, port

43、able family unit _4_ only of parents and a small set of children. This new style family, far more _5_ than the traditional extended family, became the standard model in all the industrial counties. Super-industrialism, however, the next stage of Eco-technological development, _6_ even higher mobilit

44、y. Thus we may expect many among the people of the future to carry the streamlining process, a step further by remaining children, cutting the family down to its more _7_ components, a man and a woman. Two people, perhaps with matched careers, will prove more efficient at navigating through educatio

45、n and social status, through job changes and geographic relocations, than the ordinarily child-cluttered family.A _8_ may be the postponement of children, rather than childlessness. Men and women today are often torn in _9_ between a commitment to career and a commitment to children. In the future,

46、many _10_ will sidestep this problem by deferring the entire task of raising children until after retirement.A)transplant B)solution C)gradually D)transport E)elemental F)conflict G)continually H)mobile I)couples J)agricultural K )including L)compromise M)requires N)primary O)consisting Many a young

47、 person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always _1_ such people, but I also explain that theres a big difference between being a writer and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of _2_ and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. Youre got to want to write, I say to them, n

48、ot want to be a writer.The reality is that writing is a _3_, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never _4_. When I left a 20-year career in the US. Coast Guard to become a freelance writer(自由撰稿人), I had no _5_ at all. What I di

49、d have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was _6_and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and feltlike a _7_ writer.After a year or so, however, I still hadnt gotten a break and began to _8_ myself. It was so har

50、d to sell a storythat _9_ made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one of those people who die wondering, what if? I would keep putting my dream to the test-even though it meant living with _10_and fear of failure. This is the Shadow lan

51、d of hope, and anyone with a dream learn to live there.A) barely B) genuine C) rewarded D) doubt E) lonely B) F) poverty G) persuade H) prospects I) uncertainty J)impossiblyC) K) encourage L)awarded M) alone N)wealth O)cold As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of rel

52、axation. But relaxation is _1_ for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to _2_ it. In fact, it is not the bad thing as it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the

53、 stress gets out of _3_ that it can lead to poor performance and ill health. The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such _4_ are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the firs

54、t sight of _5_ difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both physically and _6_. In fact we make choice between flight or fight and in more _7_ days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however litt

55、le the stress, it involves the same _8_. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued _9_ to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we cannot _10_ stress from our lives it would be unwise to do so even if we could, we need to find ways to deal with it. A) exposure B )characters C)

56、answer D)chemically E)avoid F)psychologically G)primitive H)transfer I)unusual J)control K)remove L)escape M)response N)backward O)essential The first modern Olympic Games was held in Athens（雅典)in 1896and only twelve nations participated. Besides the host nation man participants were tourists who _1

57、_ to be in Greece at the time. Though the whole affair was _2_ and the standard was not high, the old principle of amateur sport was kept up.Since then the games had been held every four years except during the _3_ of the two World War. This was _4_ a departure from the old Olympic spirit when wars