宾语从句复习 (3).ppt

1、宾 语 从 句 The Object Clause,I know him . 2. I know who he is .,主语,谓语,宾语,（简单句）,主语,谓语,宾 语 从 句,引导词,从句主语,从句谓语,主 句,（复合句）,宾语从句的概念： 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。,句子结构： 主句 + 引导词（连词）+ 宾语从句,一、引导词（连词） 1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定 句）, 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语 或非正式文体中常省略。,1. He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2.

2、 He says, “Tom is a good student ”.,He said (that) I was younger than him.,He says (that) Tom is a good student.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry, sure, afraid, glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句。,Im sorry (that) I dont know . Were sure (that) our team will win . Im afraid (that) he wont pass the exam .,注意:当句末为

3、or not时，引导词只能用whether而 不能用if.如: I dont know whether it is going to rain or not.,2. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，由连词whether或if引导（口语中常用if），if/whether翻译为：“是否”，具有一定的意义，不能省略。,1. She said, “ Do you often come here early? ” 2. “Will they go to visit the Great Wall?” he asked.,She asked if/whether I often came here early.,

4、He asked if/whether they would go visit the Great Wall.,3. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，由原特殊疑问词引导，因为特殊疑问词在从句中担任一定的句子成分，具有一定的意义，所以不可以省略。,1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he asked.,He asked where I lived.,He asked how they could get to the post-office.,陈 述 句,that,一般疑问句,if (whe

5、ther),特殊疑问句,特殊疑问词,祈使句,肯定句,to+动词原形,否定句,not to+ 动词原形,He said to me, “Open the door, please!” He asked/told me to open the door.,二、时态 1. 如果主句是现在的时态(包括：一般现在时， 现在进行时,现在完成时）,从句的时态一般保 持不变。,he will ask Jim a question. I am a good friend. He says he isnt feeling well now. he came back last night. he has been

6、 here twice before.,2.如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时，过去进行时），那么从句的时态一定要一致。,I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. He asked whether his father would come back tomorrow. He said that he had seen it .,主句时态,从 句 时 态,连 接 前,连 接 后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,

7、现在完成时,过去完成时,注意：当从句是客观真理、定义、公理、 定理时，用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the sun goes/travels around the earth . 2. The teacher said the sun rises from the east and sets in the west . 3. The teacher said the light travels/runs faster than the sound. 4. The teacher said Japan is in the east of Asia .,三、语序 宾语

8、从句的语序用陈述语序： 主句+引导词+主语+谓语+其他,1.陈述句基本不变,He said, “You are younger than I ”.,He said (that) I was younger than him.,He says (that) Tom is a good student.,He says, “ Tom is a good student.”,2. 问句还原为陈述语序 be动词、情态动词及助动词(包括have/has)放到从句主语之后; 2)助动词do /does/ did 应删去, 谓语动词根据实际情况而变。 1. Who is Jim waiting for ?

9、I know 2.Can Lily carry the basket ? I know 3. Where did Anna go yesterday? I know,Jim is waiting for.,Lily can carry the basket.,Anna went the day before.,who,whether/if,where,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to th

10、e library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,4. Does he know French ? We want to know if/whether he knows French

11、. We want to know if/whether does he know French.,5. Will they go to Canada in summer ? They re not sure if /whether they will go to Canada in summer . They re not sure if /whether will they go to Canada in summer .,1. Did the students have a picnic last Sunday? Do you know ? 2. Mr. Smith have been

12、in China for about three years . Jim told Lin Tao .,Do you know if/whether the students had a picnic last Sunday ?,Jim told Lin Tao (that) Mr. Smith had been in China for about three years .,3. Which book should I read first ? Please tell me . 4. Light travels faster than sound . Our teacher told us

13、 in yesterdays class.,Please tell me which book I should read first .,Our teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound in yesterdays class .,1could / would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意事项,Could you please tell me where we show our tickets ? Could you tell us which gate we have to go

14、 to ? Would you like to know when he will come back ?,2. 如果从句中含有or或or not时，只能 用whether而不用if.,Could you tell me whether thats a fast train or not ? Do you know whether he is right or not ? I dont care whether hell stay here or not .,1). Do you know if _back next week ? If he _ back , please let me kn

15、ow . A. he comes , will come B. will he come , comes C. he will come , comes D. he will come , will come,3. 连词 if 和 when 在不同从句中的区别：,C,2). I dont know when he _ (come) . I cant wait here any more . When he _ (come) , would you please ask him to call me ?,will come,comes,if 如果, 假如,when 当时,if 是否 when 何

16、时 不影响句子时态,4. 连词+宾语从句 连词+to do,I dont know what I shall do next . I dont know what to do next . She didnt decide which one she would choose . She didnt decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom youll give the letter to . Please tell me whom to give the letter to .,Practice makes perfect.,选择填空1

17、-15,用所给词的正确形式填空1-10， 1-15,1.The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether 2.We dont know _ they did it . A. how B. who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time . A. that B. if C. when D. what time 4. Does anybody know _ we will have a

18、sports meeting this weekend or not . A. if B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have you found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ? A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D

19、. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here . A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,9. Could you show me _ ? A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station 10. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like

20、 C. what he likes D. what he like 11. My sister told him _ . A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who she was waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,12. Could you tell me where we _ next week . A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 13. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ? A.

21、do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 14. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stockings in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,15. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ . A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. wh

22、o it is 16. Could you tell me how long _ ? A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of Greener China 17. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D.

23、rain , will go,B,C,D,1. Could you tell me if they _ (work) in the factory so far . 2. Did your parents tell you that the sun _ (rise) in east ? 3. - What _ he _ (say) just now ? I _ (not can hear) him . - He _ (say) that he _ (plant) trees with his parents yesterday . 4. Can you tell me when _ (leav

24、e) tomorrow?,have worked,rises,did,say,couldnt hear,said,planted,to leave,5. Did he say that their parents _ (come) here tomorrow . 6. He told me two weeks _(be) enough. 7. The teacher told us that the sun _(be) bigger than the moon . 8. I think I _ (tell) you what _ (do) next . Dont just stay here!

25、,to do,will tell / have told,is,was,would come,9. A: What are you standing here for ? B: Im waiting here to ask Mr. Johnson if he _ (give) us a talk on American history . If he _ (have) no time , Ill ask Mr. Smith instead . 10. A: Do you know when Mr. Green _ (come) to see us next month ? B: Dont wo

26、rry . I _ (tell) you when he really _ (come) here .,will give,has,will come,will tell,comes,The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be) The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go) Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that t

27、hey _ members of the Party since 1948. (be) He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do) The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel) I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk) I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be),will be,goes,were playing,has returned,had been,tra

28、vels,are talking,were,were doing,10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write) 11. Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take) 13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be) 14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) 15. Can you tell m