英语句子成分讲解之主谓宾表语.ppt

1、句 子 成 分 简 析,之主语，宾语，谓语与表语,我们可以打个比方： 一个句子单从形式上来说，可以看成已经完工的建筑。 建成后的房子的构成部件有：门、窗、天花板、地板、墙等； 对应在句子里就组成部件就是：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语、表语这些句子成分。 而具体房屋的组成部分如墙，天花板，地板，窗户，门等都是由一定的材质如混凝土，钢筋，玻璃，铝合金等构成； 对应在句子里就是句子成分是由一个个具体的不同词性的词、短语或从句构成。 简单来说，句子由不同的句子成分组成，而不同的成分又由具体的不同的词、短语或句子构成。,定义 ：构成句子的各个部分的名称叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分。

2、 主要成分:主语、谓语、宾语、补语(宾补和主补)、表语。 次要成分: 定语、状语、同位语。 极端情况下，一个词也可以是个句子，如 Go！,I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday., 主语, 谓 语, 定语, 宾 语, 同位语, 时 间 状 语, 地 点 状 语,主语（subject）表示句子所要说明或描述的人或事物，一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词组或句子充当，置于句首。,1. Jane is good at playing the piano. 2. She went out in a hurry. 3. Four plus fou

3、r is eight. 4. To see is to believe. 5. Smoking is bad for health. 6. The young should respect the old. 7. What he has said is true.,（名词） （代词） （数词） （动词不定式） （动名词） （the+形容词） （句子）,找出句中主语,1. The sun rises in the east. 2. Twenty years is a short time in history. 3. The poor are now living in the shelter.

4、 4. Seeing is believing. 5. To see is to believe. 6. He likes dancing. 7. What he needs is a book.,谓语（ predicate ）说明或描述主语的动作、状态或特征，由动词或动词短语充当，位于主语之后。,1. I saw the flag on the top of the hill. 2. He looked after two orphans. 3. It becomes warmer. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; 1. He can speak English well. 2. Sh

5、e doesnt seem to like dancing.,找出句中谓语,1. We love China. 2. We have finished reading this book. 3. He can speak English. 4. She seems tired.,1. Show your passport, please. 2. She didnt visit him. 3. How many do you want? - I want two. 4. They sent the injured to hospital. 5. They asked to leave. 6. I

6、 enjoy working with you. 7. I dont know what he said.,（名词 ）,( 代词）,(数词),(the+形容词),(三)宾语句子动作所涉及的人或事物; 宾语承载了谓语所支配的人、物、事的信息。,（不定式）,（动名词）,（句子）,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物。 He gave me some books., 间接 宾语, 直接 宾语,Please pass me the book. He bought his friend some flowers.,1. We often help him. 2. He lik

7、es to play basketball. 3. We enjoy listening to the music. 4. She said that he felt sick. 5. The story is about Mo Yan.,找出句中的宾语,（四）表 语表示主语的身份、性质、状态和特征，一般由名词、形容词、代词、副词、不定式、动名词，介词短语或句子充当，位于连系动词之后。,The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. Im not quite myself today. That remains a puzzle. I dont feel at ease. Her job is selling computers. That is what he said.,(副词),(不定式),(形容词),(代词),(名词),(介词短语),(动名词),(句子),1. I am a teacher. 2. They are on the playground. 3. My job is teaching English. 4. It gets cold.