高英人文知识.ppt

1、Warming up 1.Australia is the _ largest country in the world. sixth 2.Australia consists of _ states, _ major mainland territories. six, two 3. Which is the largest city in Australia and is one of the worlds greatest seaports? Sydney 4._ is the capital of Victoria. The second largest city in Austral

2、ia. Melbourne 5. On January 1, 1901,_ came into being. A Constitution B the Commonwealth of Australia B the commonwealth of Australia B 6. What is the capital of Australia? Canberra,General introduction of Australia The details of Australia,The Symbol of Australia Location and Size Political Divisio

3、n Politics,Australia ,officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a highly developed country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent (the worlds smallest), the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.,For at least 40,00

4、0 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians After sporadic visits by fishermen from the immediate north and discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australias eastern half was claimed by Britain in 1770 and initially settled through pe

5、nal transportation to the colony of New South Wales, founded on 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in the following years; the continent was explored and an additional five largely self-governing Crown Colonies were established during the 19th century. On 1 January 1901, the six colonies

6、became a federation and the Commonwealth of Australia was formed. Since Federation, Australia has maintained a stable liberal democratic political system and is a Commonwealth realm.,A B C,which flag is the symbol of Australia?,The flag is a blue field with the Union Flag in upper hoist quarter, and

7、 a large white seven-pointed star known as the Commonwealth Star in the lower hoist quarter. The fly contains a representation of the Southern Cross constellation, made up of five white stars one small five-pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars.,旗地为深蓝色，国旗的左上角为英国国旗图案，表明英国与澳大利亚传统的宗属关系，澳大利

8、亚从属于英国联邦。下面为一颗较大的白色七角星，象征组成澳大利亚联邦的六个州和联邦政府。旗的右边为五颗白色的星，其中一颗小星为五角，其余均为七角。五颗小星代表南十字星座（在澳大利亚看得最清楚的星座）。这是1903年从三万多个作品中选出来的。,Australia is a country , an island, and a continent. It is located in Oceania between the Indian Ocean and the South Pacific Ocean. It is the sixth largest country in the world wit

9、h a total area of 7，686，850 square kilometres, making it slightly smaller than the contiguous 48 states of the Unites States.,Location and Size,Australia consists of six states ,two major mainland territories , and other minor territories.,Political Division,The states are New South Wales(新南威尔士),Que

10、ensland(昆士兰), South Australia(南澳大利亚), Tasmania(塔斯马尼亚), Victoria(维多利亚) and Western Australia(西澳大利亚).,The two major mainland territories are the Northern Territory(北领地), and the Australia Capital Territory(首都直辖区),New South Wales,It is the oldest of the Australia state and has the largest population, l

11、eading the country in industry, shipping and agriculture. Sydney , its capital, is the largest city in Australia and is one of the world greatest seaports.,Victoria,It is the southeastern corner of the mainland Australia. Melbourne, the capital of Victoria, is Australias second largest city, and the

12、 cultural and sports center of the country as well.,Queensland,The second largest and youngest state, Queensland occupies the tropical northeastern corner of Australia. Brisbane, its capital. is the gateway two of Australias major tourist playgrounds, the Cold Coast(黄金海岸), and the Great Barrier Reef

13、(大堡礁）.,Northern Territory,The Northern Territory is a federal territory of Australia, occupying much of the centre of the mainland continent, as well as the central northern regions. Darwin is the only city in the state. The population is not concentrated in coastal regions but rather along the Stua

14、rt Highway,Australia Capital Territory,The Australian Capital Territory, often abbreviated to the ACT, is the capital territory of the Commonwealth of Australia and its smallest self-governing internal territory. Canberra(堪培拉) is the capital of Australia,Politics,The commonwealth of Australia is a f

15、ederation. Generally, the Australia federation has a three-tier system of government: the federal parliament and and government, six State parliaments and governments, and about 900 local governments. Britishs monarch is also Australias and represented by the Governor General and six State governors

16、.,The constitution(宪法),Unlike British, Australia has a written Constitution. It came into effect in 1901, which deals with the composition and the powers of the Australia federal government and the relationship between the federal government and the State government. The constitution can be changed

17、only by referendum(公民投票).,Government(政府),Reflecting the influence of the Westminster tradition of British Government, Australia government is formed by the party or parties that have the confidence of the majority of members of the House of Representatives.,The Westminster system is a democratic par

18、liamentary system of government modelled after the politics of the United Kingdom,Parliament（会议）,The parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia consists of two chambers: the House of Representative and the Senate. The House of Representative has 150 members, elected for a three year term. By convention, the Prime Minister is always a member of the House of Representatives. The Senate has 76 members, elected through a preferential system in 12-seat state constituenci