初中冠词专项讲解

1、Whenever you have an aim you must sacrifice something of freedom to attain it.初中英语复习冠词专项冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，对名词进行限定。冠词与名词的关系密不可分，就好像“鱼儿离不开水”一样。冠词分为不定冠词、定冠词两种，它们在英语中使用率极高，也是历年来中考的考查重点。【专项讲解】冠词的分类：冠词可以分为两类，一类是不定冠词a 和an, 一类是定冠词the。1.a 和an 常用在单数可数名词前，表示“泛指”，强调“一”的意思。例如：a boy, a gift, a cat, an apple, an ora

2、nge, an hour等等。不定冠词an用在元音读音开头(不是指元音字母)的词前，其余用不定冠词a.Eg. Do you enjoy your school life ? Yes, of course. Ive had _wonderfor time here AtheBaCan What would you like ? _glass of orange juice please. Thank you A.ABAnCTheD/There is _apple tree in our school. AaBtheCan 2. the 用在单数或复数名词前，表示的是特指的某些人或事物，一般翻译为

3、“这”,一般在名词后面有限制性词组或句子。比较：This is an orange 这是一个橘子（强调一个，泛指） The orange is mine 这个橘子是我的（强调这个，特指）eg： Do you know_university student who is taking wih Joe?Yes ,she s my cousin, Kate. AaBanCthe Look, simon,_walkman（随身听） that I bought last year isnt working properly A.aBanCtheD/ _woman in a purple skirt is

4、 Bettys mather ATheBACAnD/3. 序数词前一般加定冠词the，表示的顺序的排列，但序数词前也可以加不定冠词a 或 an 表示的是“另一个”或“又一个”的含义。如：Would you like a second cup of tea？Ok , thanks上述句子中的 a second cup of tea = another cup of teaeg. Although I falied four times ,my father encouraged me to have a _try AsecondBthirdCfourthDfifth4. 一些固定搭配中的不定冠词

5、（1）一些表示数量的词组中。如：a few , a little, a lot, a couple of（2）一些表示重量，长度，时间等的词组中。如：a week , a handful of (少量) ,at a time (每次)（3）“have / take + a +抽象名词”与该名词的动词同义。 如：have a talk = talk, have a swim =swim, have a look = look ,have a walk =walk5. 其他的必须记住的搭配：Have a coldhave a good time in a hurryonce upon a time

6、 (从前)for a long time, make a face6. 表示独一无二的名词前加定冠词the。如：the moon, the sun, the earth.例如： The sun is bigger than the mooneg . _earth we live on is bigger than _moon A The , aB, the ,theC. An ,aD. The , /7. 序数词和形容词的最高级前要用定冠词 the。例如： That was the happiest day in her life. 那是她一生中最幸福的日子eg.Beijing , the c

7、apital of China ,is one of _cities in the worldA . the biggestB. biggerC. much biggerD. big8 .姓名或姓名复数前加the ,表示某某一家人，或夫妻俩。例如： The Greens are watching TV.eg . _Greens are on_visit to a beautiful city in China A/,aB. A, theC. The,aD.The, /9. 在某世纪某年代前加定冠词the。如：in the 1870s,在19世纪70年代 在西洋乐器前加定冠词the，而中国乐器前

8、不加定冠词theeg. She could play _piano at the age of four AaBtheC/DanDoes Tian often play_guitar after _school Athe,theBthe,aC the, /Da, /10. 一些固定搭配的定冠词。如：in the morningin the endon the right Take sb by the hand (抓住某人的手)hit sb on the soulder（拍某人的肩） eg. The Browns often come over to my family _the evening

9、 AwithBinCforDof11.不用冠词的场合：(1)季节，月份，星期和节日前不用冠词：如：It is Saturday today(2)语言，学科， 三餐，球类前，不用冠词：如:Maths is hard to learn(3)在与by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词：如：by bus= take a bus, by bike , by train(4) 在一些固定搭配前不用冠词：如：husband and wife（夫妻） at home/school, in fact（事实上）in bed（躺在床上）eg. Will you get there by_train? No , I ll

10、 take _taxi A. /aBatheC/D.the. a重难考点强调总结：一、不定冠词的基本用法1. 第一次提到的人或事物：I bought _（一辆自行车）yesterday.There is _（一块橡皮）on the desk.2. 表示有某人或某物，但不具体说明是何人或何物：_（一个学生）is looking for you.3. 表示一类人或事物中的任何一个：_（火车）is faster than _（汽车）._（大象）is stronger than _（马）.4. 虽然有“一”的含义，但不强调数量：I have _（一个姐姐）. Her name is Lily.5. 用

11、于表示时间、长度、价格等的单位名词前，表“每一”，相当于every：You should take this medicine _（一天三次）.The apples are three yuan _（每公斤）.6. 习惯用法：a few_, a little_, a lot of_, a number of_,have a rest_, take / have a look_, make a face_,in a hurry_, for a while_ 记忆口诀不定冠词a或an，表“一”但不强调“一”；人或事物首次提，单位名词前“每一”；表示有人、有某物，何人何物不具体；强调类别任一个，习惯

12、用法记心里。二、a和an用法巧记1. a用于辅音音素开头的单数可数名词前，an用于元音音素开头的单数可数名词前。注意：要看读音是元音开头还是辅音开头，而不是根据字母。如_（一个小时），_（一把雨伞）等。如果名词前有修饰语，那么用a还是an取决于该修饰语的第一个音素是辅音还是元音。如：_（一本有用的书），_（一个诚实的男孩），_（一个不高兴的女孩），_（一个不寻常的故事）等。2. a, e, i, o, 这四个元音字母，以及f, h, l, m, n, r, s, x这八个辅音字母单独使用时，因其发音均以元音开头，所以要用an。我们可以用一句话来概括前面用an的所有字母，Mr. Li has o

13、ne fox.（李先生有一只狐狸。）举例如下：This time I got _（一个A）in my homework.There is _（一个n）in the word “lend”.I bought _（a / an）MP5 yesterday.3. 用8, 11, 18, 80, 800等阿拉伯数字组成的短语前要用an，其他用a。如：That is an eight-meter-wide bridge.He is only an 11-year-old boy.I had a talk with an 80-year-old man on the street yesterday.三、

14、定冠词的基本用法1. 用在“特指”谈话双方都知道的某个人或某些人或物前。如：Where is _？老师在哪里？2. 用在上文已提到的人或事物前。如： I can see a cat. _ is Lucys. 我能看见一只猫，那只猫是露茜的。3. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：_ goes around _. 地球围绕着太阳转。4. 用在序数词或形容词最高级前。如： He is always _ to get to school. 他总是第一个到校。Mike is _ of the three boys. 迈克是三个男孩中最高的一个。5. 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如：the Great

15、 Wall（长城）the Peoples Park（人民公园 ）6. 用在一些习惯用语中或乐器名词前。如：in the day（在白天） play the piano（弹钢琴）记忆口诀特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独一无二，序数最高级，某些专有名，习语及乐器。四、零冠词的用法1. 名词前已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, his, her, our, their, some等限定词时，不用冠词。如：this eraser, her pencil-box, some boxes, those women等。2. 泛指的不可数名词前一般不用冠词。如：

16、meat, rice, water, bread, tea, milk, juice等。3. 复数名词表示泛指时，不用冠词。如：The people in the room aredoctors. 房间里的那些人是医生。4. 在表示学科的名词前一般不用冠词。如：Chinese, English, maths, physics, history等。5. 在三餐饭和球类运动名词前一般不加冠词。如：have breakfast/ lunch/ supper, play basketball / football等。6. 在季节、节日、星期、月份前不用冠词。如：autumn, summer, wint

17、er, spring, Teachers Day, Childrens Day, Sunday, February等。7. 在表颜色、语种和国家名词前不用冠词。如：white, brown, French, Australia等。8. 在表示称呼语的名词之前，以及职务、头衔的名词前不用冠词。如：Doctor Greenis a scientist. 格林博士是位科学家。记忆口诀代词限定名词前，专有名词不可数，复数名词表泛指，学科球类三餐饭，季节星期月份前，颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。五、有无定冠词意思迥异英语中有些名词，如bed, class, hospital, school, chur

18、ch等，当不强调这次词所表示的场所，只强调它们的专门作用时，前面不带定冠词；否则要加定冠词。如：1. at table在进餐at the table在桌旁2. at desk做读书或做作业at the desk在书桌旁3. at school在上学，在求学（是学生） at the school在学校里（不一定是学生）4. at sea在海上航行 at the sea在海边5. in class在上课in the class在班里6. in prison坐牢 in the prison在监狱7. in bed卧床，睡觉in the bed在床上8. in front of在的前面in the f

19、ront of在的前部9. go to bed去睡觉go to the bed到床边或床前10. go to hospital入院治疗go to the hospital去医院（不一定是病人）11. go to church去教堂做礼拜、做祷告go to the church去教堂（为了别的目的）12. go to school去上学（不强调场所）go to the school到学校去（开家长会等）【课后练习】一、在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划 / 。1There is _ picture of _ elephant on _ wall2This is _ useful boo

20、kIve read it for _ hour3_ elephant is much heavier than _ horse4_ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day5Lets go out for _ walk6Its too hotOpen _ door, please7There is _ woman over there_ woman is Meimeis mother8_ sun rises in _ east9_ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China10Th

21、is is _ second time I have been here.11Washington is _ capital of _ USA12_ Turners are living at the end of _ Turner Street13He joined the army in _ spring of _ 199514_ old man is _ teacherHe likes playing _ basketball after _ supper15After I had _ quick breakfast，I hurried to school二单项选择( )1.There

22、is _ “s” in _ word “bus”.A. a ; a B. an ; the C. a ; the D. an ; a( )2.Maths is _ useful subject. You cant drop it , I think.A. an B. a C. the D. /( )3._ bad weather it is!A. How B. What a C. How a D. What( )4.What color is _ orange?-Its _ orange.A. an; an B. an ; the C. an ; / D. / ; an( )5.Mr. Li

23、is _ old worker.A. an B. a C. some D. /( )6.Look at _ picture! Theres _ house in it.A. a ; a B. the ; the C. a ; the D. the; a( )7.One morning he found _ handbag. There was _ “s” on the corner of _ handbag.A. a ; an ; the B. a ; a ; theC. a ; a ; a D. the ; an ; a( )8.What _ interesting story it is!

24、A. a B. an C. the D. /( )9.Meimei is _ best student in her class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( )10.Tom is _ kind boy. All _ students love him.A. a ; / B. a ; the C. an ; / D. an ; the( )11.Is _ book on the desk mine? Yes.A. the B. a C. an D. /( )12.Even while he was in _ hospital, he went on writing songs.A. a B. an C. the D. /( )13.Dont read _.A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed D. on the bed( )14.Smith is _ honest man.A. a B. the C. an D. /( )15.China has _ population of 1,200,000,000.A. / B. an C. the D. a( )16.Whats _ for “椅子”?A. English B. an EnglishC. the English D. a