直接引语和间接引语教学课件

1、直接引语变间接引语,教学目标：复习直接引语和间接引语，并做相关的练习。,The boy said , “ Im reading a book.”,直接引语,The boy said (that) he was reading a book.,间接引语.,直接引语： 直接引述别人的原话.直接引语的前后必须加引号。,间接引语： 用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语前后不加引号。,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句,直接引语与间接引语的定义,代词,1、人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,三 不 变,引号内的第一人 称变间接引语后与主句主语的人称保持一致,引号内的第二人称变间接引语后与主句宾语的人称保持一致。如

2、果没有宾语，也可以用第一人称,引号内的第三人称 在变间接引语后， 人称不变,She said,“ I like basketball.”,She said that she liked basketball.,He said to Lily, “ you must get up early.”,He told Lily that she must get up early.,She said to me , “ They want to help him.”,She told me that that they wanted help him.,一随主，二随宾，第三人称不变化,Exercise

3、s: 1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.” He said _brother had failed in the exam. 2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?” he asked Mary how _mother was then. 3)My teacher said, she is a good student. My teacher said _was a good student 4) He said to me,“ Ive left her book in your room”

4、He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.,his,her,she,he,her,my,2、 时态的变化,He says, I will do it tomorrow” He says that he will do it tomorrow.,如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化,如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去完成时,不变,一般将来时,过去将来时,1、一般现在时一般

5、过去时态 She said: “ I am a student. ” She said (that) she was a student.,2、 现在进行时过去进行时； She said ,“I am reading a book.” She said she was reading a book. 3、 现在完成时过去完成时； “Where have you been these days?”he asked. He asked me where I had been those days.,4、一般过去时过去完成时 Shesaid, “I saw the film yesterday.”S

6、hesaidshe had seen the film the day before。,5、一般将来时过去将来时 Shesaid, Hewillgotoseehisfriend.” Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。 Tom said, “ I am going to play basketball tomorrow.” Tom said he was going to play basketball tomorrow.,Exercises : . John said, “I like reading adventure stories. ” John said t

7、hat he _ reading adventure stories. . She said to me, “I broke your CD player. ” She told me that she _ my CD player. . He said, “Ill come here this morning.” He said he_ go there that morning . He said, “I have finished my homework.” He said that he _ his homework. . He said, “They are playing game

8、s over there?” He said that they_ playing games over there.,liked,had broken,would,had finished,were,注意： (1)如果在当天转述today等时间状语也不必改变。 (2)如果在当地转述，here 不必改为there，动词come 不必改为go. (3)当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：eg.Hesaid ,“Theearthgoesaroundthesun. He saidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun. (4)为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是

9、事实时，不需要变化时态。 eg.My teacher said, “Tom is a good student. ” My teacher said Tom is a good student.,1.Our teacher said, “ Light travels much faster than sound.”,Our teacher said that light _ much faster than sound.,travels,2.“I graduated in 1966.”My brother said.,My brother said that he in 1966.,gradu

10、ated,3.The teacher said to the students, “The earth is round.” 4. My father said to me, “I was born in 1961.”,The teacher told the students that the earth _ round.,My father told me that he _ born in 1961.,is,was,3、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和 动词的变化,1. “What does this word mean?” she asked me.,She asked me what

11、word meant.,that,2. “Can you see that map on the wall?” he asked me.,He asked me if I could see map on the wall.,that,3. “Do you like these toys?” Jane asked us.,Jane asked us if we liked toys.,those,4. “Bring those balls to me.” said my sister.,My sister asked us to bring balls to her.,those,5、I sa

12、id, “She will come here.” I said that she would .,6、She said, “I live in Shanghai now.” She said that I lived in Shanghai . 7. He said， “You can come to my home tonight.” He said that I could _ to his home _ _ . .8.She said, “ We will leave tomorrow.” She said that they would leave _ _ _ .,go there,

13、then,go,that,night,the next,day,直接引语变间接引语可分为三大类：,1）直接引语为陈述句,2）直接引语为疑问句(一般疑问句和特殊疑 问句）,3)直接引语为祈使句,4、句型的变化,直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时， 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的say, 也可用tell来代替，注意，可以说say that, tell sb. that，不可直接说tell that,1)、陈述句,e.g. He often says,“China is great.” He often says (that) China is grea

14、t. Tom says,“I am a student.” Tom says (that) he is a student.,He says,“I leave my book in your room” He said (that) he left his book in your room.,2. 直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问语序改为陈述语序。即主语在前，谓语动词在后 1）一般疑问句。用whether或if(是否）引导。主句中的动词是said时改为asked，没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语me/him /her。 Eg. Hesaid,“Areyouastudent?”

15、,Heasked mewhether /if Iwasastudent.,陈述语序,注意：在直接与or not连用，在动词不定式前，作介词或动词discuss， decide等的宾语时，只能用whether, 而不能用if.,疑问语序,2) 特殊疑问句:由直接引语变为间接引语时, 仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问语序改为陈述语序。 Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatherasked hisson. Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”,The policeman asked the small boy

16、 where he lived.,Father asked his son where he was going,疑问语序,陈述语序,疑问语序,陈述语序,3)、祈使句,(1) 一般情况下可以用tell (order 等) sb to do sth的结构 eg. Mother said to Tom, “Go and wash your hands.” Mother told Tom to go and wash his hands. (2)直接引语中含有please,变为间接引语时，一般用ask sb to do sth的结构。 Eg. She said to us, “Please have

17、 a rest.” She asked us to have a rest. (3) 转述否定的祈使句要用tell (ask/order等）sb not to do sth的结 构。 Eg. The teacher said to the students, “Dont make any noise.” The teacher told the students not to make any noise.,Exercises,1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he l

18、ookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat day,2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow,3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long wa

19、y this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. I had walkedthat week he had walkedthat week I walkedlast week he has walkedthis week,4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he woul

20、d the next day,5. They said to us, “Are you afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat,6. Jane said, “What did he hear about two weeks ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he heardtwo weeks ago B. what he had heardtwo weeks before C. what he had heard two weeks ago D. if he heardtwo weeks