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新概念 英语 第二 笔记 37

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Lesson 37 The Olympic Games奥林匹克运动会 When was the last time this country hosted the Olympic Games? The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years time. As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called Olympic City. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium. The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. 参考译文 4年以后，奥林匹克运动会将在我们国家举行。由于将有大批的人到我们国家来，所以政府准备建造一些新的饭店、一个大型体育场和一个新的奥运会标准游泳池。他们还将修筑一些新的道路和一条铁路专线。奥运会就在首都市郊举办，整个地区将被称作“奥林匹克城”。工人们将在今年年底前把新路铺好；到明年年底，他们将把新体育场建成。这些巨大的现代化建筑是由库尔特.冈特设计的。大家都将急切地注视着新建筑的建成。我们都非常激动，盼望着奥运会的到来，因为在这个国家里还从未举办过奥运会。 【New words and expressions】（9） 1 Olympic[əlimpik] a.奥林匹克的 2 hold[həuld] v.召开 3 government[gʌvənmənt] n.政府 4 immense[imens] a.巨大的 5stadium[steidiəm] n.露天体育场 6 standard[stndəd] n.标准 7 capital [kpitl] n.首都 8 fantastic[fntstik] a.巨大的 9 design [dizain] v.设计 一．单词讲解 Olympic adj．奥林匹克竞赛的 the Olympic fire奧林匹克圣火 the Olympic Games/the Olympics奧林匹克运动会 hold-held-held 1) conduct举行，进行 例: The Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. 奥运会将在2008年在北京召开 A meeting was held here yesterday． 昨天一个会议被召开了。 2)observe，celebrate庆祝，过（节日，生日，周年） 例: Do you hold Christmas in your country? 你们国家庆祝圣诞节吗？ 3)take and keep/grab/seize/catch抓住，握住 hold my hand抓住我的手 take hold of...．catch hold of... get hold of... 抓住... 例: l threw the rope and he caught hold of it. 我扔出了绳了，他抓住了它。 4) contain容纳 have enough space for sb/sth 例: My brain cannot hold so much information at one time． 我的大脑一下子不能容纳这么多信息。 The auditorium can hold l, 000 people 这个礼堂能够容纳1000人 5)坚持 例：Hold on! 坚持住！ Stick to it! 坚持住！ Never say die！ 永不言败！ Never give up! 永不放弃！ Never lose heart! 永不要灰心丧气！ Hold the line, please． 请稍等，不要挂断电话。 Hold it! 别挂断！ Hold on a minute，please !请稍等（不要挂断电话）。 government n．政府 govern v．治理（国家，国民），统治，管理，抑制 例: The mayor governed the city very wisely. 这个市长很好的治理这个城市。 govern the people 统治人民 govern a school 管理一所学校 govern one s temper 抑制某人的脾气 government n． 政治，政府 government of the people, by the people and for the people 民有， 民治，民享的政治 the local government 地方政府： governor n．州长（美）：总督，总裁，管理者（-英） Run for Governor-by Mark Twain竞选州长 the board of governors 董／理事会 the governor of the prison 监狱长 stadium n．露大体育场 a baseball stadium 棒球馆 a swimming stadium 游泳馆 an indoor stadium 室内游泳馆 the Olympic stadium 奥林匹克运动场 gymnasium．健身房，室内体育馆gym gymnasia(pl) capital 1) n．首都，省会 例: London, Paris and Rome are capital cities. 伦敦、巴黎以及罗马都是首都城市。 Paris is the capital of France． 巴黎是法国的首都。 2) n．大写字母capital letter write in capitals用大写字母来书写 例: Begin your sentence with a capital. 用大写字母开始句首。 3) n．资本，资金 capitalism 资本主义 capitalist 资本家 set up a business with a capital starting of ￡lOO, OOO. 以十万英镑的起始资金创办公司。 fixed capital固定资本 circulating capital流动资本 capital and interest资本及利息 4) adj.致命的，可处死刑的 capital punishment 死刑 a capital blunder 大错误 standard 1)adj.标准的，一般的 standard English 标准的英语 a car of the standard size标准大小的汽车 2) adj．极佳的，一流的 a standard composer一流的作曲家 3)n．标准，水准，模范，规范 living standard生活水准 the standard of living生活水准 moral standard 道德标准 criterion n．标准，尺度 criteria pl. 例: His work was below the required standard. 他的工作低于要求的标准。 standard time标准时间 （以格林尼治标准时间为基准，在某个地区或国家采用的时间） fantastic /immense adj．巨大的 big大的反义词small小的 large（宽度，数量上）大的 huge巨大的，极大地very large in size or amount , enormous vast: very large in area, size, quantity or degree （面积，体积，数量，程度）巨大的 immense：extremely large 巨大的，非常大的 fantastic （口）巨大的 enormous: very large， immense 巨大的， 极大的 tremendous: very great 巨大的，极大的 giant n．巨人 巨物 adj.巨大的 gigantic adj. 巨大的 of very great size or extent, immense titanic 巨大的 fantastic 1)adj．巨大的 2)adj. （口）极好的，美妙的，很棒的 例： The night view of the bay is even more fantastic. 海湾的夜景甚至更美。 design l)v．设计，拟订 例: She designs dresses for the singer. 她为那个歌星设计的衣服。 He designed a plot for his new novel. 他为新的小说设计情节。 design a perfect crime 筹划一个天衣无缝的犯罪 The house is designed for a large family. 这个房子是为人口多的家庭设计的。 designer n. 设计师 2)V．图样，设计（图） a design for a dress -条裙子的图样 a school of dress design 服装设计学校 draft a design for a building 画建筑的设计图[dra:ft] 例: The machine is of very poor design. 这个机器设计极其的糟糕。 二、关键句型Key structures 将来完成时 一般将来时：will + do 现在完成时：have/has 过去分词 将來完成时：will(shall)have +v．- ed 农将來某时会完成的事情并往往对将来某时间产生影响，常常与表将来的时间状语连用。区别： 一般将来时间状语连用。区别： 一般将来时时将要发生的事。 例: I shall have finished this book before lunch. 在午饭之前我将要看完这本书。 Theyll have hit the year s target by the end of October. 到十月底为止，他们已经完成这本书了。 When we get there they ll probably have left. 他们可能已经走了。 By this time next year we ll have turned all the land into rice fields. 到明年这个时候为止，我们已经把稻田变成了田地。 He will have moved to a new flat in two months time. 两个月之后，他将已经搬进新的公寓了。 三、课文讲解Text The Olympic Games will be held in our country in four years time. game n． [c] form of play or sport with rules a game of cards纸牌游戏 例: Playing house is one of the favorite games of children. 玩过家家是孩子们最喜欢的游戏。 games运动会 (pl.) the Games （国际）体育比赛 international athletic contests 国际性比赛 the Olympic Games 奧林匹克运动会 play a cat-and-mouse game with sb 欲擒故纵 the luck of the game 手气 in 4 years time= in four years 四年之后 此句为被动语态，主动语态是 We will hold the Olympic Games in our country in four years time．四年之后，将在我国召开运动会。 As a great many people will be visiting the country, the government will be building new hotels, an immense stadium, and a new Olympic-standard swimming pool. a great many +pl． 许多 a good many十pl. a large number of+ pl. many a + single n. （谓语用单数） They will also be building new roads and a special railway line. The Games will be held just outside the capital and the whole area will be called Olympic City. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. By the end of the Year 到今年年底为止 in the end 最后 at last 最后 finally 最后 at the end of+时间／地点 at the end of this month 这个月月底 at the end of this road 这个路的尽头 by the end of 与完成时连用 By the end of next year, they will have finished work on the new stadium．The fantastic modern buildings have been designed by Kr Kurt Gunter. Everybody will be watching anxiously as the new buildings go up. go up mushroom up如雨后春笋般越来越多 例: New buildings mushroom up. 新的建筑物像雨后春笋一般耸立起来。 We are all very excited and are looking forward to the Olympic Games because they have never been held before in this country. look forward to ( prep) + n. /doing/pron. 渴望，盼望（常用进行时态） be eager to do sth 热切的盼望做某事 be eager for sth 热切的期望着什么 long to do sth渴望做某事 long for sth 渴望着什么东西 例：I am looking forward to your letter.我期待着你的信。 I am looking forward to seeing you again. 我渴望着再次见到你。 look 1)n．神情，表情 good looking 好看的 common looking 长相普通的 ordinary-looking 长相普通的 have a look at 看一眼 2) vi. look at 看… look for 寻找 look after 照顾 look into像…里面看：调查，研究 look on 旁观 look through 透过一看；快速浏览 look over 反反复复地看 look back 回顾 look back the past look forward 向前看，展望；渴望 look out 小心 例：Look out! A bus is coming． 小心，公共汽车来了。 look up查字典；拜访；抬起头，仰视 例: I don t understand this word, I shall look it up in a dictionary. 我不明白这个词，应该在字典里查一下。 Don t forget to look me up when you return. 等你回来的时候不要忘了来看看我。 He did not look up from his desk when I entered his office. 当我进入办公室的时候，他甚至没有从办公桌上抬起头来。 put take get set look have 万能词： Words have no meanings; people have meanings for words 词是没有含义的，人们为此赋了含义。 四、练习Exercises 1. Workers will have completed the new roads by the end of this year. They ___. A. have already finished B. haven’ t finished yet C. finished long time ago D. are finishing now 工人们将在今年年底将公路铺好，他们还没有完成。 分析： A．已经完成了； C．很久前完成的：D．正在完成； B．还没有完成。 答案是B 2. By the end of next year they will have finished the new stadium. This means they will finish it the ____ end of next year． A. at B. before C. after D. long before 到明年年底之前他们将建成体育馆。 分析： A正好往年底，时间人精确了： C．往年底之后，含义不恰当： D．年底之前很长…段时间，也不相当于by the end of next year 答案是B 3. A motorway is a___. A. street B. road C. avenue D. high street 高速公路是一条道路。 分析： A．街道； C．城市里的大街；D．市镇的主要街道； B．路，同motorway（高速公路）的含义是最接近的 4. It does not alter the fact that he was the man ____ for the death of the little girl. A. accounting B. guilty C. responsible D. obliged 这不能改变这个事实，对这个小女孩的死负责。 分析： A．解释； account for D．迫使，一般用法为“be obliged to do sth”被迫做某事； B．有罪的，与本句意思符合，但guilty –般和of搭配； C．对…负责，含义最为恰当，语法也正确。 答案是C 六、补充内容 谚语 1. Death comes to us all. Old age comes to us all. 人总要死的；人总要年老的。 2．Diamond cut diamond．棋逢对手，势均力敌。

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