高中英语语法冠词讲解-简单

1、年级 高二 班级 学生姓名 科目：英 语 制作人： 张亚辉 教导处审批 冠词一、 复习目标1. 我能掌握冠词在高考中的考点2. 我能很好运用冠词考纲分布能在具体语境中熟练运用冠词表示泛指、类别和特指的基本用法，以及冠词的活用和在固定搭配、习惯用语中的用法。命题趋势高考对冠词的考察会成为语法填空题的重点：1. 语法填空题中冠词的考查将集中在冠词的基本用法和活用两方面，既考查一般规则，也考查特殊现象2. 在语法填空题中对冠词进行考查时，不给出提示词二、Self-learning guidance and tests1. 知识要点导图 概念：位于名词前，用以说明该名词的含义 冠词的类别：定冠词，不定

2、冠词，零冠词 用于可数名词前表示“某一”不定冠词a（an）的用法 用于表示一场，一种等意义的某些抽象名词前 用在不确定的单数人名和地名前 用于“so/how/too+adj.+a(n)+n.”等固定搭配中 用于某些固定搭配中冠词 用于特指双方都明白的人或物 定冠词the的用法 用于序数词、最高级等前 表示特指 特指独一无二的事物 专有名词前、乐器、方位、年代前 用于某些习惯或固定搭配中月份，季节，节假日前一日三餐，头衔，职位，呼语等学科。运动项目等某些专有名词前固定搭配及其他用法 零冠词的用法 2. 复习知识梳理与检测Self-learning and guidance名词是“秃子”，常要戴帽

3、子可数名词单数，须用a或an辅音前用a，元音前用an若为特指时，则需用定冠复数不可数，泛指the不见碰到代词时，冠词均不见巧学冠词基本用法口诀 知识1. 冠词类指1. the+单数名词，强调整个类别2. a/an+单数名词，强调类别中的任何一个个体3. 零冠词+不可数名词，表抽象概念零冠词+复数名词强调类别中的许多个体4.the+形容词指一类人或物，作主语指人时视为复数意义，指事物时视为单数意义用冠词填空，体会冠词的类指1. No one knows exactly when_wheel is invented.2. In China,_bicycle is still a popular m

4、eans of transportation.3. In the aging society,_old man needs as much love and affection as _child. 4. _students are heavily burdened in China.5. The beautiful _(be)not always the same as the good.6. After the accident,the injured on the bus _(send)to the nearest hospital.知识点2.不定冠词a/an的用法1. 泛指一类人或物，

5、如给事物下定义时2. 第一次提及某人或某物3. 表泛指，表示数量“一”或“每一”，相当于one，every,per时4. an+元音音素开头的名词；a+辅音音素开头的词解题窍门：1.区分可数名词和不可数名词，根据句意判断泛指，特指还是类指2. 记住不定冠词和定冠词的区基本区别3. 在语境中灵活运用1. -Have you heard of the “Chinese Dream”?-Yeah!It is _dream to improve peoples well-being and _dream of harmony,peace and development.2. -We are said

6、to be living in _Information Age,_time of new discoveries and great changes.-So it is.It is difficult to keep in _fashion.3. It was _cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _night sky.4. Experts think that _recently discovered painting may be _Picasso. 知识点3 定冠词the的用法1. 特指双方都知道或上文提

7、到的2. 用在姓氏复数前，表示一家人或夫妇俩3. 用在序数词，形容词最高级或very/only/same前4. 指世界上独一无二的食物5. 用在表示海洋，河流，湖泊，山脉，群岛及国家和党派名词前6. 用在年代，朝代名词及逢十的数词（某个年代）1. -Hurry up！_Smiths are arriving here!-Ill arrange for_Jack to welcome them at once.2. As is known to all,_Peoples Republic of China is _biggest developing country in the world.3

8、. -How wet the air is here!-Not surprising!This area experienced_heaviest rainfall in _month of May.4.Marco Polo is said to have saild on _pacific Ocean on his way to Java in _thirteenth century.知识点4 零冠词的用法1. 不可数名词和复数名词表泛指，用零冠词2. 月，季节，星期，节假，洲；三餐，球类，惯用语；学科，棋类等用零冠词3. 称呼头衔的名词作表语，同位语，补足语时用零冠词4. 牢记高考中常见的

9、纯不可数名词，如：weather，fun，space,advice,word=news,progress,information,furniture,equipment等1. -Do you know the history of India?-Just a little.It attained _independence in 1947 after _Long struggle.2. -Where do you often stay while traveling.-We dont usually like staying at _hotels,but last summer we spen

10、t a few days at a very nice hotel by _sea.3.-Dr Peter Spence,_headmaster of the school,told us,”_fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”自主纠错提升练习1（2012安徽高考）Carl is studying _ food science at college and hopes to open up _ meat processing factory of his own one day.2(2011山东高考)Tak

11、e your time-its just _short distance from here to_ restaurant.3(2012山东高考)Being able to afford _ drink would be _comfort in those tough times.4.（四川高考）In order to find_ better job,he decided to study second foreign language.5.（安徽高考）We can never expect_ bluer sky unless we create less polluted world.6.

12、(14.江西)They chose Tom to be _captain of the team because they know he was _smart leader.7.(14,广东)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _top floor.8.(2014.陕西)_village where I was born has grown into _town.9.(2014.重庆)I cant tell you _way to the Wilsons because we dont have _Wi

13、lson here in the village.10.(2014.浙江)People develop _preference for a particular style of learning at_early age and these preferences affect learning.11.(2014江西)Animals are obviously _lower form of life than _man.12.(2012课标)He missed _gold in the light jump ,but will get _second chance in the long j

14、ump.14(2012重庆)Sam has been appointed _manager of the engineering department to take _place of George.They自主纠错提升练习答案与解析1A解析：句意：卡尔正在大学学习食品科学，并希望有一天能够开办一家他自己的肉类加工厂。第一个空后的中心词SCIence为表示抽象概念的名词，其前不用冠词。第一个空后若为science of food，则为特指，其前用定冠词the。第二个空后中心词为factory，为可数名词，根据咀知此处表示泛指，使用不定冠词。故选A。2.D解析：句意：专家们认为近来发现的那幅画

15、可能是毕加索的作品。句中painting前有修饰语recently discovered，所以此处的painting是特指，故其前用定冠词the,第二个空后的Picasso本来是专有名词，指“毕加索”其人，但是在本句具体语境中，它指的是“一部毕加索的作品”，所以其前用不定冠词a，这实际上是专有名词具体化的使用。3B解析：句意：别着急从这儿到那家餐馆只是很短的一段距离。根据句意可知，此处distance是指具体的一段距离，是可数名词，且其前有形容词修饰，故应用a；而此处的restaurant是指双方都知道的事物，故用定冠词the。4B解析：题干的意思是：在那些艰苦的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料都会是一件令人安慰的事。本题考生很容易误选C项，认为comfort“安慰”是不可数名词，其实此处为抽象名词的具体化，a comfort意为“令人感到安慰的一个人或一件事”；a drink意为“一杯饮料”，故B项正确。5.B解析：句意：为了找一份更好的工作。他决定再学习一门