现在完成时.ppt

1、Present perfect tense,Ive just eaten it. Youve changed. Have you seen my food? Most of my old friends have moved away. Has the town changed a lot over the years? Weve lived in this area since then. The government has turned part of the town centre into a new park. 8.It has become impossible for us t

2、o see each other as often as before.,present perfect tense,基本结构：have/has + done,肯定句：I have finished my homework since 2 hours ago. 否定句： 一般疑问句： 特殊疑问句：,I have not finished my homework since 2 hours ago. I havent finished my homework since 2 hours ago.,Have you finished your homework since 2 hours ago?

3、,Yes, I have. No, I havent.,How long have you finished your homework?,Youve changed. Have you seen my food? Most of my old friends have moved away. Has the town changed a lot over the years? Weve lived in this area since then. The government has turned part of the town centre into a new park.,1. 规则动

4、词：与过去时变化相同。 (1) 一般+-ed work-worked-worked (2) 以“ e ”结尾, + - d 。 live-lived -lived (3) “辅音字母 + y” 结尾，y 变 i, + -ed。 cry-cried-cried (4) 重读闭音节结尾(辅元辅)，双写后+-ed 。 drop-dropped-dropped 2 、不规则动词，见不规则表（p122）,动词过去分词 (pp)变化规则,1. 表示一个从过去开始，一直持续到现在的动作。,二 含义及用法,Mr. Chen has lived in Sunshine Town since he was bor

5、n. We have studied in Qiuzhen Middle School for two years.,2 表示过去发生的和现在仍有关系的动作。,Eddie has just eaten Hobos food. (Hobo has nothing to eat.) I have already finished my homework. (I can play computer games/ watch TV.) We have not seen the film yet. (We will see the film someday.),3 表示动作到现在已经发生多少次了。,I

6、have never been to Beijing before. I have already read this book twice/many times . Have you ever moved house?,常用的关键词,yet(否/疑), already 已经 ever/never 曾经/从来不 just 刚刚 before 以前 recently, lately 最近 in/during the past/last 5 years 过去五年 by now, so far, up to now, till now 迄今 once, twice 一次 all/in ones li

7、fe 某人一生,（1）already,肯定句: “己经”,Ive already had breakfast. (更常见) = Ive had breakfast already.,注: 有already的句子在时态上并不都是现在完成时,判断时要看该词后是否有动词的过去分词. Eg. Shes already eighty years old. It was already very late.,(2) yet,否定句:句末 “还(没)”,疑问句: 句末 “己经”,Have you had breakfast yet?,I havent had breakfast yet.,注意：当在肯定句中

8、含already或just，变否定时，在句末加yet。,I havent seen the film yet., Mother has just cleaned the house.,Mother hasnt cleaned the house yet., I have already seen the film.,(3) ever,肯定句/疑问句 : 句中 “曾经”,Ive ever been to Beijing. Have you ever been to Beijing?,(4) never,否定句: 句中 “从来没有” Ive never been to Beijing.,注: 带e

9、ver的肯定句变否定句时, 将ever变never,He has ever made meal.,Have they ever travelled by train? No, never.,He has never made meal.,带ever的一般疑问句作否定回答时可用“No, never.”,(5) just,用于句中, 表示“刚刚” Ive just had breakfast. What have they just done?,(6) before,用于句末, 表示“以前” Ive seen it before. Has she ridden a bike before ?,A:

10、 _ your brother _ a new watch? (buy ) B: Not yet.,Key words,Has bought,yet,A: _ you ever _ to the park? ( be ) B: Yes, I have.,Key words,Have been,yet,ever,I _ never _ of anything like that. (hear ),Key words,have heard,yet,ever,never,Tom _ in the factory since he left school ten years ago. (work ),

11、Key words,has worked,yet,ever,never,since,A: How long _ you _ in this school? (teach ) B: For 6 years.,Key words,have taught,yet,ever,never,since,for,I _ just _ the desk, you can take it to your classroom . (mend ),Key words,have mended,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,_ you _ the Forbidden City (紫禁城)

12、before ? (visit ),Key words,Have visited,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,He _ already _ a job. (find),Key words,has found,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,We _ only _ the first five questions so far. (discuss ),Key words,have discussed,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so

13、 far,They _over 20,000 fruit trees up to now . (plant ),Key words,have planted,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,up to now,Great changes _ in Beijing in the past 10 years. (take place ),Key words,have taken place,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,up to now,in the

14、past 10 years,He _ a lot of good things in his life. (do ),Key words,has done,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,up to now,in the past 10 years,in his life,I _ her lately. ( not see ),Key words,havent seen,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,up to now,in the past 10

15、years,in his life,lately,I _ him recently. (not hear from ),Key words,havent heard from,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,up to now,in the past 10 years,in his life,lately,recently,He _ in this city ever since then. (live ),Key words,has lived,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,a

16、lready,so far,up to now,in the past 10 years,in his life,lately,recently,ever since then,He _ in this high school till now. (teach ),Key words,has taught,yet,ever,never,since,for,just,before,already,so far,up to now,in the past 10 years,in his life,lately,recently,ever since then,till now,Millie has

17、 studied English for 6 years. Linda has been a teacher for 20 years. Ive lived here since I was born. Eddie and Hobo have been friends since 2012. Eddie and Hobo have been friends since two years ago.,通常和for或since引导的时间状语连用。,（1）for +,I have been here for 5 weeks. Hes studied English for 3 years. She

18、has worked for 10 hours.,一段时间,（2）since +,(过去的)时间点/ 从句,I have been here since 2000. He has worked as a teacher since 5 years ago. Theyve lived in Nangjing since they got married in 2000.,for 和since的转换：,He has worked as a teacher since 5 years ago. =He has worked as a teacher for 5 years. I have been

19、here for 5 weeks. =I have been here since 5 weeks ago.,I have studied in Qiuzhen Middle School since 2012. The twins have worked here for 10 months.,have/has gone to:已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；(去了未回来) have/has been to:曾今去过某地，现在已经回来了，后面可接表示“次数”的状语； (去了已回来),can you distinguish?,have/has been to,have/has gone to,h

20、as gone to,have gone to,have been to,been to,been to,has been,Exercises,Tom 在哪儿？ 他去书店买书了。 Jack 去过上海两次了,-Where is Tom? -He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.,Jack has been to Shanghai twice.,短暂性动词与延续动词间的转换,短暂性(短动词)动词不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性(长动词)动词.,I have bought this dress since last

21、year. He has borrowed these books for two weeks.,Please point out any mistakes and correct,She has bought the computer for two years.,had,Please point out any mistakes and correct,How long have you come to the United States？,been in,Please point out any mistakes and correct,Ann has gone to China sin

22、ce three months ago.,been in,Please point out any mistakes and correct,I have got to Paris for one week .,been in,Please point out any mistakes and correct,My brother has joined the army for five years.,been in,been a member of,Please point out any mistakes and correct,I have left Shanghai for 3 day

23、s.,been away for 3 days.,Please point out any mistakes and correct,I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago .,kept,Please point out any mistakes and correct,The film has begun for 10 minutes.,been on,Please point out any mistakes and correct,The concert has finished for half an hour.,been ove

24、r,Please point out any mistakes and correct,His dog has died for two years .,been dead,Please point out any mistakes and correct,She has married for six years .,been married,leave- come/go (to) - arrive (at/in)- get (to)- reach- buy- borrow- finish-,join- start/begin- die- close- open- return- marry

25、- become-,be away (from),be (in/at),be (in/at),be (in/at),be (in/at),have,keep,be over,be in/be a/an,be on,be dead,be closed,be open,be back,be married,be,eg. a. He has borrowed my English book for two days. (F) b. He has kept my English book for two days. (T ) a. I have bought the new dress since l

26、ast month. (F) b. I have had the new dress since last month. (T) a. They have left for half an hour. You should come earlier. (F) b. They have been away for half an hour. You should come earlier. (T),a. How long has the film begin? (F) b. How long has the film been on? (T) a. He is an unlucky boy. H

27、is mother has died for several years. (F) b. He is an unlucky boy. His mother has been dead for several years. (T) a. He has joined the League since he came to the school. (F) b. He has been a member of the League since he came to the school. (T),（误）He has left Beijing since last week.,(正) He Has be

28、en away from Beijing since last week.,He hasnt left Beijing since last week.,它的否定式可以跟段时间状语连用.,Tom has left Beijing. He has borrowed a pen from me. Tom hasnt left Beijing since he came to this city in 2004. They havent bought any new house since they moved to Shanghai. She hasnt bought any new clothe

29、s for a year.,四 特殊句型 1. It is/has been +一段时间+since+句子(一般过去时) =一段时间+has passed +since + 句子(一般过去时),e.g. It is five years since I joined the army. =Five years has passed since I joined the army.,这本书我借了一个月了。,I borrowed this book a month ago. (一般过去时),It is/ has been a month since I borrowed the book. (句型

30、1 its/been +时间 since + 一般过去),I have kept the book for a month. /since a month ago. (现在完成时),A month has passed since I borrowed the book. (句型2 时间+ passed since+ 一般过去时),2. 被形容词最高级所修饰的名词后的定语从句(that 引导)中，一般用现在完成时态。,This is the most delicious food (that) Ive ever eaten. 这是我所吃过的最美味的食物。 She is the most bea

31、utiful girl (that) Ive ever seen. 她是我见过的最美丽的姑娘,3. It is the first / second time+现在完成时 This is +the最高级+名词+that+现在完成时,This is the first time (that) Ive heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 It is the first time that I have seen such a beautiful girl It was the third time that the boy has been late. This is the

32、best film that Ive (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。,典型例题(1) -Do you know our town at all? -No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming (2) -Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here.A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come,Correcting,1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months. 2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18.