2019中考英语二轮复习语法突破二代词考点剖析讲义五四制.docx

五四语法二 代词语法考点剖析考点一 人称代词1.人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格既可在句中作动词和介词的宾语，也可以在系动词之后作表语。He knew where I was going.他知道我要去哪里。I teach them English.我教他们英语。The little girl in the picture is me.照片里的小女孩是我。2单数人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为第二人称、第三人称、第一人称，即you, he/she and I; 复数人称代词并列作主语时，排列顺序为第一人称、第二人称、第三人称，即we, you and they。单项选择1(2018上海中考)My father is a good doctor. works hard to help his patients.AHe BHimCHis DHimself2(2018北京中考)My brother and I like football. play it together once a week.AI BThey CWe DYou3(2018江苏扬州中考)Who is the lady in red?Miss Gao. She teaches English.Awe Bus Cour Dours考点二 物主代词1.形容词性物主代词不单独使用；名词性物主代词用来代替前面已经提到的名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”。Is this your bike？这是你的自行车吗？ No, its her bike. Mine(My bike) is under the tree.不是，是她的自行车。我的(自行车)在树下。2名词性物主代词可以与of连用作定语。He is a friend of hers.他是她的一个朋友。单项选择1(2018河北中考)Please come in, Alice. Welcome to house.Aher Bhis Cmy Dyour 2(2018重庆中考A卷)Im surprised at the new look of hometown.AI Bme Cmy Dmine3(2018江苏南京中考)The schools in Qinhuai District will develop the museum courses suitable for children during school time.Athey Btheir Cthem Dtheirs4(2018四川乐山中考)The sunglasses on your desk are nice. Are they ？Yes, I got them from my parents as a birthday present.Ayours ByourCyourself Dyou考点三 反身代词1.反身代词可以作宾语、表语和同位语，不能单独作主语和定语。2反身代词的常用搭配：teach oneselflearn by oneself自学enjoy oneself过得愉快by oneself亲自help oneself to随便吃dress oneself自己穿衣服lose oneself in沉浸于；陶醉于Who taught your sister English？谁教你姐姐英语？Nobody. She taught herself.没有人教她。她自学的。Did you enjoy yourselves in the party？你们在聚会上玩得开心吗？Girls, come here and help yourselves to some fruit.女孩们，过来随便吃些水果吧。总表： 性质数主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词单数Imemyminemyselfyouyouyouryoursyourselfhehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself复数weusouroursourselvesyouyouyouryoursyourselvestheythemtheirtheirsthemselves单项选择1(2018天津中考)She is too busy to help us finish the work.Lets do it Aherself BmyselfCitself Dourselves2(2018贵州中考)Welcome you all to China and enjoy here.Ayourself ByourselvesCthemselves Dhimself考点四 指示代词1this和these用于指距离较近的事物或人，that和those用于指较远的事物或人。This picture is clear and that picture is not clear.这张图画很清楚，而那张图画不清楚。These are your books. They are here.这些是你的书，它们在这儿。Those are my books. They are over there.那些是我的书，它们在那儿。2打电话时用that问对方是谁，用this做自我介绍。This is Mary speaking. Whos that？我是玛丽，你是谁？3that/those指代上文提到的名词。The weather in Hangzhou is much warmer than that in Harbin in winter.杭州冬天的天气比哈尔滨的天气暖和多了。(that指代the weather，避免重复)单项选择(2018贵州安顺中考)Mr. Han, how is the weather in Anshun now, please?Actually, it is cooler than in Guiyang.Ait Bthat Cthis Dthose考点五 不定代词1some与anysome与any均表示“一些”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词some一般用于肯定句中，若要表示说话人希望得到肯定回答或表示请求、建议，应用some any多用于疑问句、否定句和条件句；any用于肯定句中，意为“任何一个”Would you like some coffee？你想要些咖啡吗？Yes, please.好的，谢谢。There arent any students in the classroom.教室里没有学生。2each与everyeachevery可以单独使用不可单独使用着重个别着重全体可以与of连用不可以与of连用指两者或两者以上中的每一个指三者或三者以上中的每一个不可以与not连用与not连用时，表示部分否定3.either与 neithereither指两个人或物中的一个；作主语时谓语动词用单数neither指两个人或物中的一个也不；作主语时谓语动词用单数There are many trees on either side of the street.在大街的两边有很多树。Neither of the books is good.这两本书都不好。4both与allboth两者都否定词neitherall三者及三者以上全都否定词none短语both. and.意为“和都”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。on both sideson each/either side在两旁There are many tall trees on either side of the road.道路两边有许多高大的树木。两词在句中放在实义动词前，助动词、系动词、情态动词后，也可与of连用后接主语。We are both students, and both of us like sports.我们俩都是学生，也都喜欢运动。You can both swim, cant you？你们俩都会游泳，对吗？5a little, little, a few, few的区别肯定意义否定意义后接名词a littlelittle不可数名词a fewfew可数名词复数There is a little water in the bottle.瓶子里有一点水。There is little water in the bottle.瓶子里几乎没有水。He has a few friends.他有几个朋友。He has few friends.他几乎没有朋友。a little, little可以用作副词。在反义疑问句中，little和few的附加疑问句部分用肯定形式。6other, the other, another, others, the others单词词义用法other其他的后接单数或复数名词the other两个人或物中的另一个常构成one., theother.another另一个后接单数名词或“数字复数名词”others另外的人或物是other的复数形式the others其他所有相当于the rest或“the other名词复数”7.复合不定代词somebody某人anybody任何人nobody没有人everybody每个人someone某人anyone任何人no one没有人everyone每人something某事anything任何事nothing没有东西everything每件事复合不定代词的用法基本与some, any一致。修饰复合不定代词的形容词要后置。 I have something interesting to tell you.我有些有趣的事情要告诉你。8much与manymuch与many都表示“很多，许多”，在句中可以作主语、宾语和定语much修饰不可数名词many修饰可数名词单项选择1(2018湖北黄冈中考)Did Qingdao show to the world during the SCO Summit (上海合作组织峰会)?Sure! Her beauty, high technology and rapid development.Asomething special Banything special Cspecial something Dspecial anything2(2018湖北武汉中考)Do you know where the last two Pictures went?A millionaire bought of them. He thought they were worth.Aeither BeachCnone Dboth3(2018浙江温州中考)Do you like rock music or light music? . I like Beijing Opera.AEither BNoneCBoth DNeither4(2018湖北随州中考)Im worried about tomorrows talent show.Be confident! If you dont believe in yourself, will.Anobody BanybodyCeverybody Dsomebody5(2018上海中考)Catherine has two cousins. One is quiet, and is noisy.Aanother Bthe otherCother Dothers考点六 疑问代词疑问代词有what, who, whom, whose, which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首。Whats your name？你叫什么名字？注意疑问代词构成的一些固定句式，如What does sb. look like?单词词义用法who谁作主语、表语、宾语whom谁作宾语，是who的宾格whose谁的作定语、主语、表语、宾语，是who的所有格形式what什么作主语、表语、宾语、定语which哪个作主语、表语、宾语、定语单项选择1(2018江苏盐城中考) do you plan to buy?I havent made up my mind. Ill just look around.AWho BHowCWhy DWhat2(2018黑龙江哈尔滨中考改编)Qingdao is a beautiful city Ive ever been to.So it is. Many international meetings are held there every year.Awhose BwhichCwhat Dwho考点七 it的用法1特指上文提到的事物。Wheres your office？你的办公室在哪里？Its on the third floor.在三楼。2指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人。Who is the person over there？在那儿的人是谁？It may be the headmaster.可能是校长。3指天气、时间、距离等。Its about eight oclock.大约8点了。4在固定句型中作形式主语。It isadj.(for sb.) to do sth.做某事(对某人来说)是It isadj.(of sb.) to do sth.(某人)这么做真是太Its ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事Its time (for sb.) to do sth.是(某人)做某事的时候了Its said/believed/reported that.据说/人们认为/据报道It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人花费多少时间做某事It is/has been时间段since从句(过去时)自从以来，已经有时间了5作形式宾语。I found it important to learn English well.我发现学好英语很重要。单项选择1(2018四川凉山中考)I cant find my English book. Have you seen ？Oh, sorry. I have taken by mistake.Athem; my Bthem; yourCit; mine Dit; yours2(2018四川眉山中考)We find impossible for us a foreign language well in a short time.Aone; learn Bit; to learnCthat; to learn Dthis; learning考点八 one的用法one指代可数名词，既可指人，也可指物。它既可以单独使用，也可以放在单数可数名词前作定语。1单独使用时，泛指“人” “一个人” “人们”。One should do ones best all the time.一个人无论何时都应尽自己最大努