SectionA4课件(新版)人教新目标版

SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!九年级(全)SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit1Wordsreview幻灯片上单词出现时，同学应迅速读出该单词并说出意思，说不出时，可有5秒钟的现场求救时间（向其他同学），每名同学接受求救不得超过3次。Wordsreview幻灯片上单词出现时，同学应迅速2mooncakelanternstrangerrelativeput

onpoundsteallay

out

laydessertgardenadmirewhoevergoddessfolktraditionmooncakelanternstrangerrelativ3IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Howfantasticthedragonboatteamswere!IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.Howprettythedragonboatswere.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.HowdeliciousthefoodisinHongKong!GrammarFocusIknowthattheWaterFestival41.that,if和whether引导的宾语从句Objectiveclauseswiththat,ifandwhetherExclamatorystatements2.感叹句1.that,if和whether引导的宾语从句Object5

名词性从句

nounclause

主语从句subjectclause

宾语从句objectclause

表语从句predicativeclause

同位语从句appositiveclause名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句6试比较：We

know

him．We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语主s谓v宾o简单句复合句1.什么是宾语从句？试比较：Weknowhim．Weknowhe7DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClausesDoyouknowwhoisthefirst8注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。e.g.1.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语9a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略.eg:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正10eg:Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthat

hewouldcomeontime.c.当that作介词except,in等宾语时e.g.Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.eg:Hetoldme（that）hewould112.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引导宾语从句表示“是否”if/whether可互换,但whether…ornot为固定搭配.2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iw121).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句eg:Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.注意：如果ornot放在whether所引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用区别a.当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句注意wheth13HeaskedmewhetherIwantedtogotherebytrainorbybus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。注：whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。c.在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用if替换whether。HeaskedmewhetherIwantedt14e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.e.g.HeaskedmewhetherI’dmovetoNewYorkifIgotthejob.d.虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句放在句首，此时只用whether不用if。e.句子中有if引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIam15Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedhelp.如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。Idon’tknowifitwon'traintomorrow.我不知道明天是不是会下雨。f.容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。g.如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。Pleaseletmeknowifyouneed162).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whethere.g.Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifference.3).Whether可以引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可以4).用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。2).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whether173.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.3.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?4.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,whic18当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.2.宾语从句中时态的变化当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句19HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Hesa20thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。thesunismuchbiggerthanth21主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的22DannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish.

Doyouknowwherehecamefrom?

PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation.无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。3.宾语从句的语序Dannysaysthathewilllearn23宾语从句三要素引导词that+陈述句

if／whether+一般疑问句

特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序从句客观真理时态不变从句可为任何时态宾语从句三要素引导词that+陈述句if／whether+24学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。宾语从句歌学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。宾语从句歌251.Tomsaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→3.Whereisthehospital?Hetoldme.→4.Whoboughtthepen?Hewondered.→Tomsaidthathewasreadingabook.Heasksmeif/whethertheyareplayingagame.HetoldmeWheretheHospitalwas.

Hewonderedwhoboughtthepen.1.Tomsaid.Heisreadingab26Whocananswerthequestion？Theteacherasked．→Theteacheraskedwhocouldanswerthequestion．

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?Eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Whocananswerthequestion？Th271.Theradiosaysit_______________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_________________(return)italready.willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedExercises1.Theradiosaysit_________285.Hesaidthatthey__________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey____________ateightlastnight.（do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_________fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_____________abouttherelayracenow.（talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters______from.(be)hadbeenweredoingtravelsaretalkingwere5.Hesaidthatthey_________291.Idon’tknow___________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow__________ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis__________thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhether用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow___________I’30所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。近年来，感叹句的构成及转换是中考常考的考点之一。感叹句一般由“what”和“how”来开头的句子“what”修饰名词，“how”修饰形容词和副词What和How引导的感叹句所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。近年来，感31AbeautifulflowerItisaverybeautifulflower.Whatabeautifulflower

itis!Abeautifulflower32AlovelycatItisalovelycat.Whata

lovelycatitis!AninterestingstorybookItisaninterestingstorybook.Whataninterestingstorybookitis!AlovelycatAninterest33DeliciouscakesTheyaredeliciouscakes.Whatdeliciouscakestheyare!BeautifulflowersTheyareverybeautifulflowers.Whatbeautifulflowers

theyare!DeliciouscakesBeautifulflowe34AprettygirlSheisaveryprettygirl.Whataprettygirlsheis!Simpleconclusion:What+a/an+adj.+n.+itis/sheis/heis…AprettygirlSheisaverypre35ExcitingpeopleThepeopleareexciting.Howexcitingthepeopleare!Simpleconclusion:How+adj.+the+n.+is/are!ExcitingpeopleHowexcitingt36What引导的感叹句"what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），名词前可有其它定语成份（即：形容词或冠词）。单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。What引导的感叹句"what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰37一般有三种形式，此时what为形容词，作定语，用来修饰它后面的名词或词组。1.what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！

What

aninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！

What

agoodgirlsheis!她是个多么好的一个女孩啊！一般有三种形式，此时what为形容词，作定382.what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！Whatbadweatherisit?多么糟糕的天气！3.what+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花啊！Whatgoodstudentstheyare!他们是多么好的学生啊！2.what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！39“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词。How引导的感叹句“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部40有三种结构形式。此时how是副词，用来修饰其后的形容词或副词，也可以修饰动词。1、How+形容词+主语+谓语！例如：Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！Howhotitistoday!今天多么热呀！有三种结构形式。此时how是副词，用来修412、How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：Howhappytheylook!他们显得多么高兴呀！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快呀！3、How+主语+谓语（陈述句）！例如：Howheloveshisson!他是多么的爱他的儿子！Howtimeflies!光阴似箭！2、How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：42表示同一意义时，感叹既可用“what”引导，也可用"how"引导①Whatahotdayitis!

Howhotthedayis!多么热的天气呀！②Whattallbuildingstheyare!

Howtallthebuildingsare!多么高的楼房呀！表示同一意义时，感叹既可用“what”引导，也可用"how43③Whatbadweatheritis!

Howbadtheweatheris!多么糟糕的天气呀！④Whatbrightsunshineitis!

Howbrightthesunshineis!多么明亮的阳光呀！③Whatbadweatheritis!44表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常省略其后面的主语和谓语①Whatafineday（itis）!多么晴朗的天呀！②Whatanhonestboy!多么诚实的孩子呀！③Whatredapples（theyare)!多么红的苹果呀！表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常省略其后面的主语和谓语①Wh45④Howcool!好凉快呀！⑤Howwonderful!精彩极了！口语中常用:

Whatapity!真遗憾！Whatashame!真遗憾!真可耻！④Howcool!好46what修饰名词What+名词+陈述语序What+a+形容词+名词+陈述语序What+形容词+复数名词+陈述语序What+形容词+不可数名词+陈述语序how修饰形容词，副词或动词:How+形容词+a+名词+陈述语序How+形容词或副词+陈述语序HowVSWhatwhat修饰名词how修饰形容词，副词或动词:HowVS47

Howtallthemanis!

Whatatallman(heis)!Howtallthemanis!48A.Howlovelythesepandasare!B.Whatlovelypandas(theyare)！Wow,whatabigpumpkin!Howbigthispumpkinis!A.HowlovelytheseWow,what491.think/LanternFestival/beautiful

IthinkthattheLanternFestivalisbeautiful.2.don’tknow/whether/he/comehome/forthefestival__________________________________________________________________________3.believe/WaterFestival/most/fun________________________________________4aWritesentencesusingthewordsgiven.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcomehomeforthefestival.IbelievethattheWaterFestivalisthemostfun.1.think/LanternFestival/beau504.wonder/if/mooncakes/delicious______________________________________5.how/exciting/races______________________________________6.what/interesting/city_______________________________________Jennywondersifthemooncakesaredelicious.Howexcitingtheracesare!Whataninterestingcity(itis)!4.wonder/if/mooncakes/delicio514bReadthepassagebelowandunderlinetheobjectiveclauses.IfpossiblewriteyourownsentencesaboutMother’sDayandFather’sDayusingobjectiveclauses.DearXiaYu,DoyouknowthattherearetwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica?OneisMother’sDayonthesecondSundayofMayandtheotherisFather’sDayonthethirdSundayofJune.Onthesetwodays,Americanchildrenoftengivegiftstotheirparentsortakethemout4bReadthepassagebelowand52forlunchordinner.Commongiftsareflowersandcardsformothersandshirtsortiesforfathers.IheardthatitisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMother’sDayandFather’sDayinChina.

Iwonderifchildrenovertherealsogivesimilargiftstotheirparents.Ibelievethattherearemanywaystoshowourlove.Actually,wedon’thavetospendalotofmoney.Itisalsoagoodideatohelpparentstodosomethinginstead.

Juneforlunchordinner.Commongi53Objectiveclause:1.DoyouknowthattherearetwospecialdaysforparentsinAmerica?2.IheardthatitisbecomingmoreandmorepopulartocelebrateMother’sDayandFather’sDayinChina.3.Iwonderifchildrenovertherealsogivesimilargiftstotheirparents.4.Ibelievethattherearemanywaystoshowourlove.Objectiveclause:54Actually,wedon’thaveto

spendalotofmoney.事实上，我们不必花很多钱。haveto意为“必须；不得不”，强调由于客观因素主语不得不做某事，有人称和时态的变化，其后跟动词原形。►Becausehehadnomoney,hehadtodropoutofschool.因为没有钱，他不得不辍学。LanguagePointsActually,wedon’thavetosp55haveto与musthaveto:“必须；不得不”，表示客观需要，

有人称、数、时态的变化。

don’thaveto表示“不必”must :“必须;一定”表示说话人主观上的看法，must只有一种形式。

mustn’t表示“禁止”►Youdon’thavetotellhimaboutit.你不必把这件事告诉他。►Youmustn'ttellhimaboutit.你一定不要把这件事告诉他。haveto与must56(2)spend动词，意为“用，花”，常用句型为spendsometime/money(in)doingsth.花费时间/钱做某事。spend后接动词的-ing。►Ispenttwohour(in)readingthenovel.我花了两小时读这篇小说。►Ispent100yuanbuyingthesweater.我花了100元买这件毛衣。(2)spend动词，意为“用，花”，常用句型为574cWhichfestivaldoyoulikebest?Askyourgroupandreporttotheclass.e.g.Inourgroup,David’sfavoritefestivalis...Hethinksthat…4cWhichfestivaldoyoulike58Inourgroup,David’sfavoritefestivalisHalloween.HethinksthatonthatdaychildrenwillwearspecialcostumeswithmasktotakepartinHalloweenparty.Andplay“trickortreat”.Sample:Inourgroup,David’sfavorite59典型例题1）___foodyou'vecooked!A.Howanice

B.Whatanice

C.Hownice

D.Whatnice2）___terribleweatherwe'vebeenhavingthesedays!

A.What

B.Whata

C.How

D.Howa3)______foodyou'vecooked!A.Howanice

B.Whatanice

C.Hownice

D.WhatniceDADExercises典型例题DADExercises604.______beautifuldayitis!Let'sgoandhaveapicnicinthepark.A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata5._______wonderfulnewsreporthewrote!A.WhataB.WhatC.WhichD.Weather6.—Withthehelpofdoctors,theboycanseeagain.—_______heis!A.WhatlucklyB.WhataluckC.HowluckD.HowaluckDBC4.______beautifuldayitis!L61What与How大转换1.Whataprettygirlsheis!______________thegirlis!2.Howdifficultthequestionsare!_________________________theyare.3.Howbigthefactoryis!______________bigfactory_________!HowprettyWhatdifficultquestions

WhataitisWhat与How大转换1.Whatapretty624.Whatacleverboy!______________theboy_______!5.Howtallthetreesare!_______talltrees____________!6.Whatinterestingbookstheyare!_______________thebooks________!7.Howfunnythegirlis!_______________funnygirl_________!HowcleverareWhata

theyareHowinterestingWhat

sheisis4.Whatacleverboy!Howc638.Howoldthemanis!_____________oldman___________!9.Whatnicebookstheyare!___________thebooks________!10.Howamazingthebuildingis!__________amazingbuilding________!WhatanheisHowniceareWhatanitis8.Howoldthemanis!What64将下列句子改为感叹句Thegirlisverypretty.Howprettythegirlis!Whataprettygirlsheis!2.Thisisanoldwatch.Howoldthiswatchis!Whatanoldwatchit(this)is!将下列句子改为感叹句653.Thefoodissonice.Hownicethefoodis!Whatnicefooditis!4.Thesequestionsareveryeasy.Howeasythesequestionsare!Whateasyquestionstheseare!5.Shehaslonghair.Howlongherhairis!Whatlonghairshehas!3.Thefoodissonice.66根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.Hesays___________________________________.(他说他爸爸三天后回来)2.Ourteacherasks________________________________.(昨天谁打碎了玻璃)3.Pleasetellme_________________________.(他们正在谈论什么)

thathisfatherwillbeback

inthreedays

whobrokethe

windowyesterdaywhattheyaretalkingabout根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.Hesays_________671.Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2.SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3.Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

wasisFindoutthemistakesandcorrect.1.Couldyoutellmewheredo68HomeworkPracticemoreexercisetomasterthegrammarlearntinthispart.HomeworkPracticemoreexercis69ThankYou!ThankYou!70演讲完毕，谢谢观看！演讲完毕，谢谢观看！71SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!九年级(全)SectionAGrammarFocus-4cUnit72Wordsreview幻灯片上单词出现时，同学应迅速读出该单词并说出意思，说不出时，可有5秒钟的现场求救时间（向其他同学），每名同学接受求救不得超过3次。Wordsreview幻灯片上单词出现时，同学应迅速73mooncakelanternstrangerrelativeput

onpoundsteallay

out

laydessertgardenadmirewhoevergoddessfolktraditionmooncakelanternstrangerrelativ74IknowthattheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.WhatfuntheWaterFestivalis.Iwonderifthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Howfantasticthedragonboatteamswere!IwonderwhetherJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.Howprettythedragonboatswere.IbelievethatAprilisthehottestmonthinThailand.HowdeliciousthefoodisinHongKong!GrammarFocusIknowthattheWaterFestival751.that,if和whether引导的宾语从句Objectiveclauseswiththat,ifandwhetherExclamatorystatements2.感叹句1.that,if和whether引导的宾语从句Object76

名词性从句

nounclause

主语从句subjectclause

宾语从句objectclause

表语从句predicativeclause

同位语从句appositiveclause名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句77试比较：We

know

him．We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语主s谓v宾o简单句复合句1.什么是宾语从句？试比较：Weknowhim．Weknowhe78DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut(宇航员)?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClausesDoyouknowwhoisthefirst79注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。e.g.1.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语80a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正宾语)的句型中不省略.eg:Wemustmakeitclearthatwemeanwhatwesay.b.由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句中,第二个that不省略.that在宾语从句中的省略与保留a.在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正81eg:Hetoldme（that）hewouldcomeandthat

hewouldcomeontime.c.当that作介词except,in等宾语时e.g.Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.eg:Hetoldme（that）hewould822.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iwanttoknowif/whethersheisright.Theydidn’tknowwhetherTomcouldcomebackornot.if/whether引导宾语从句表示“是否”if/whether可互换,但whether…ornot为固定搭配.2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句Iw831).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句eg:Idon’tknowwhetherornothewillcome.注意：如果ornot放在whether所引导的从句句尾，则可以用if来替换。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.eg:IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意whether和if的使用区别a.当whether后紧跟ornot时,不用if.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句注意wheth84HeaskedmewhetherIwantedtogotherebytrainorbybus.他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。注：whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引导让步状语从句。Whetherhedrivesortakesthetrain,hewillbehereontime.不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。c.在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用if替换whether。HeaskedmewhetherIwantedt85e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIamnotsure.e.g.HeaskedmewhetherI’dmovetoNewYorkifIgotthejob.d.虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句放在句首，此时只用whether不用if。e.句子中有if引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。e.g.WhetherhewillcomeIam86Pleaseletmeknowifyouneedhelp.如果你需要帮助请告诉我。或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：Pleaseletmeknowwhetheryouneedhelp.请告诉我你是否需要帮助。Idon’tknowifitwon'traintomorrow.我不知道明天是不是会下雨。f.容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示“是否”。g.如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。Pleaseletmeknowifyouneed872).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whethere.g.Whetherhecomesornotmakesnodifference.3).Whether可以引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可以4).用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。Idon’tknowwhethertogothereatonce.我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。2).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whether883.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句e.g.1.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.3.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?4.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.3.由连接代词Who,whom,whose,whic89当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.2.宾语从句中时态的变化当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句90HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Hesa91thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。thesunismuchbiggerthanth92主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的需要用任意一种时态一般过去时与原句相对应的过去的时态客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等一律用一般现在时主句时态从句时态一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时根据句意的93DannysaysthathewilllearnEnglish.

Doyouknowwherehecamefrom?

PleasetellmehowIcangettothebusstation.无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。3.宾语从句的语序Dannysaysthathewilllearn94宾语从句三要素引导词that+陈述句

if／whether+一般疑问句

特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句时态主句为一般现在时主句为一般过去时一般过去时过去将来时过去进行时过去完成时语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序从句客观真理时态不变从句可为任何时态宾语从句三要素引导词that+陈述句if／whether+95学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。时态主从要呼应：主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。That连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。宾语从句歌学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。宾语从句歌961.Tomsaid.Heisreadingabook.→2.Heasksme.Aretheyplayingagame?→3.Whereisthehospital?Hetoldme.→4.Whoboughtthepen?Hewondered.→Tomsaidthathewasreadingabook.Heasksmeif/whethertheyareplayingagame.HetoldmeWheretheHospitalwas.

Hewonderedwhoboughtthepen.1.Tomsaid.Heisreadingab97Whocananswerthequestion？Theteacherasked．→Theteacheraskedwhocouldanswerthequestion．

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?Eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Whocananswerthequestion？Th981.Theradiosaysit_______________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything_______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey_________________(return)italready.willbegoeswereplayinghavereturnedExercises1.Theradiosaysit_________995.Hesaidthatthey__________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey____________ateightlastnight.（do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_________fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou_____________abouttherelayracenow.（talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters______from.(be)hadbeenweredoingtravelsaretalkingwere5.Hesaidthatthey_________1001.Idon’tknow___________I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow__________ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis__________thisbookisworthwriting.whether/ifwhetherwhether用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow___________I’101所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。近年来，感叹句的构成及转换是中考常考的考点之一。感叹句一般由“what”和“how”来开头的句子“what”修饰名词，“how”修饰形容词和副词What和How引导的感叹句所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀乐等强烈情感的句子。近年来，感102AbeautifulflowerItisaverybeautifulflower.Whatabeautifulflower

itis!Abeautifulflower103AlovelycatItisalovelycat.Whata

lovelycatitis!AninterestingstorybookItisaninterestingstorybook.Whataninterestingstorybookitis!AlovelycatAninterest104DeliciouscakesTheyaredeliciouscakes.Whatdeliciouscakestheyare!BeautifulflowersTheyareverybeautifulflowers.Whatbeautifulflowers

theyare!DeliciouscakesBeautifulflowe105AprettygirlSheisaveryprettygirl.Whataprettygirlsheis!Simpleconclusion:What+a/an+adj.+n.+itis/sheis/heis…AprettygirlSheisaverypre106ExcitingpeopleThepeopleareexciting.Howexcitingthepeopleare!Simpleconclusion:How+adj.+the+n.+is/are!ExcitingpeopleHowexcitingt107What引导的感叹句"what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），名词前可有其它定语成份（即：形容词或冠词）。单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。What引导的感叹句"what"意为"多么"用作定语，修饰108一般有三种形式，此时what为形容词，作定语，用来修饰它后面的名词或词组。1.what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！

What

aninterestingstoryitis!多么有趣的故事呀！

What

agoodgirlsheis!她是个多么好的一个女孩啊！一般有三种形式，此时what为形容词，作定1092.what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！Whatheavysnowitis!多么大的雪呀！Whatbadweatherisit?多么糟糕的天气！3.what+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!多么漂亮的花啊！Whatgoodstudentstheyare!他们是多么好的学生啊！2.what+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！110“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词。How引导的感叹句“how”意为“多么”，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部111有三种结构形式。此时how是副词，用来修饰其后的形容词或副词，也可以修饰动词。1、How+形容词+主语+谓语！例如：Howcolditistoday!今天多么冷呀！Howhotitistoday!今天多么热呀！有三种结构形式。此时how是副词，用来修1122、How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：Howhappytheylook!他们显得多么高兴呀！Howfastheruns!他跑得多么快呀！3、How+主语+谓语（陈述句）！例如：Howheloveshisson!他是多么的爱他的儿子！Howtimeflies!光阴似箭！2、How+副词+主语+谓语！例如：113表示同一意义时，感叹既可用“what”引导，也可用"how"引导①Whatahotdayitis!

Howhotthedayis!多么热的天气呀！②Whattal