ubuntu配置cpu温度、风扇转速、硬盘温度监控

看到网上有一些朋友装好 Ubuntu 后无法利用主板的传感器监控硬件状态，把自己的安装心得写出来，希望对刚接触 Ubuntu 的人有些帮助。这是以前的老文章，仅供参考。首先说下我的配置,4 年前的机器:代码:CPU：AMD Athlon XP 2200+主板：Soltek SL-KT400-C操作系统：Ubuntu Feisty 7.04由于 CPU 的散热风扇效果不是很好，夏天最热的时候 CPU 温度高到 70 几度，所以在Windows 下有采用 CPU idle 的方式行降温。安装 Ubuntu 后对机器的状态自然就比较重视了，特别关心 CPU 的温度，所以经过 Google,Baidu 后总结得到的安装方法：第一步：安装 lm-sensors 和 sensors-applet(也可以选用后面新找到的一个软件 CompTemp Monitor)，打开终端输入：代码:sudo apt-get install lm-sensors sensors-applet根据提示键入 Root 密码，然后等待下载并安装完后关闭终端。在你想要显示传感器温度的面板位置右键，选择“添加到面板”菜单命令，在列表中选择“Hardware SensorsMonitor”后单击“添加”按钮即可添加该 Applet 程序。能直接检测到传感器那最好了。如果没有检测到传感器(我的就没有显示)，显示”Nosensors found”则转到下一步。第二步：手动配置传感器：Ubuntu 安装的时候可能没有对传感器进行配置,需要手动配置传感器。lm-sensors 软件提供了一个非常好的命令：sensors-detect，会自动侦测所需模块,类似 Windows 软件常见的“下一步”模式，引导你配置好传感器,向导中的问题按提示回答“Yes”或者“ENTER“.一般一路下去输入“Yes“/“ENTER“就可以了,我检测配置的时候就一路 Yes 和 ENTER.在终端输入：代码:sudo sensors-detect过程：代码:linuxidcUbuntu-desktop:$ sudo sensors-detect# sensors-detect revision 4171 (2006-09-24 03:37:01 -0700)This program will help you determine which kernel modules you needto load to use lm_sensors most effectively. It is generally safeand recommended to accept the default answers to all questions,unless you know what youre doing.We can start with probing for (PCI) I2C or SMBus adapters.Do you want to probe now? (YES/no): yesProbing for PCI bus adapters.Use driver i2c-viapro for device 0000:00:11.0: VIA Technologies VT8233A/8235 South BridgeWe will now try to load each adapter module in turn.Module i2c-viapro already loaded.If you have undetectable or unsupported adapters, you can have themscanned by manually loading the modules before running this script.To continue, we need module i2c-dev to be loaded.Do you want to load i2c-dev now? (YES/no): yesModule loaded successfully.We are now going to do the I2C/SMBus adapter probings. Some chips maybe double detected; we choose the one with the highest confidencevalue in that case.If you found that the adapter hung after probing a certain address,you can specify that address to remain unprobed.Next adapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 0400Do you want to scan it? (YES/no/selectively): yesClient found at address 0x4cHandled by driver lm90 (already loaded), chip type lm90Client found at address 0x4eProbing for National Semiconductor LM75. NoProbing for Dallas Semiconductor DS1621. NoProbing for Analog Devices ADM1021. NoProbing for Analog Devices ADM1021A/ADM1023. NoProbing for Maxim MAX1617. NoProbing for Maxim MAX1617A. NoProbing for TI THMC10. NoProbing for National Semiconductor LM84. NoProbing for Genesys Logic GL523SM. NoProbing for Onsemi MC1066. NoProbing for Maxim MAX1619. NoProbing for National Semiconductor LM82/LM83. NoProbing for Maxim MAX6659. NoProbing for Maxim MAX6633/MAX6634/MAX6635. NoProbing for ITE IT8201R/IT8203R/IT8206R/IT8266R. NoProbing for Fintek F75111R/RG/N (GPIO). NoProbing for Fintek F75121R/F75122R/RG (VID+GPIO). NoClient found at address 0x50Probing for Analog Devices ADM1033. NoProbing for Analog Devices ADM1034. NoProbing for SPD EEPROM. Success!(confidence 8, driver eeprom)Probing for EDID EEPROM. NoProbing for Maxim MAX6900. NoClient found at address 0x51Probing for Analog Devices ADM1033. NoProbing for Analog Devices ADM1034. NoProbing for SPD EEPROM. Success!(confidence 8, driver eeprom)Client found at address 0x69Some chips are also accessible through the ISA I/O ports. We have towrite to arbitrary I/O ports to probe them. This is usually safe though.Yes, you do have ISA I/O ports even if you do not have any ISA slots!Do you want to scan the ISA I/O ports? (YES/no): yesProbing for National Semiconductor LM78 at 0x290. NoProbing for National Semiconductor LM78-J at 0x290. NoProbing for National Semiconductor LM79 at 0x290. NoProbing for Winbond W83781D at 0x290. NoProbing for Winbond W83782D at 0x290. NoProbing for Winbond W83627HF at 0x290. NoProbing for Silicon Integrated Systems SIS5595. NoProbing for VIA VT82C686 Integrated Sensors. NoProbing for VIA VT8231 Integrated Sensors. NoProbing for AMD K8 thermal sensors. NoProbing for IPMI BMC KCS at 0xca0. NoProbing for IPMI BMC SMIC at 0xca8. NoSome Super I/O chips may also contain sensors. We have to write tostandard I/O ports to probe them. This is usually safe.Do you want to scan for Super I/O sensors? (YES/no): yesProbing for Super-I/O at 0x2e/0x2fTrying family ITE. YesFound ITE IT8705F Super IO Sensors Success!(address 0x290, driver it87)Trying family National Semiconductor. NoTrying family SMSC. NoTrying family VIA/Winbond/Fintek. NoProbing for Super-I/O at 0x4e/0x4fTrying family ITE. YesFound ITE IT8705F Super IO Sensors Success!(address 0x290, driver it87)Trying family National Semiconductor. NoTrying family SMSC. NoTrying family VIA/Winbond/Fintek. NoNow follows a summary of the probes I have just done.Just press ENTER to continue: ENTERDriver lm90 (should be inserted):Detects correctly:* Bus SMBus Via Pro adapter at 0400Busdriver i2c-viapro, I2C address 0x4cChip lm90 (confidence: 6)Driver eeprom (should be inserted):Detects correctly:* Bus SMBus Via Pro adapter at 0400Busdriver i2c-viapro, I2C address 0x50Chip SPD EEPROM (confidence: 8)* Bus SMBus Via Pro adapter at 0400Busdriver i2c-viapro, I2C address 0x51Chip SPD EEPROM (confidence: 8)EEPROMs are *NOT* sensors! They are data storage chips commonlyfound on memory modules (SPD), in monitors (EDID), or in somelaptops, for example.Driver it87 (should be inserted):Detects correctly:* ISA bus address 0x0290 (Busdriver i2c-isa)Chip ITE IT8705F Super IO Sensors (confidence: 9)I will now generate the commands needed to load the required modules.Just press ENTER to continue: ENTERTo make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to/etc/modules:#-cut here-# I2C adapter driversi2c-viapro# Chip driverslm90eepromit87#-cut here-#上面的内容是关键,列举了启动时要载入的模块,检测结果和我在 Windows 下用EVERESTUltimate 软件查得到主板的情况一致:VIA KT400 的芯片组和传感器 ITE IT8705F, National LM90 (ISA290h, SMBus4Ch),如果上述检测未能找到出你主板上的传感器,查看/usr/share/doc/lm-sensors/doc/lm_sensors-FAQ.html 或者去 lm-sensors wiki:/wiki 查找解决方法.Do you want to add these lines to /etc/modules automatically? (yes/NO)yes确认添加的模块:代码:sudo gedit /etc/modules打开/etc/modules 查看：代码:linuxidcUbuntu-desktop:$ sudo gedit /etc/modules# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time.# This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded# at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with “#“ are ignored.fuselp# Generated by sensors-detect on Sat May 19 22:57:41 2007# I2C adapter driversi2c-viapro# Chip driverslm90eepromit87第三步:安装其它监控软件 xsensors，ksensors，gdesklets(gdesklets 里有很多桌面小程序)，Gkrellm，hddtemp 等,自己选择安装.代码:sudo apt-get install xsensors 或者 ksensors(KDE 中推荐使用 ksensors)代码:sudo apt-get install gdesklets gkrellm安装硬盘温度监控:代码:sudo apt-get install hddtemp安装完后重启系统就能正确监控了.终端中输入 sensors 命令或者用 xsensors 或者 ksensors 就可随时监控 CPU 温度,风扇转速等硬件状态.代码:linuxidcUbuntu-desktop:$ sensorslm90-i2c-0-4cAdapter: SMBus Via Pro adapter at 0400M/B Temp: +37C (low = +0C, high = +70C)CPU Temp: +45.0C (low = +0.0C, high = +70.0C)M/B Crit: +85C (hyst = +75C)CPU Crit: +75C (hyst = +65C)it87-isa-0290Adapter: ISA adapterVCore 1: +1.50 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)VCore 2: +2.53 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)+3.3V: +3.33 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +4.08 V)+5V: +4.92 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)+12V: +11.97 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +16.32 V)-12V: -19.75 V (min = -27.36 V, max = +3.93 V)-5V: -0.62 V (min = -13.64 V, max = +4.03 V)Stdby: +3.87 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +6.85 V)VBat: +2.03 Vfan1: 3013 RPM (min = 2008 RPM, div = 8)fan2: 0 RPM (min = 0 RPM, div = 8)M/B Temp: +42C (low = +127C, high = +65C) sensor = thermistorCPU Temp: -55C (low = -1C, high = +127