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滑移式装载机机械结构设计【全套CAD图纸和毕业答辩论文】

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关键词：: 滑移装载机械结构设计全套 cad 图纸以及毕业答辩论文

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摘要

滑移式装载机是利用两侧车轮线速度差而实现车辆转向的，采用轮式行走机构，全轮驱动，滑移转向，可于作业现场随机快速更换或挂接各种附件，以适应不同的工作环境和作业内容，满足不同的作业内容，具体类型非常多样化。滑移式装载机最大的特点是整机外形尺寸小，可实现原地转向，可在作业线程随机快速更换或挂接各种工作装置。

本文通过对滑移装载机现状、工作装置、行走装置、等方面的研究，对以下本内容进行了分析和设计：

（1）介绍了现有滑移式装载机的种类和结构形式：常见的滑移装载机的结构形式为单臂式滑移装载机和双臂式滑移装载机；常见的结构形式有四连杆机构、六连杆机构和八连杆机构等。

（2）对滑移装载机的工作装置进行了重点的分析和设计：分析了常见的工作装置的机构类型，确定了各个铰点的位置以及四连杆机构中各连杆的长度，对液压油缸进行了设计计算。

（3）对滑移式装载机的底盘进行了研究设计：设计了滑移装载机的机架，确定了轮毂与机架的连接方式，选取了符合要求的液压马达。

（4）通过对滑移式装载机现状的分析，提出了对现有的滑移式装载机的结构等方面的改进方法：对现有的滑移装载机的部分结构进行了分析和改进，提出了自己的一些新的设计思路。

关键词：滑移式装载机，现状，工作装置，底盘，改进

Mechanical Structure Design of the Skid Steer Loader

Abstract

Sliding type of wheel loader is on both sides of the linear difference and realize the vehicle steering wheel, the mobile mechanism, all wheel drive, slip, can be used from the homework to random replaced rapidly or articulated various accessories, in order to adapt to the different work environment and the work content, meet different work content, concrete types is very diverse. Sliding type loader the biggest characteristic is the appearance of small size, may realize the in situ to, can be in homework thread random replaced rapidly or to hook up all kinds of work device.

This article through to slip loader present condition, device, walk device, etc, to the following this content has carried on the analysis and design.

(1) Introducing existing sliding type of the loader types and structure: common sliding of the loader structure form for single arm type sliding loader and arms type sliding loaders; The structure of the common form has four bar linkage, six linkage mechanism and eight linkage mechanism, etc.

(2) The sliding of the loader working device the focus of the analysis and design: analysis of the common work device, and the types of institutions all hinge point position and four bar linkage of connecting rod length of each of the hydraulic oil cylinder, the designing calculation.

(3) The loader to slip type chassis study design : the design of the loader sliding, and the wheel and the frame of the connection mode, the selection of the requirements of the hydraulic motor.

(4) To slip through the analysis of the present situation of loader, puts forward the existing sliding type of the loader, and other aspects of the structure improvement methods: for existing sliding loader part of the structure analysis and improvement, and proposes some new design ideas.

Keywords: sliding type loader ，working device ，chassis ， improvement status

摘要---------------------------------------------------------------I

Abstract-----------------------------------------------------------II

第一章绪论---------------------------------------------------------1

1.1 引言-------------------------------------------------------1

1.2 滑移装载机简介---------------------------------------------1

1.3 滑移式装载机的常见结构形式---------------------------------1

1.3 .1 单臂式滑移装载机------------------------------------1

1.3 .2 双臂式滑移装载机------------------------------------2

1.4 滑移装载机机械机构设计概述----------------------------------2

1.4.1 装载机工作装置作业流程-------------------------------2

1.4.2 基本参数确定-----------------------------------------2

1.4.3 技术要求---------------------------------------------2

1.5 本章小结----------------------------------------------------3

第二章总体方案的确定----------------------------------------------4

2.1 发动机------------------------------------------------------4

2.2 传动系统----------------------------------------------------4

2.3 工作装置----------------------------------------------------4

2.4 车架--------------------------------------------------------4

2.5 液压系统----------------------------------------------------4

2.6 驾驶室------------------------------------------------------4

2.7 本章小结----------------------------------------------------4

第三章滑移装载机工作装置设计---------------------------------------5

3.1 装载机工作装置设计要求--------------------------------------6

3.2 工作装置各部分设计------------------------------------------6

3.2.1 铲斗设计----------------------------------------------6

铲斗设计要求------------------------------------6

铲斗结构形式的选择------------------------------6

铲斗基本参数的确定------------------------------6

3.2.2 动臂设计----------------------------------------------8

动臂铰点的确定---------------------------------8

动臂长度---------------------------------------8

铲斗快换装置的设计------------------------------9

四连杆机构的确定：-------------------------------9

动臂的形状与结构--------------------------------9

3.2.3油缸的计算与选择：------------------------------------10

插入阻力的计算------------------------------10

铲起阻力的计算------------------------------11

转斗阻力矩的计算----------------------------11

3.3 本章小结---------------------------------------------------11

第四章行走装置的设计----------------------------------------------13

4.1 底盘概述---------------------------------------------------13

4.2 底盘结构设计-----------------------------------------------13

4.3 行走装置参数的确定-----------------------------------------14

4.4 减速箱的选择-----------------------------------------------14

4.5 本章小结---------------------------------------------------14

第五章整机部分机械结构的优化设计----------------------------------15

5.1 使用新型底盘-----------------------------------------------15

5.2 设计新的铲斗快换装置---------------------------------------15

5.3 采用新型后开机罩-------------------------------------------15

第六章滑移装载机稳定性计算---------------------------------------16

6.1 稳定比K的校核---------------------------------------------16

6.2 稳定度i的校核---------------------------------------------16

6.3 稳定性的计算-----------------------------------------------16

6.3.1 纵向稳定性的计算-------------------------------------16

6.3.2 横向稳定性的计算-------------------------------------17

6.4 行驶速度v的校核-------------------------------------------17

6.5 本章小结---------------------------------------------------18

总结---------------------------------------------------------------19

谢辞---------------------------------------------------------------20

参考文献-----------------------------------------------------------21

第一章绪论

1.1 引言

近几年，随着我国经济的快速发展，滑移装载机等小型工程机械市场逐渐升温，为业内人士普遍看好。小型工程机械因其综合使用率高、回报丰厚将取代部分大中型工程机械的市场份额，逐渐成为市场的新一轮热点。

鉴于国内和国外的滑移式装载机在结构形式和性能等方面的差距以及国外滑移式装载机的结构放方面的缺陷，本文将对滑移式装载机的机械结构及液压油缸等进行设计和改进，使其在结构方面得到优化，提高产品质量。在性能方面得到提升，提高产品的工作效率。

1.2 滑移装载机简介

滑移式装载机是一种小型多功能工程机械，利用两侧车轮线速度差而实现车辆转向的轮式专用底盘，采用轮式行走机构，全轮驱动，滑移转向，可与作业现场随机快速更换或挂接各种工作装置，以适应不同的工作环境，满足不同的作业内容，具体类型非常多样化，当需要一种机械承担多种工作，而且还需要操作快捷时，就应该考虑使用滑移式装载机。

滑移式装载机最大的特点是整机外形尺寸小，可实现原地转向，可在作业线程随机快速更换或挂接各种工作装置。

滑移式装载机的主要用途为：城市基础设施建设、道路或建筑工地、厂房车间、仓库、码头、轮船甲板甚至船舱内等狭窄场地的作业；在起伏不平的场地上进行铲运、堆垛、起重、挖掘、钻孔、破碎、抓取、推扒、松土、道路清扫和路面压实等作业。

1.3 滑移式装载机的常见结构形式

1.3 .1 单臂式滑移装载机

通常滑移装载机由于整机布置所限，动臂提升只能采用双动臂结构的形式，单臂式装载机将原有两侧的动臂去掉，将驾驶室固定在车体一侧，在车体另一侧安装新型动臂，这种结构的滑移装载机在保证原有的滑移转向装载机工作性能不变的额情况下图1 单臂式滑移装载机

突破性的将两侧双臂改为单侧动臂结构，急既解决了操作员必须跨越工作装置才能进入驾驶室内的弊端，又简化了结构、提高整车的稳定性，降低了操作的安全隐患。

1.3 .2 双臂式滑移装载机

双臂式滑移装载机是常见的结构形式，双臂式滑移装载机驾驶室具有宽敞的空间，采用双臂进行举升，更容易保证工作过程中机身的稳定，适用范围更广泛，承载的工作载荷更大。

全部文件.jpg

总装配图.jpg

动臂零件图.jpg

动臂油缸.jpg

翻斗油缸.jpg

工作装置.jpg

行走装置.jpg

内容简介：: 1Loaders装载机Overview 概述Basic Concept .基本概念A loader is a type of construction equipment (engineering vehicle) machinery that is primarily used to “load“ material into another type of machinery (dump truck, conveyor belt, rail-car, etc.).Loaders are used mainly for uploading materials into trucks, laying pipe, clearing rubble, and digging. A loader is not the most efficient machine for digging as it cannot dig very deep below the level of its wheels, like a backhoe can. Their deep bucket can usually store about 3-6 cubic meters of earth. The front loaders bucket capacity is much bigger than a bucket capacity of a backhoe loader. Loaders are not classified as earthmoving machinery, as their primary purpose is other than earthmoving.装载机是一种主要用于向另一种机械（自卸车、输送皮带、铁路运输车辆等）“装载”物料的建设机械（工程车辆）设备。装载机主要用于向卡车装载物料，以及铺设管道、清理碎石和挖土等工作。作为挖土作业装载机不是最有效的机械，与挖掘机不同，装载机不适用于轮胎支承面以下较深处的挖掘作业。装载机的深底铲斗一般可装载 36 立方米的土壤。铲斗前置装载机的斗容量远大于挖掘装载机的斗容量。装载机不属于铲土运输机械，因其主要用途并非土方运输。Unlike most bulldozers, most loaders are wheeled and not tracked, although track loaders are common. They are successful where sharp edged materials in construction debris would damage 2rubber wheels, or where the ground is soft and muddy. Wheels provide better mobility and speed and do not damage paved roads as much as tracks but provide less traction.尽管履带式装载机是普遍的，但与大多数推土机不同，大多数装载机是轮式的而并非履带式。履带式装载机适用于棱角锐利的建筑材料会破坏橡胶轮胎的场合，或者在松软泥泞道路上的作业。轮式装载机具有良好的机动性和较高的工作速度，并且不像履带那样破坏铺装路面，但其所能提供的牵引力较小。Unlike standard tractors fitted with a front bucket, many large loaders do not use automotive steering mechanisms. Instead, they steer by a hydraulically actuated pivot point set exactly between the front and rear axles. This is referred to as “articulated steering“ and allows the front axle to be solid, allowing it to carry greater weight. Articulated steering provides better maneuverability for a given wheelbase. Since the front wheels and attachment rotate on the same axis, the operator is able to “steer“ his load in an arc after positioning the machine, which can be useful. 与安装前置铲斗的标准拖拉机不同，许多大型装载机不使用汽车转向机构。取而代之，它们通过液压驱动的安装于前、后桥之间的转向铰接装置转向。这种转向称为“铰接转向”，它可使前桥固定，并使其承受更大的重量。对于一定的轴距铰接转向提供了较好的机动性。由于前轮与工作装置绕同一车轴旋转，驾驶员在使机械定位后可使铲斗沿弧线“转向”，这一点是实用的。The loader assembly may be a removable attachment or permanently mounted. Often the bucket can be replaced with other devices or tools-for example, many can mount forks to lift heavy pallets or shipping containers, and a hydraulically-opening “clamshell“ bucket allows a loader to act as a light dozer or scraper.装载机的工作装置可以是更换式的或者是固定安装。铲斗常常可用其它装置或工具更换，例如，许多装载机可以安装叉车工装提升重型货物或者装运集装箱，装备液压开启式“蛤壳”型铲斗可以使装载机像推土机或铲运机一样作业。In construction areas loaders are also used to transport building materials - such as bricks, pipe, metal bars, and digging tools - over short distances. Loaders are also used for snow removal, using their bucket or a snow basket, but usually using a snowplow attachment. They clear snow from streets, highways and parking lots. They sometimes load snow into dump trucks for transport.3在各种建筑工地上装载机也经常用来近距离转运建筑材料，例如砖块、管材、钢筋、各种挖掘工具等。借助铲斗或除雪铲，装载机也用于除雪作业，但通常使用除雪装置。它们用来清除街道、公路和停车场上的积雪。有时用装载机将积雪装载到自卸车上进行运输。Front loaders gained popularity during the last two decades, especially in urban engineering projects and small earthmoving works. Many engineering vehicle manufacturers offer a wide range of loaders, the most notable are those of John Deere, Caterpillar, Case, Volvo, Komatsu and Liebherr.近 20 年来，特别是在城市建设工程和小型土方运输工程中，装载机获得了普遍的应用。许多工程车辆制造商可生产多种类型的装载机，其中最知名的有约翰迪尔、卡特彼勒、凯斯、沃尔沃、小松和利勃海尔等品牌。Applications 应用1 23 4 5 647 89 1011 121. loading materials 装载材料；2. earthmoving 铲土运输；3. forestry engineering 林业工程；4. snow removing 除雪作业；5. underground work 井下作业；6. loading and unloading 装卸货物；7. pipe laying 铺设管道；8. maintain pavement 维修路面；9. land clearing 场地清理；10. garden work 园林工作；11. rolling compaction 碾压路面；12. tunnel construction 隧道作业Types 类型1 253 45 67 89 101. mini type loader 微型装载机；2.small type wheel loader 小型轮式装载机；3.medium type wheel loader 中型轮式装载机；4.large type wheel loader 大型轮式装载机；5. track-type loader 履带式装载机；6. skid steer loader 滑移转向装载机；7. underground mining loader 井下作业装载机；8. multi terrain loader 多功能装载机；9. wheel backhoe loader 轮式挖掘装载机；10. side dumping loader 侧卸式装载机Components and Features 组成与特点Components 组成Basic Components 基本部件61. bucket 铲斗；2. front axle 前桥；3.instrumentation console 仪表盘；4. cab and operating system 驾驶室及操作系统；5.engine and transmission system 发动机及传动系统；6. engine hood 发动机罩；7. counterweight 配重；8. rear axle 后桥；9.rear frame 后机架；10. electrical system 电气系统；11. front frame 前机架；12. mudguard 挡泥板；13. boom 动臂；14. rocker arm cylinder 摇臂油缸；15. connecting rod 连杆； 16. rocker arm 摇臂；17. boom cylinder 动臂油缸；18. frame 机架Hydro mechanical Transmission System 液力机械传动系统71.engine 发动机；2. torque converter 液力变矩器；3. power shifting transmission box 动力换档变速箱；4. front axle 前桥；5. Caliper disc brake 钳盘式制动器；6. wheel 车轮；7. parking brake 驻车制动器； 8. rear axle 后桥；9. gear shift pump 变速油泵；10. steering pump 转向油泵；11. operational pump 工作油泵；12. wheel redactor 轮边减速器Transmission System Arrangement 传动系统布置1. engine 发动机； 2. torque converter 液力变矩器；3. power shift transmission box 动力换档变速箱；4. rear frame 后机架；5. front frame 前机架；6. front axle 前桥；7. transmission shaft 传动轴；8. rear axle 后桥Torque Converter 液力变矩器81. flywheel 飞轮； 2、4、7、11、17、19. bearing 轴承；3. torque converter rotation housing 变矩器旋转壳体；5. elastic plate 弹性板；6. first turbine 第一涡轮； 8. second turbine 第二涡轮； 9. stator 导轮；10. pump impeller 泵轮； 12. gear 齿轮；13. stator shaft导轮轴；14. second turbine shaft 第二涡轮轴；15. first turbine shaft 第一涡轮轴；16. spacer ring 隔离环；18. one-way clutch gear 单向离合器齿轮；20. one-way clutch roller 单向离合器滚柱Performance Characteristic 工作特性9Hydro-mechanical Series Drive 液压机械组合传动1. engine 发动机； 2. piston pump 柱塞液压泵；3. low speed piston motor 低速柱塞马达；4.high peed piston motor 高速柱塞马达；5. transfer case 分动箱Hastate Power Train System 静液传动系统101. Neutral-start parking brake lever空档启动停车制动手柄；2. Track motors履带驱动马达；3. Hastate pumps hoses液压泵；4. Hydraulic oil cooler液压油冷却器；5. Service brakes行车制动器；6. hoses液压软管；7. Wet, multi-disc parking brakes湿式、多片停车制动器；8. Double reduction planetary final drives双级行星减速最终驱动装置；9. hydraulic filters液压滤清器Operator Station of Track Loader 履带式装载机驾驶员操作台1. Neutral-start parking brake lever空档启动停车制动手柄；2. Track motors履带驱动马达；3. Hastate pumps hoses液压泵；4. Hydraulic oil cooler液压油冷却器；5. Service brakes行车制动器；6. hoses液压软管；7. Wet, multi-disc parking brakes湿式、多片停车制动器；8. Double reduction planetary final drives双级行星减速最终驱动装置；9. hydraulic filters液压滤清器Standard Equipment Specifications 标准装置规格类型与性能参数1. Engine发动机：Type ：Water-cooled, 4-stroke cycle类型：水冷，四冲程循环；Aspiration：Turbocharged充气形式：涡轮增压；Number of cylinders气缸数；Bore x stroke缸径x冲程；Piston displacement气缸排量：Governor： Mechanical, all-speed control调速器：机械式，全程调速；Horsepower rating 2400 rpm (SAE J1349)功率/2400 rpm（SAE标准： J1349）； Gross horsepower总功率；Net horsepower净功率； Meets EPA emissions regulations符合EPA 排放规范；Fuel system：Direct injection供油系：直喷式； Lubrication system润滑系：Method：Gear pump, force-lubrication方式：齿轮泵，压力润滑；Filter：Full-flow滤清器：全流量；Air cleaner：Dry-type with double elements and dust evacuator, plus dust indicator11空气滤清器：干式，双芯、排尘器、灰尘指示器配置2. Transmission 传动装置：Torque converter：3-element, single-stage, single-phase变矩器：三元件，单级，单相；Transmission.：Full power shift, countershaft, automatic变速器：动力换档，副传动，自动型3. Axles and Final Drives驱动桥与终传动： Drive system： Four-wheel drive传动系统：四轮驱动；Front：Fixed, semi-floating前桥：固定式，半浮动轴；Rear：Center-pin support, semi-floating,24 total oscillation后桥：中心铰支承，半浮动轴，总摆动角24；Reduction gear：Spiral bevel gear减速齿轮：螺旋伞齿轮；Differential gear ：Torque proportioning差速齿轮：转矩比例配合；Final reduction gear：Planetary gear, single reduction终减速齿轮：行星齿轮，单级减速4. Brakes制动器：Service brakes: Hydraulically-actuated, wet disc brakes actuateon four wheels行车制动器：液压驱动，四车轮湿式盘式制动；Parking brake: Wet, multi-disc brake on transmission output shaft驻车制动器：变速箱输出轴湿式多片制动5. Steering System转向系：Type ：Articulated type, full-hydraulic power steering类型：铰接式，全液压动力转向；Steering angle：40 each direction转向角：各个方向40；Minimum turning radius at the center of outside tire外轮中心最小转弯半径 6. Boom and Bucket动臂和铲斗：Z-bar loader linkage is designed for maximum rigidity and offers powerful breakout. Z型连杆设计提供了最大的刚性和强大的破坏力。 Rap-out loader linkage design enables shock dumping for removing sticky materials. 敲打型连杆设计提供了粘性材料的振动装卸。Sealed loader linkage pins with dust seals extend greasing intervals. 防尘密封式连干销延长了润滑间隔时间。The bucket is made of high-tensile strength steel.铲斗由高抗拉强度钢制做。7. Bucket Controls铲斗控制：The use of a PPC hydraulic control valve offers lighter operating effort for the work equipment control levers. 应用液压程序控制阀使工作装置操纵杆操作轻便。The reduction in the lever force and travel makes it easy to operate in the work envy- 12ornament.操纵杆作用力和行程的减小使工作装置的操作变得容易。Control positions位置控制：Boom：Raise, hold, lower, and float动臂：提升，保持，下降，浮动；Bucket ：Roll back, hold, and dump铲斗：后倾翻，保持，倾卸8. Hydraulic System液压系统：Capacity (discharge flow) engine-rated rpm发动机额定转速容量（流量）：Loader pump 装载机液压泵；Steering pump转向泵；Pilot pump(Gear-type pumps)引导泵（齿轮泵）；Relief valve setting安全阀设定压力；Control valve：2-spool open center type控制阀：双阀芯开式中心型； Hydraulic cylinders：Double-acting, piston液压缸：双作用，活塞；Hydraulic cycle time (rated load in bucket)： Raise，Dump，Lower (empty)，Total cycle time液压循环时间：提升时间，倾卸时间，下降时间，总循环时间Dimensions尺寸规格Wheel Loader轮式装载机1. Height to top of ROPS 倾翻保护驾驶室顶部高度； 2. Height to top of exhaust pipe 发动机排气管道顶部高度；3. Height to top of hood 机罩顶部高度；4. Ground Clearance 离地间隙；5. B-Pin height at max. height 最大铲斗铰点高度； 6. Center line of rear axle to edge of counterweight 后轴至配重边沿中心距；7. Wheelbase 轴距；8. B-Pin height at carry position铲斗铰点运输高度；9. Center line of rear axle to hitch 后轴至车架铰销轴中心距；10. Rack back at maximum lift 最大提升高度铲斗后倾角；11. Dump angle at maximum lift 最大提升高度铲斗卸载角；12. Rack back at carry position 铲斗运输位置后倾角；13. Rack back at ground 铲斗地面位置后倾角； 14. Height to center line of axle 中心轴线高度；15. Bucket reach 卸载距离；16. Dump clearance at 45 full height 卸载角45时的最大卸载高度Track-Type Loader履带式装载机131. Overall machine width with bucket机械总宽度（包括铲斗）； 2. Overall machine width without bucket机械总宽度（不包括铲斗）；3.Machine height to top of cab机械驾驶室顶部高度；4.Length to front of track履带长度；5.Overall machine length机械总长度；6.Digging Depth铲掘深度； 7.Maximum rollback at carry position运输位置最大后倾角；8.Reach at full lift height最大高度卸载距离；9.S.A.E. specified dump angle S.A.E. 标准卸载角；10.Maximum rollback, fully raised最大提升高度时的最大后倾角；11.Dump clearance at full height and 45 discharge最大高度 45卸载角时的卸载高度； 12.Height to bucket hinge pin铲斗铰销高度；13.Overall machine height, bucket fully raised铲斗最大提升高度时的机械最大高度。Bucket Features铲斗特点1. Edge steel with extra hardened and toughened wear plates of up to 500 Brunel gives the bucket longer operating life.铲斗棱边为超硬耐磨钢板，布氏硬度达到500，具有较长的使用寿命。2. Bucket shell and side plates of up to 400 Brunel to withstand abrasive wear. Reinforced 14mounting points where the attachment is installed give less wear.铲斗壳体与侧板的布氏硬度达400,以抵抗磨料磨损。经强化处理的附件安装铰点减少了磨损。3. Bucket cutting edges of abrasive-resistant steel of up to 500 Brunel. Replaceable bolt-on wears plates on bucket floor, 500 Brunel.铲斗切削刀刃为抗磨料磨损钢材，布氏硬度达500。铲斗底板上安装有耐磨衬板，由螺栓紧固可更换，布氏硬度为500。4. Bolt-on edge savers and segments protect the cutting edge from unnecessary wear.螺栓紧固的边缘节省块和分段防止了切削刃的不必要磨损。5. Volvo Tooth System with bolt-on or weld-on adapters of up to 515 Brunel gives excellent penetration and less bucket wear.沃尔沃斗齿系统配备有螺栓紧固型或焊接型连接器，布氏硬度达515，具有最佳的插入深度和较小的磨损。Skid-steer Loader Features滑移装载机特点1. The round-back bucket design is stronger with no angled corners. This configuration makes it easier to fill and dump improving productivity.圆弧底铲斗设计更加坚固，没有死角。这种结构使铲斗更加容易装载和倾卸物料，从而提高了生产率。2. The ROPS/FOPS structure protects and shields the operator.防倾翻/防落物驾驶室结构保护了驾驶员的安全。153. A total of four exterior lights help to illuminate any job site day or night.四个外部照明灯设置可在白天或夜晚照亮施工现场。4. A safety system locks lift, tilt and drive systems when the operator leaves the seat, raises the seat bar, or turns off the ignition switch. The brakes are wet-type multiple discs that require no maintenance.当驾驶员离开座椅、提起座椅横杆或者关闭启动开关时，安全系统将锁定提升、倾翻和驱动系统。5. Heavy-duty tires are standard matching the durability of the skid-steer.使用重型标准轮胎，适应滑移转向的耐久性要求。6. The rugged all-welded unitized frame is constructed of .375-inch gauge steel for years of productivity. Step bushings are placed in all key pivot areas to increase strength and reduce stress.全焊接整体车架由0.375英寸工具钢建造，坚固耐用，满足长期生产能力要求。重要枢轴均采用阶梯衬套，以便增加强度和减小应力。7. A wider wheelbase provides for a smooth ride and more balance for stability with heavier loads. A 9-inch ground clearance allows easy maneuverability through mud and other terrain.较宽的轴距保证了平稳行驶，重载作业更加稳定。8. Hydraulic lines are protected within the loader arm.液压管路设置于装载机动臂内部受到保护。9. Mustang features a self-leveling vertical lift.野马牌装载机的特点是具有自找平垂直提升特性。10. The advanced hydraulic system affords longer service intervals and comes with a sight glass for quick and easy fluid level inspections.先进的液压系统可提供较长的工作时间，并配置了玻璃液面计，以便于检查液压油面高度。11. A drop-down step makes it convenient to check engine and maintenance points.下落式台阶设置便于发动机和保养点的检查。Working Attachments 工作附件Bucket Type铲斗类型161 2 34 5 61.Spade nose rock bucket中凸式石料铲斗；2. straight edge rock bucket with teeth直边有齿石料铲斗；3. General purpose bucket with teeth通用有齿铲斗；4. General purpose bucket with bolt-on-edges螺栓紧固边刃通用铲斗；5. Light material bucket with bolt-on edges螺栓紧固边刃轻质材料铲斗；6. Log/Sorting grapples木材堆放抓斗Working Attachments of Skid-steer Loader 滑移装载机工作附件1 23 45 6177 89 1011 1213 141. Cold Planer 冷铣刨；2. Pallet Fork 货叉；3. Hydraulic Breakers 液压破碎锤；4. Angle Brooms 转角清扫滚刷；5. General Purpose Pick-Up Broom 通用收集式清扫；6. Brush Grapple Bucket 刷式抓斗；7. Forked Scrap Grapple Bucket 叉式杂物抓斗；8. Power Rake 动力耙；9. Heavy Duty Scrap Grapple Bucket 重型杂物抓斗； 10. Rock Bucket 石料铲斗；11. Stump Grinder 树根粉碎机； 12. Snow Blower 转子除雪机；13. Snow Blade 除雪铲；14. Vibratory Roller 振动碾New Technology of Wheel Loader 轮式装载机新技术Introduction简介Komatsu-integrated design offers the best value, reliability, and versatility. Hydraulics, power train, frame, and all other major components are engineered by Komatsu. You get a 18machine whose components are designed to work together for higher production, greater reliability, and more versatility. Komatsus highly productive, innovative technology, environmentally friendly machines built for the 21st century.小松集成设计可获得最大的价值、最高的可靠性与多功能性。液压系统、传动装置、机架等主要部件均由小松制造。机械部件通过设计使其共同协调工作，以获得更大的生产能力、更高的可靠性和更多的功能。小松的高生产率、技术创新与环境友好型机械产品为21世纪而制造。High Productivity and Low Fuel Consumption高生产率与低燃料消耗1. Two Mode Engine Power Select System 双模式发动机功率选择系统This wheel loader offers two selectable engine operating modes Normal and Power. The operator can adjust the machines engine performance to match the condition requirements. This system is controlled with a dial on the right side control panel.本轮式装载机设置了两个可选发动机工作模式正常与动力工作模式。驾驶员可以调节机器发动机特性，使其与工况要求相匹配。这一调节系统用右控制台上的旋钮进行控制。（1） Normal Mode: provides maximum fuel efficiency for most general loading conditions.正常工作模式：在大多数负载条件下提供最大的燃油效率。（2）Power Mode: provides maximum power output for hard digging conditions or hill climb operations. 动力工作模式：在坚硬土壤挖掘条件下或在爬坡行驶时提供最大的动力输出。2.Automatic Transmission with Four Mode Select System 四工作模式自动变速箱19This operator controlled system allows the selection of manual shifting or three levels of automatic shifting modes (low, medium, and high). The operator can match the machines operating requirements with optimum performance efficiency. This system is controlled with a dial on the right side of the control panel.这一由驾驶员控制的系统允许其进行人力换挡或三级（低、中、高）自动换挡模式选择。驾驶员能够使作业要求与最佳性能相匹配。这一系统由控制台上右边的旋钮进行控制。（1）Manual: The transmission is fixed to the gear speed and selected with the gear shift lever.人力换挡模式：变速箱齿轮速度固定并通过变速杆进行选择。（2）Auto Low: Low mode provides smooth gear shifting at low engine speeds suitable for general excavating and loading while offering reduced fuel consumption.自动低档模式：抵挡模式保证发动机低速工况下的平稳换挡，适用于普通铲装作业，具有较低的燃油消耗。（3）Auto Medium: Medium mode provides gear shifting at mid-range engine speeds required for more aggressive conditions.自动中档模式：提供发动机中速范围换挡操作，适用于更加主动的作业工况。（4）Auto High: High mode provides maximum rim pull and fast cycle times by shifting the transmission at high engine speeds. This mode is suitable for hill-climb and load and carry operations.自动高档模式：提供发动机高速工况下的换挡操作，可产生最大的铲掘力与快速的作业循环。这一模式适用于爬坡、铲装与转运的循环作业。3.Dual-Speed Hydraulic System双速液压系统Komatsus automatic dual-speed hydraulic system increases operational efficiency and 20productivity by matching the hydraulic demands to the work conditions.小松自动双速液压系统通过使液压需求与工况相匹配提高了作业效率和生产率。（1） Digging Operations 铲装作业Engine power used to operate the switch pump is transferred to the transmission to provide increased rim pull when digging.铲装作业时，用来驱动转换泵的发动机功率输入变速箱以增加铲掘力。（2） Lifting Operations 提升作业The switch pump assists the loader pump to provide increased lifting speed and power when lifting and loading.提升装载作业时，转换泵辅助装载机主泵以增加提升速度和功率。Increa

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