1995年08月语法题笔记

1995 年 08 月语法题1 According to the third law of thermodynamics, _ possible is 273.16 degrees centigrade.(A) that temperature is lowest(B) the temperature is lower(C) lowest temperature(D) the lowest temperature.答案：D.分析：缺主语。且考点还有最高级前要有定冠词 the。A、B 两个选项欲构成主语从句，但均不成立！ 翻译参考：按照热动力学第三定律，最低温度可能是零下-273.16 摄氏度。难度：12 After the First World War, the author Anais Nin became interested in the art movement known as Surrealism and in psychoanalysis, both _ her novels and shorts stories.(A) in which the influence(B) of which influenced(C) to have influence(D) its influence in 答案：B.分析：非限制性定语从句，主句完整，both 开始为从句，从句缺主谓，排除 ACD。翻译参考：一战后，作家 A 开始对众所周知的超现实主义和心里分析方面的艺术运动产生了兴趣，此二者都影响到了她的长篇故事和短篇小说。难度：23 Muskrats generally _ close to the edge of a bog, where their favorite plant foods grow plentifully.(A) staying(B) they are staying(C) stay(D) to stay there答案：C.分析：缺谓语，后面为地点状语从句。且也可以由副词 generally 得出提示，后面该接一动词。翻译参考：麝香蔷薇逐渐的接近沼泽边缘，在那他们最喜欢的植物食物长得茂盛。难度：14 Oliver Ellsworth, _ of the United States Supreme Court, was the author of the bill that established the federal court system.(A) he was the third chief justice(B) the third chief justice was(C) who the third chief justice(D) the third chief justice答案：D.分析：逗号前后主谓完整构成主句，中间只能是从句或同位语。A 选项中的 he 改成 who 则也为正确答案。翻译参考：OE，米国最高法院的第三任主法官，是建立联邦法院系统的作者。难度：15 _ Colonial period the great majority of Connecticuts settlers came from England.(A) Since(B) The time(C) During the (D) It was答案：C.分析：主谓完整构成句子，前面是时间状语。A 选项中的 since 表点时间，用法为跟从句或具体点时间，如 1952 年，不跟段时间。C正确，during 跟短语或时间段的时间表示法中。D 选项若欲构成强调句，该更正为“It was during the Colonial period that the great majority of Connecticuts settlers came from England.”翻译参考：在殖民时期，大量 C 州的定居者来自英格兰。难度：26 A politician can make a legislative proposal more _ by giving specific examples of what its effect will be.(A) to understanding(B) understandably(C) understandable(D) when understood答案：C.分析：make 用法：“make sth. adj.”或固定短语。也可以从比较级的角度考虑，前有more，后选一多音节形容词翻译参考：一个政治家能够通过给出它的具体效应使得一个立法建议更易被理解。难度：27 Playing the trumpet with dazzling originality, _ dominated jazz for 20 years.(A) Louis Armstrong(B) The influence of Louis Armstrong(C) The music of Louis Armstrong(D) Louis Armstrongs talent答案：A.分析：空格前面是 playing 引导的非谓语动词中的现在分词，作状语。空格后 dominated 是谓语动词，故空格初填充主语。且主语要为 play 这个动作的发出者！A 选项因此正确。B、C、D 选项中的主体词 influence、music、talent 都不能作为 play 这个动作的发出者！故不正确。翻译参考：路易斯.阿姆斯特朗由于演奏小号有令人眼花缭乱的新异，故而他统治了爵士乐 20年之久。难度：28 Before every presidential election in the United States, the statisticians try to guess the proportion of the population that _ for each candidate.(A) are voted(B) voting(C) to be voted(D) will vote答案：D.分析：定语从句缺谓语，排除 B、C。又 population 为人，正好是 vote 动作的发出者，应用主动语态，排除 A。翻译参考：在米国，每一届总统选举前，统计家们总是试着去预测各有多大比例的人口会投给每一个候选人。难度：29 _ at a river ford on the Donner Pass route to California, the city of Reno grew as bridges and railroad were built.(A) Settle(B) To settle(C) It was settling(D) Having been settled答案：D.分析：逗号后面为中心句，故逗号前面为从句或非谓语动词充当的状语。且主语 city 与动词settle 为被动关系，故 A、B、C 都可被排除。翻译参考：由于位于通往加利福尼亚路线上 D 的一个河滩，R 城市随着桥和铁路的建立发展起来。难度：210 10 The air inside a house or office building often has higher concentrations of contaminants _ heavily polluted outside air.(A) than does(B) more(C) as some that are(D) like of答案：A.分析：有 higher 比较级必有 than，故直接可以选出 A 选项。Than 后面引导倒装句，句尾省略动词 have，即“than doeshave。 ”C 选项中的 as 在表示作比较的时候通常是成对出现的。翻译参考：在房屋或办公楼里的空气比起外面严重污染的空气有更高的污染浓度。难度：211 The decimal numeral system is one of the _ ways of expressing numbers.(A) useful most worlds (B) worlds most useful(C) useful worlds most(D) most worlds useful答案：B.分析：多重定语词序问题。另一解题点是最高级，most 必须和形容词 useful 挨着。在多重定语排序时，最重要的一点应该牢记：描述性词汇要与中心词紧挨着！如此题，就是 useful 这个描述性词汇要与中心词 ways 紧挨着。翻译参考：十进制是世界上最有用的表达数字 的一个方法难度：212 Emily Dickinsons garden was a place _ great inspiration for her poems.(A) that she drew(B) by drawing her (C) from which she drew(D) drawn from which答案：C分析：前面主句完整，后面从句，介词加 which 结构，place 作状语Aa place 不是宾语B 结构有问题C 正确D 不能这样作后置定语。翻译参考：ED 的花园是她写诗激发灵感的地方。难度：213. The mountains surrounding Los Angeles effectively shield the city from the hot, dry winds of the Mojave Desert, _ the circulation of air.(A) but they also prevent(B) also prevented by them(C) and also to prevent(D) and also preventing答案：A分析：与 shield 并列排除 CD,also 是副词，排除A 正确B 无连词C 动词与前不平行D 同上翻译参考：环绕 Los Angeles 的山脉虽然有效的为城市避开了 M 沙漠的热干风，但是也阻止了空气的循环。难度：214. Not only _ to determine the depth of the ocean floor, but it is also used to locate oil.(A) to use seismology(B) is seismology used(C) seismology is used(D) using seismology答案：B分析：Not only 倒装，be 动词打头为选项。 ，A 无主语B 正确C 无倒装D 无谓语翻译参考：地震学不仅用来决定海底的深度，还用来定位土壤。难度：215. Nebraska has floods in some years, _. (A) in others drought(B) droughts are others(C) while other droughts(D) others in drought答案：A分析：some 对应 others，in some years 对应 in othersin other years，后面 drought为 it has drought 的省略。此题可用排除法 BC 明显不对，考虑前面 in 的搭配，排除 D，实在不行，AD 蒙一个吧，50命中。A 正确B 两动词Cwhile 一般接从句，如果此句为省略，无介词D 词序不对翻译参考：N 这个地十年九旱，还有一年涝了。难度: 416. Pop Art was a movement of the 1950s and 1960s whom imagery was based on A B Creadily recognized American products and people.D答案：B分析：改为 whose，形容词性代词，whom 只能当宾语翻译参考：流行艺术是一种五六十年的运动，它象征着容易被接受的米国产品和人。难度：117. Because the tachinid fly is a parasite of harmful insects, much species have been A B Cimported into the United States to combat insect pests.D答案：B分析：改为 many，修饰可数名词翻译参考：由于 T 蝇是害虫的寄生虫，因此许多物种被输入米国用来消灭害虫。难度：118. All almost the electricity for industrial use comes from large generators driven by A B C Dsteam turbines.答案：A分析：改为 Almost all，固定搭配没说的，多读。翻译参考：几乎所有工业用电来自蒸汽涡轮的巨型发电机。难度：219. The Egyptians first discovered that drying fruit preserved it, made it sweeter, and A B Cimprovement its flavor.D答案：D分析：改为 improved，and 前后并列结构。常考注意。翻译参考：埃及人首先发现干燥的水果易于保存，甜味更浓，味道更佳。难度：220. During his twelve year there, Ellsi Marsalis turned the New Orleans Center for the A BCreative Arts into a rich training place for future jazz stars.C D答案：A分析：改为 years，12 年为复数翻译参考：在那里的 12 年间，EM 把创新艺术的新泽西中心变成了一个明日之星的富家训练营。难度：221. Algebra is the branch of mathematics concerned with operations on sets of A Bnumbers or other elements that are often represented at symbols.C D答案：D分析：改为 by，见到 v+ed，就要想被动，想到 by，介词也是常考项目，注意。翻译参考：代数是数学的一个分支，是关于操作数和符号代表的其他元素的集合。难度：322. As her focus changed, the love poetry that Edna St. Vincent Millay produced in A B Cthe 1920s increasing gave way to poetry dealing with social injustice.D答案：D分析：改为 increasingly，找不到错时关注画线两边，副词修饰动词。翻译参考：随着她的焦点改变，由 E 于 19 世纪 20 年代创作的爱的诗集，大量的让位于处理社会不公正的诗集。难度：323. When a pearl is cut in half and examined under a microscope, but its layers can A B Cbe seen. D答案：C分析：改为去掉 but，多余，but 连接两个分句，when 引导从句。翻译参考：当一个珍珠被劈成两半，放在显微镜下检查，它的层状结构可被看到.难度：324. A conductor uses signals and gesture to let the musicians to know when to play A B C Dvarious parts of a composition.答案：C分析：改为去 to，let 后无 to翻译参考：指挥用信号和姿势让乐师们知道什么时候演奏不同的乐曲。难度：125. If a glass lizard loses its tails, a new one grows to replace it.A B C D答案：B分析：改为 tail，由后面的 it 知道这里是单数。翻译参考：如果眼睛蜥蜴失去了它的尾巴，一条新的会长出来代替它。难度：226. Many of the recording instruments used in vary branches of science are kymographs.A B C D答案：B分析：改为 various，此处应为形容词修饰名词。注意 vary 动词，various 形容词，variety名词，常考。翻译参考：许多记录仪器用在各分支科学领域，如波动曲线记录仪。难度：227. It was near end of prehistoric times that the first wheeled vehicles appeared.A B C D答案：A分析：改为 near the end。固定用法加冠词翻译参考：就是在史前时代末期，第一辆有轮车出现了。难度：228. Martin Luther King Jr.s magnificent speaking ability enabling him to effectively A B Cexpress the demands for social justice for Black Americans.D答案：B分析：改为 enable，全句无谓语，不能庸用分词。翻译参考：马丁路德金高超的演说能力使得他能有效的表达出为米国黑人争取社会的公平的要求。难度：229. Designers of athletic footwear finely tune each category of shoe to its particularly A B Cactivity by studying human motion and physiology.D答案：C分析：改为 particular，后面接的是名词，用形容词。注意不要误改 shoe，一定要看完四个选项，选错的最明显的。Shoe 这里是集合名词。翻译参考：运动鞋的设计者精美的调整每一种鞋的种类按照它特殊的活动，通过研究人类的运动和生理。难度：330. Gothic Revival architecture has several basis characteristics that distinguish it A B Cfrom other nineteenth-century architectural styles.D答案：B分析：改为 basic，形容词修饰。Basis 名词，base 动词，三者注意区分。翻译参考：哥特式复兴建筑有几个基本特征区分与十九时间其他的建筑形式。难度：331. Since rats are destructive and may carry disease, therefore many cities try to A B Cexterminate them.D答案：C分析：改为去掉 therefore，since 与 therefore 不连用，同 though，but。翻译参考：因为鼠类具有破坏性而且可以传输疾病，许多城市都努力灭之。难度：332. In the United States among 60 percent of the space on the pages of newspapers A Bis reserved for advertising.C D答案：A分析：改为 about 或去掉 among。Among 引导介词短语，此句就缺少主语。在其他试题中，among 与 during 互换，出现 among 应多注意。翻译参考：在米国，约 60的报纸空间保留给广告。难度：333. Recently in the automobile industry, multinational companies have developed to Athe point where such few cars can be described as having been made entirely in one B C Dcountry.答案：B分析：改为 very。Such 不与形容词连用。翻译参考：最近在汽车工业，跨国公司发展迅猛，现在很少汽车能完全在一个国家里制造。难度：334. Scientists believe that by altering the genetic composition of plants it is possible to Adevelop specimens that are resisting to disease and have increased food value.B C D答案：B分析：改为 resistant。Be resistant to 固定用法。翻译参考：科学家认为通过改变植物的基因组成，可以改进物种，可以抵抗疾病和增加产量。难度：235. The purpose of travelers checks is to protect travelers from theft and accidental A B Clost of money.D答案:D分析：改为 loss，of 前永远是名词，lost 是动词。翻译参考：检查旅客的目的是保护旅客免于盗窃和意外失财。难度：236. The early periods of aviation in the United States was marked by exhibition flights A Bmade