2017版高考英语一轮复习 第一部分 模块知识 unit 1-5新人教版必修1_3

Unit 4 Earthquakes 话题 自然灾害 为纪 念汶川大地震三周年，某英文 报发 起关 于灾区新貌的征文活 动 。 请 根据以下 图 片提示 ，以 “Great Changes”为题 ，用英 语 写一篇短 文 应 征。内容要点如下： 1某中学灾后三年来的 变 化，如教学与活 动场 所，以及 师 生精神面貌等； 2 发 生 变 化的原因； 3你的感想。 【 晨背范文 】 Great Changes I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years. Our school was damaged completely by a severe earthquake on May 12, 2008.However, our school is taking on a new look, full of life now.New classrooms, laboratory buildings and a big library have been put up.In the beautiful campus, teachers and students are living happily and working hard. As far as Im concerned, all the achievements are owed to the Party, our motherland and the whole warmhearted people all over the country.Without their help, there would be no new and beautiful schools today.So union is strength.Love can move everything! 话题词汇 1 drought 干旱 2 typhoon 台 风 3 sandstorm 沙 尘 暴 4 do damage to 对 造成破坏 5 natural disaster 自然灾害 6 relief supplies 救灾物 资 话题佳句 1 More and more people become aware that these disasters have much to do with what we have done to the earth. 越来越多的人开始 认识 到 这 些灾害与我 们对 地球的所作所 为 有很大关系。 2 Recently, the topic of air pollution has aroused more and more attention. 最近，空气 污 染的 话题 引起了越来越多的关 注。 3 Its high time that we took action to rebuild our green and clean environment. 确 实 到了我 们 采取行 动 重建我 们绿 色、整 洁 环 境的 时 候了。 .单词速忆 1 _ vt.埋葬；掩埋； 隐 藏 2 _ vt.&n.损 失； 损 害 3 _ vt.&n.援救； 营 救 4 _ vt.毁 灭 ；使破 产 n.废 墟； 毁 灭 bury damage rescue ruin 5 _ vt.破坏； 毁 坏；消 灭 _ (过 去式 ) _ (过 去分 词 ) 6 _ vi.爆裂；爆 发 n.突然破裂； 爆 发 _ (过 去式 ) _(过 去分 词 ) 7 _ vt.&vi.(使 )震惊；震 动 n.休 克；打 击 ；震惊 destroy destroyed destroyed burst burst burst shock 8 _ n陷阱；困境 vt.使陷入 困境 _(过 去式 ) _ (过 去分 词 ) 9 _ n事件；大事 10 _ vt.损 害； 伤 害 _ adj.受 伤 的 _ n 损 害； 伤 害 trap trapped trapped event injure injured injury 11 _ vt.& n裁判 员 ；法官；断定 ；判断；判决 _ n判断力； 评 价；判决 12 _ vt.使惊吓；吓 唬 _ adj.受惊的；受恐吓的 _ adj.令人恐惧的 13 _ vt.表示；表达 n.快 车 ；速 递 _ n表达；表示；表情 judge judgement frighten frightened frightening express expression 14 _ n 电 ； 电 流； 电 学 _ adj.用 电 的； 带电 的 _ adj.与 电 有关的； 电 学的 15 _ n祝 贺 ； (复数 )贺词 _ v祝 贺 16 _ adj.无用的；无效的 _ (反 义词 )有用的 17 _ adj.极度的 _ adv.极其；非常 electricity electric electrical congratulation congratulate useless useful extreme extremely .短语快译 1 _ 严 重受 损 ；破 败 不堪 2 _ 掘出； 发现 3 _ 因 而自豪 4 _ 不重 视 5 _ 立刻； 马 上 6 _ 好像 7 _ 结 束； 终结 8 _ 许 多；大量的 in ruins dig out be proud of /take pride in think little of right away as if at an end a (great) number of .句式仿写 1 It seemed as if the world was at an end! (It seemed as if ) 仿写：看起来似乎很多人都没把交通规则当 做一回事。 (2015江苏 ) _a great number of people think little of the traffic rules. 【 答案 】 It seems as if 2 Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.(everywhere引 导 地 点状 语 从句 ) 仿写：无论你走到哪里都应该遵守当地的风 俗。 _， you should follow the local customs. 【 答案 】 Everywhere you go 3.All hope was not lost.(all not 并非都 ) 仿写：在地震中并非所有的建筑物都被破坏 了。 _were not destroyed in the earthquake. 【 答案 】 All the buildings .单元语法 关系代词引导的定语从句 用适当的关系代 词 填空 1 The Great Wall is the place _ almost all tourists would like to visit. 2 The family_ members are all music lovers has moved to their new house. 3 Only those _ respect others can win their respect. 4 This is the most interesting film _ is directed by Xie Jin. 5 I will never forget the things and the persons _ I once worked with. 【 答案 】 1.that/which 2.whose 3.who 4.that 5.that .教材活用 根据 课 文内容，在空白 处 填入适当的内容 (1 个 单词 )或括号内 单词 的正确形式 Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei.For three days the water in the village wells kept rising and 1._ (fall) Farmers noticed that the well walls had deep cracks in them.A 2._ (smell) gas came out of the cracks. In 3._ farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous 4._ (eat) Mice ran out of the fields 5._ (look) for places to hide.Fish jumped out of their bowls and ponds.At about 3： 00 a m. 6._ July 28, 1976, some people 7._ (see) bright lights in the sky. The sound of planes could 8._ (hear) outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.But the one million people of the city,9._ thought little of these events， were asleep as 10._ (usually) that night. 【 答案 】 1.falling 2.smelly 3.the 4.to eat 5.looking 6 on 7.saw 8.be heard 9.who 10.usual 1 burst vi.(burst, burst)爆裂；爆发 n 突 然破裂；爆发 【 考点激活 】 The other two boys jumped up with fight, staring at Tom.Suddenly they _ out laughing. 另外两个男孩跳打起来，凝视着汤姆，忽然 ，他们放声笑起来。 (2013江西 ) (1)burst out doing sth. burst into n. 突然 起来 burst out crying/laughing burst into tears/laughter 突然哭起来 /笑 起来 (2)burst in/into 闯进；突然破门而入 (3)burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒 /悲痛 欲绝 /乐不可支 【 知识建构 】 When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for whatever his family might need, he burst into tears. 当我把礼品卡递给他，告诉他可以用它给家 人购买可能需要的任何东西的时候，他的眼泪 夺眶而出。 (2015课标 I) 【 图解助记 】 【 即时巩固 】 语法填空 I didnt know why he burst into _ (laugh) just now. He burst_ my room without knocking. When hearing the sad news, he burst out _ (cry) 【 答案 】 burst laughter in/into crying 2 ruin n U毁灭；毁坏；崩溃； 常用复 数 废墟；遗迹 vt.(使 )毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产 【 考点激活 】 Because of the earthquake, the ancient temple is now completely _. 由于地震， 这 座古 庙现 在是一片 废 墟。 (1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 fall into ruin 破败不堪；严重受损 bring sth.to ruin 使 毁灭；使 没落 in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 【 知识建构 】 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin ones plan/hope/image/future/health/ fame/chance 毁掉 的计划 /希望 /形象 /前 途 /健康 /名声 /机会 Dont let negativity ruin your motivation. 不要 让 消极 毁 掉你的 动 力。 (2015福建 ) 【 词义辨析 】 ruin 表示 “ 毁灭、毁坏 ” ，是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破 坏，使其毁灭。也可用于抽象意义 damage 指一定程度的损坏或损失，部分是可以修复的，可用作动词 或名词。作名词表示抽象的 “ 损坏；破坏 ” 时，为不可数名 词，构成词组 do/cause damage to sb./sth. destroy 表示 “ 毁坏 ” ，通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，其功能无法或难以 修复，也可用于损坏抽象的东西，如名誉、计划、契约等 No one was injured in the explosion, but the building was completely destroyed. 没有人在爆炸中受 伤 ，但大楼遭到了 彻 底 毁 坏。 【 易错点津 】 damage作 “损 坏，破坏， 损 失， 损 害 ”讲 是 不可数名 词 ，而 damages意 为 “赔偿 金 ”。 【 即时巩固 】 用 ruin, damage, destroy的适当形式填空 He was injured badly in a big fire, which _ the building completely.The accident did much _to his health and _ his future. 【 答案 】 in ruins destroyed damage ruined 3 injure vt.损害；伤害 【 考点激活 】 By now medical staff had arrived, and were looking after the_ woman. 此时医护人员已经到达并且在照顾那位受伤 的妇人。 (1)be/get injured in 在 中受伤 (2)injured adj.受伤的 the injured 伤员 (3)injury n伤；伤口；伤害 【 知识建构 】 【 词义辨析 】 injure 尤指在事故中伤害、使受伤，也可指对名誉、地位 的损害 wound 指使身体受伤，尤指用武器伤害，多指枪伤、刀伤 、刺伤等皮肉之伤 hurt 多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛 harm 用于表示精神或肉体上的伤害均可，有时也可指引 起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道 德的事情 【 图解助记 】 【 即时巩固 】 用 injure， wound， harm， hurt的适当形式填空 The soldier had to leave the army because of being _ in a battle.After that, he met with an accident, where he was not _ seriously.Unluckily, once what his wife said _ him and he began to drink all the day.It did _ to his health a lot. 【 答案 】 injured wounded injured hurt harm 4 bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸； 隐藏 【 考点激活 】 He _ under the ruins for several hours. 他被埋在 废 墟下面好几个小 时 。 (1)bury in 把 埋到 里 (2)be buried in bury oneself in 埋头于； 专心于 be buried in thought 沉思 【 知识建构 】 When I came in, my brother was buried in his homework. 我进来的时候，我弟弟正在专心做作业。 【 举一反三 】 表示 “专 心于；致力于 ”的短 语还 有： (1)be addicted to (2)be absorbed in (3)be devoted to (4)be lost in (5)focus on (6)concentrate on 【 即时巩固 】 一句多译 尽管条件很艰难，但是图画中的男孩仍在专 心读书。 (2015福建 ) Although the conditions are very hard, the boy in the picture _ _ .(be buried in ) Although the conditions are very hard, the boy in the picture _ . (bury in ) 【 答案 】 was buried is buried in reading is burying himself in reading 5 judge vt.& n 判断；判定；判决；法官 ；裁判 【 考点激活 】 Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you _ what you wear. 穿合适的衣服也很重要，因 为 当地人会根据 你穿的衣服来判断你。 (2014重庆 ) (1)judge from/by 从 来判断 judge between right and wrong 判断是非 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 (2)judging by /from 从 上看；根据 判断 (3)in ones judgement 依某人看来 【 知识建构 】 As far as I can judge, your son can judge between right and wrong. 我 认为 ，你儿子能 够 判断是非。 【 易错点津 】 judging from/by表示 “从 来看；根据 来判断 ”，用在句首作状 语时 ， 为 一个独立成 分，不受句子主 语 和 时态 的影响，只用 现 在分 词 而不用 过 去分 词 的形式。 【 即时巩固 】 语法填空 _ (judge) from his accent, he should come from Shenzhen. Dont judge a person _his appearance.Otherwise, you may make mistakes. 【 答案 】 by/from Judging by/from 1 at an end结束；终结 【 考点激活 】 The AntiJapanese War was finally at _ end in 1945. 抗日 战 争 终 于在 1945年 结 束了。 (1)at the end of 在 末 (端 )；在 尽 头 by the end of 到 末为止 (常与完成时 态连用 ) in the end 最后；终于 【 知识建构 】 (2)come to an end 完结 put an end to sth. 结束；终结 put/bring sth.to an end 结束 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入 为出 (3)end up with 以 结束 She scarcely earns enough money to make ends meet. 她几乎 挣 不到足 够 的 钱 以 维 持开支。 We brought the meeting to an end before 9 oclock. 我 们 在 9点前 结 束了会 议 。 【 即时巩固 】 语法填空 Smell the flowers before you go to sleep ， and you may just end up _sweet dreams. We _ (rescue) lots of people trapped under the ruins by the end of last Sunday. _the end, I persuaded him to bury himself in the research. 【 答案 】 an with had rescued In 2 a great number of许多；大量的 【 考点激活 】 Its reported that a great number of refugees _(crowd) into Europe since 2014. 据 报 道，自从 2014年以来很多 难 民涌入欧洲 。 a large/great/good/number of可数名词的 复数复数谓语动词形式 a great/good many可数名词的复数复数 谓语动词形式 large quantities of可数名词的复数复数 谓语动词形式 a great/good deal不可数名词单数谓语 动词形式 【 知识建构 】 a great/large amount of不可数名词单数 谓语动词形式 a great/large quantity of可数或不可数名词 谓语动词 (视情况而定 ) plenty of可数或不可数名词谓语动词 (视 情况而定 ) 【 易错点津 】 “a number of可数名词的复数形式 ”作主语 时，谓语动词用复数，意为 “许多的，大量的 ” ； “the number of可数名词的复数形式 ”作主 语时，谓语动词用单数，意为 “ 的数目 ”。 【 即时巩固 】 用所给动词的正确形式填空 A number of people _ (be)studying abroad nowadays. Yes.The number of people who are studying abroad _ (be) increasing. Large quantities of nuts _ (be) found inside trees hidden by squirrels. A great amount of money _ (have) been spent on the project. 【 答案 】 have crowded are； is are has 1 It seemed as if the world was at an