英语国家概况试题

英语国家概况试题 IRead the following unfinished statements or questions carefullyFor each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are givenChoose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the questionWrite the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet(50 points, 1 point for each) I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 1 point for each) 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Britain? A. Great Britain and England are geographical names. B. The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. C. Britain has four political divisions on the island of Great Britain. D. British Empire was replaced by the British Commonwealth in 1931. 2. The successful Roman invasion took place in _, headed by _. A. 43 AD, the Emperor Claudius B. 43 AD, Julius Caesar C. 55 BC, Julius Caesar D. 55 BC, the Emperor Claudius 3. During the fifth century when the Roman Empire fell, the Germanic _ invaded and conquered Britain. A. Angles and Celts B. Angles and Picts C. Angles and Britons D. Angles and Saxons 4. In the year 597, England began to be Christianized. It was mainly due to the work of _. A. St. Augustine B. Constantine C. Pope Gregory D. Ethelbert, king of Kent 5. _ is regarded by many Englishmen as the foundation of English liberties. A. The beginning of British Parliament B. The Peoples Charter C. The Petition of Right D. Magna Carta of 1215 6. _ is known as “the father of the British navy” as he founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea. A. Ethelred B. Alfred C. William D. Edward 7. Which of the following is NOT true about “Domesday Book”? A. It was compiled to discover how much to be called upon to pay by taxes. B. It was so called because it seemed to the English like the Book of Doom used on Judgment Day. C. It was completed as the result of a general survey of England. D. it is kept in the public library in London. 8. The Lollards were _ who had played a very important role in the Peasant Uprising of 1381. A. poor priests and itinerant preachers B. poets and writers C. merchants D. craftsmen 9. The word Renaissance is from _, meaning “rebirth”, and was first applied by the _ historian Jakob Burckhardt in 1860. A. English, Swiss B. French, Italian C. French, Swiss D. English, Italian 10. The significance of the Wars of the Roses was all the following EXCEPT that _. A. feudalism received its death blow B. the kings power now became limited C. the great medieval nobility was much weakened D. no less than 80 nobles of royal blood were killed in the wars 11. The Religious Reformation in England was led by King _, and the direct cause was his divorce case with _. A. Henry VIII, Catherine of Aragon B. Henry Tudor, Elizabeth of York C. Henry II, Eleanor of Aquitaine D. Henry I, Matilda 12. Which of the following statements is NOT true about Elizabeth I? A. Elizabeth I broke Marys ties with Rome. B. Elizabeth I restored her fathers independent Church of England. C. Elizabeth Is religious reform was a compromise of views. D. Elizabeth Is religious settlement was acceptable to both extreme Protestants and ardent Catholics. 13. After the Restoration, British Parliament passed a series of severe laws called _ against the Puritans, now known as Nonconformists. A. the Act of Succession B. the Petition of Right C. the Clarendon Code D. the Act of Supremacy 14. The spark of the First World War was struck at Sarajevo on June 28 _, when the _ Crown Prince Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by a Serbian nationalist. A. 1913, German B. 1914,Austrian C. 1913, Bulgarian D. 1914, English 15. The leader of the House of Lords is _. A. the Archbishops of Canterbury B. the Monarch C. the Prime Minister D. the Lord Chancellor 16. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of farming in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries? A. Use of artificial fertilizer. B. Introduction of new agricultural machinery. C. The “open-field” system. D. A system of crop rotation. 17. In the United Kingdom, police officers are NOT allowed to join _ or to go on strike. A. a trade union B. a political party C. a club D. a society 18. The Church of England is NOT free to change its form of worship, as laid down in _, without the consent of Parliament. A. the Bill of Rights B. the Provisions of Oxford C. the Constitutions of Clarendon D. the Book of Common Prayer 19. The British universities are governed by _ or by _ and enjoy academic freedom. A. royal charters, Act of Parliament B. the Peoples Charter, the Reform Act of 1832 C. the Great Charter, the Bill of Rights D. the Petition of Right, the Test Act 20. Rupert Murdochs News International, one of the largest publishing corporations, owns the following national papers EXCEPT _. A. the Times B. the Sun C. News of the World D. the Daily Telegraph 21.America was named after（ ）. A. Italian navigator Columbus B. navigator Amerigo Vespucci C. some Indian chieftain D. George Washington, founding father of the United States 22. Now about 80% to 90% of immigration to the United States is from _. A. Asian and Hispanic countries B. African countries C. European countries D. Central and South American countries 23. The Declaration of Independence clearly explained the political theory behind the American Revolution which came from _. A. the British philosopher John Locke B. the Italian philosopher John Locke C. the American president George Washington D. the American statesman Thomas Jefferson 24. In 1787, all of the states except Rhode Island were represented to revise the Articles of Confederation at _. A. the First Continental Congress B. the Second Continental Congress C. the Constitutional Convention D. the First US Congress 25. In 1865, _, which banned slavery, was added to the American Constitution. A. the Tenth Amendment B. the Thirteenth Amendment C. the Declaration of Independence D. the Bill of Rights 26. As a result of _, the territory owned by the United States almost doubled. A. the Louisiana Purchase B. the peace treaty with Mexico C. the Gadsden Purchase D. the armed uprising of the Americans in Texas 27. After the World War I, the result of the _ was the emergence of the _. A. Peace Conference, Treaty of Paris B. Paris Conference, Versailles Treaty System C. Teheran Conference, Versailles Treaty System D. Paris Conference, Munich Agreement 28. _ was not an idealist, not a dreamer, so he presented to Congress his program known as _. A. John F. Kennedy, the New Frontier B. Theodore Roosevelt, the New Deal C. Woodrow Wilson, the program of New Freedom D. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the New Deal 29. The decision of the setting-up of a world organizationthe United Nations was made at the _. A. Yalta Conference B. Geneva Conference C. Teheran Conference D. Paris Conference 30. The real purpose of the Marshal Plan is to _. A. prevent Greece and Turkey from falling into the hands of the Soviet Union B. support any country which said it was fighting against Communism C. help Western Europe recover from the disrupted industrial production D. prevent Western Europe from possible Soviet expansion 31. Which of the following is NOT true about McCarthyism? A. It was the reflection of anti-Communism on the American society. B. It refers to the anti-Communist hysteria in the United States. C. The court played a role in approving the lawfulness of anti-Communist activities. D. It frightened a large number of Americans who felt it would be more dangerous to conform than to disagree with the majority. 32. After the Geneva Conference, the United States replaced _ and became the main force in providing aid for _. A. France, the North Vietnam government B. France, the South Vietnam government C. Britain, the North Vietnam government D. Britain, the South Vietnam government 33. After the Watergate scandal happened in 1972, the President _ had to resign. He is the first president to do so in the U.S. history. A. Ronald Reagan B. Harry Truman C. John F. Kennedy D. Richard Nixon 34. _ was elected president because in the late 1970s, the American society turned conservative. A. Ronald Reagan B. Jimmy Carter C. Richard M. Nixon D. George Bush 35.In Britain, the First Civil War was fought between the Roundheads who were the parliamentary soldiers led by（ ）, and the Cavaliers who were King Charless supporters. A. John LilburneB. Oliver Cromwell C. Prince RupertD. William Joyce 36.The objective of the Chartist Movement was democratic rights for all men, and it took its name form“（ ）”. A. The Bill of RightsB. The Agreement of the People C. the Peoples CharterD. the Great Charter 37.By（ ）Britain had built up a big empire, “on which the sun never set”. A. 1900B. 1910 C. 1920D. 1930 38.In Britain, the Speaker is a member who is acceptable to all shades of opinion in （ ）. A. the Privy CouncilB. the House of Lords C. the Supreme CourtD. the House of Commons 39.The British government departments are staffed by members of（ ）, whose duty is to assist in carrying out laws passed by Parliament. A. the Civil ServiceB. the Privy Council C. the House of LordsD. the House of Commons 40.The modern games of tennis originated in（ ）in the late 19th century. A. ScotlandB. Ireland C. EnglandD. Wales 41Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death? AMuch land was left untended. BThere was a terrible shortage of labour. CThe surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining. DLandowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming 42The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called _. ARomantic poetry BRomantic fiction CElizabethan poetry DElizabethan drama 43The new policies adopted by MrsThatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as _. AThatcherism Bthe New Deal CNew Frontier DKeynesianism 44Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain? AThe Queen BThe Parliament CThe House of Lords DThe Church of England 45Bank holidays in Britain refer to _. Aofficial public holidays Bholidays for the banks only Cpublic holidays except for the banks Dholidays for the financial institutions only 46Which statement about the British universities is NOT true? AThey enjoy academic freedom. BThey cannot appoint their own staff. CThey are governed by royal charters. DThey provide their own courses and award their own degrees. 47_, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century. ABasketball BTennis CFootball DBaseball 48When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called _. Athe Southern States of America Bthe Federalist States of America Cthe Confederate States of America Dthe Anti-confederate States of America 49In the early 19th century, _ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States. AJ.PMorgan BWoodrow Wilson CHenry Rockefeller DTheodore Roosevelt 50The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American _. Areligious intolerance Bintolerant nationalism CProgressive Movement Dderegulation of big trusts II. Answer the Questions. (30 points, 3 points for each) Directions: Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet. 51What are the main functions of the British Parliament? 52What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years? 53. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain? 54. What dose the British Parliament consist of? 55. Why did the American Civil War break out? 56. What happened to the French colony after the Seven Years War between Britain and France? 57. What are the main contents of Thatcherism? 58. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out?What was the significance of it? 59. What are the implications of “Manifest Destiny”? 60. How often does a general election take place in Britain? III. Term Explanation. (20 points, 5 points for each) Directions: Explain each of the following terms in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the Answer Sheet in around 40 words. 61. Open University 62. The Renaissance 63. NHS 64. The Industrial Revolution KEYS: 1.C 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10.B 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. B 29.A 30. D 31. D 32. B 33.D 34.B 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. A 40.C 41. C 42. D 43. A 44.A 45. A 46.B 47.C 48.C 49. D 50.B 51. to pass law to provide, by voting for taxtation, the means of carrying on the work of govto examine gov policy and administration to debate the major issues of day 52. France and Spain 53. the head of State is a King or Queen. The monarchy is the oldest institution of gov, dating back to at least the 9th C. 54. Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Common 55. when Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation(the Confederate States of America). However, Lincoln was determined to maintain the Union, so the war broke out on Ap