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LF804拖拉机传动箱壳体数控加工工艺及加工中心夹具设计

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LF804拖拉机传动箱壳体数控加工工艺及加工中心夹具设计.zip

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A型支撑板.dwg

传动箱壳体.dwg

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圆柱定位销.dwg

夹具体.dwg

菱形定位销.dwg

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关键词：: lf804 拖拉机传动壳体数控加工工艺中心夹具设计

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!【包含文件如下】【机械类设计类】CAD图纸+word设计说明书.doc【需要咨询购买全套设计请企鹅97666224】.bat

01任务书(带参考文献).docx

02开题报告.docx

03中英文翻译.doc

04说明书大纲.doc

05设计说明书.doc

1.txt

A型支撑板.dwg

传动箱壳体.dwg

加工中心夹具.dwg

圆柱定位销.dwg

夹具体.dwg

机械加工工艺卡片.doc

菱形定位销.dwg

表二工艺过程.docx

装配图.dwg

摘要...............................................................II

Abstract.......................................................... III

第一章零件的分析..................................................1

1.1 零件的分析...................................................1

1.2 零件的功用...................................................2

1.3 零件的工艺分析...............................................2

第二章制定工艺规程................................................3

2.1 零件定位基准的选择...........................................3

2.2 加工阶段的划分...............................................3

2.3 传动箱加工顺序...............................................3

2.4 工序的集中与分散.............................................4

第三章制定加工工艺路线及机床刀具选择..............................5

3.1 制定加工工艺路线.............................................10

3.2 加工工艺的选择...............................................10

3.3 机床、刀具的选择.............................................11

3.4 加工余量及切削用量的确定.....................................12

第四章夹具体的设计.................................................13

4.1 加工中心的夹具设计...........................................14

结论...............................................................16

参考文献...........................................................17

LF804拖拉机传动箱体加工工艺及加工中心夹具的设计

摘要

该LF804拖拉机传动箱箱体的加工工艺及加工中心的夹具的设计主要是箱体上一些平面的加工以及各平面上一些孔系的加工。在箱体类零件的加工过程中，主要是平面与一些孔系的相对位置的公差要求，以及表面粗糙度的要求，直接影响箱体上各个运动零件之间的安装精度等等。在本设计中，我们采用一面两销的固定方法，本次设计拖拉机箱体有关于加工工艺的安排和加工中心夹具的设计。随着机械行业的迅速发展，基本上都采用自动化生产技术，实现加工工艺过程的优化控制。

【关键词】工艺、工序、夹具

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内容简介：: 译文题目： Application of flexible manufacturing technology in tractor box parts manufacturing process 箱体零件的柔性制造技术在拖拉机制造中的应用Application of flexible manufacturing technology in tractor box parts manufacturing processFlexible manufacturing technology of 1 foreign box parts1.1 flexible automatic lineTo adapt to the production of many varieties, in the early 80 century, developed a flexible automatic line (FTL) (see Figure 1). This type of automatic line is flow and connected through automation according to a certain direction of the workpiece by multiple CNC automatic processing station. In numerical control machining position of specific processing tasks can choose different types of numerical control processing module and the processing module according to the CNC CNC axes, uniaxial, biaxial and triaxial control; according to the number of spindle, single spindle and multi spindle machining module. Because these modules are CNC, therefore, when the automatic line workpieces by processing of such species conversion is another variety of the workpiece, by changing the NC program to realize the automatic tool change and automatic replacement of multi spindle box and automatically change the stroke process, cycle work, cutting parameters and machining position, in order to adapt to processing of variant species.For processing automobile cylinder block, cylinder head and the gearbox and other body parts of flexible automatic production line, CNC three axis machining module and turret multi axis processing module is the most commonly used modules. The two processing module, not only can be used to implement different varieties of workpiece processing and when the automatic line takt time is long enough, this kind of processing module can also in the same position on the processing by the automatic tool change or change box in order to achieve multi-channel processes (such as the rough boring, semi fine boring and fine boring; drilling, reaming and tapping, thereby reducing line automatic processing number, shorten the length of the automatic line. In addition, moving column type CNC three axis machining module can also use X and Y axis linkage to achieve peripheral milling process, especially in the milling like aluminum alloy gear box the poor rigidity of the workpiece, the smaller diameter of cutter milling at a high cutting speed (2500m / min) thereby reducing the processing of cutting force and workpiece deformation.1.2 flexible production line consisting of high speed machining centersAt present, like automobile engine cylinder block, cylinder head and gear box the box pieces, not only varieties increased and in 6 to 8 years often will be replaced by the new varieties of workpiece. In the medium and large volume production, not only strong demand production equipment should not only to adapt to many varieties of workpiece processing has been determined, and even requested the equipment can adapt has yet to be determined in the future to be the development of variant species of processing. Obviously, flexible automatic line due to its structural flaws, it is difficult to do such production tasks.Since 1993, the appeared composed of high-speed machining center and flexible production line, because it has a high production efficiency, high machining flexibility and ability to flexible, so can meet the needs of the current processing tasks, can also through the adjustment of the equipment or extended to adapt to future processing task. Therefore, increasingly, the flexible production line, mass production enterprises used.Flexible production line is a kind of automatic lines and flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) hybrid production system features. This production line is composed of a plurality of Taiwan has a complementary and mutual function for high speed machining center connected by transmission system transmission in a certain direction of the workpiece. The production line is to use directional transport of material flow, so that the workpiece conveying system is very simple, often can use rolling conveying bring the workpiece to achieve the continuous conveyor, and the conveyor system can be up to the middle of the workpiece storage function, so it is to improve the utilization rate of the machine tool. Flexible production line in the process arrangement, usually is to allocate processing using the automatic line of traditional processing method, a processing center in a production line is according to the predetermined process and flow direction are sequentially arranged, and in each processing unit of at least two Taiwan industry and Trade Center for parallel processing (the same processing task completion). So, compared with the flexible manufacturing system of free distribution of processing tasks, the host computer can not only save for scheduling, but also can be used to improve fixture and tool. Compared with the flexible automatic line, due to the use of parallel processing, flexible production line can make full use of machine production capacity, when a machine malfunction shutdown, other machines can continue to work. This production line technology utilization rate can be as high as 90%.The system structure flexible production line equipment is relatively simple, easy operation, convenient maintenance. The production line because of its high machining flexibility and capability flexibility and can timely adjust according to the market demand for products, when necessary can be expansion, can make a rapid response to the market changes. Therefore, people often use the flexible production line called agile manufacturing system.The core equipment flexible production line is of high speed machining center. This type of machining center with high spindle speed, axial acceleration and travel speed. So the processing center can use very high cutting speed and feed speed of high speed machining, thus greatly shorten the cutting time. At the same time, the processing center and through fast moving, and positioning the function components of the ATC (and fast switching tray) significantly shorten the auxiliary time and. Cutting time and auxiliary time greatly shortened, the high-speed machining center in production efficiency has reached the high level of modular machine tool that, to high speed machining center into mass production field to create the conditions.Figure 2 is a flexible production line for processing V6, V8 and V10 cast iron and aluminum cylinder. Processing V10 cylinder, the machine by a little modification. The machining of cast iron and Aluminum Alloy with different amount of processing time for 90s cast cylinder, Aluminum Alloy cylinder is 45s.Flexible production line consists of 17 processing unit, the processing unit in accordance with the technological process arranged on both sides of the central material flow. The processing unit is basically composed of the same machine, to complete the task of processing the same (parallel processing).Each processing unit is a delivery device and a central conveying system is connected and the workpiece handling through the empty frame.The matching system of machine tool and process of machining the workpiece can be optimized in time and process, the quality of flexible production line is modular machine tool automatic line. The advantages of this equipment is more flexible and high utilization rate of equipment, therefore, in recent years, more and more flexible production lines, and become a kind of development is very obvious trend in the automotive industry.2 domestic machining currentIn China in recent years to build a car factory, the introduction of foreign technology and production program are in annual 15 million (the second phase of the project will reach an annual output of 30 million), so the box parts production line and equipment level is higher, but mostly adopts the high efficiency combined machine tool automatic line. Few production line in addition to the modular machine tool also uses the several CNC three axis machining unit, turret or automatically for box type machine tools, the composition of mixed type production system, to adapt to the processing of multiple varieties and the need to reduce the number.Along with the further development of Chinas automobile industry, must also be more by flexible automatic line and pseudo flexible manufacturing system, and the development of high-speed machining center, the agile manufacturing system is introduced to the processing field of car body parts. For a long time, in Chinas automobile industry especially automobile industry, technology and equipment of machining these parts mainly rely on imports. Such as in 1998, Shanghai GM engine plant (SGM) from German Grob company introduced consisting of 20 BZ500 type high speed machining center of the cylinder cover (V6) flexible production line and composed of high-speed machining center 8 BZ400 type, a BZ500 type of and an automatic line of the gearbox body mixed processing system. To reverse this situation, the machine tool industry in our country should learn from foreign useful experience and according to the needs of the market and developed as soon as possible the efficient and flexible equipment, to meet the needs of the development of Chinas automobile industry.箱体零件的柔性制造技术在拖拉机制造中的应用1 国外箱体零件的柔性制造技术1.1 柔性自动线为适应多品种生产，在上世纪80年代初，开发出了柔性自动线(FTL)(见图1)。这类自动线是由多个数控自动化加工工位通过自动化的按一定方向的工件流联接而成的。在数控加工工位上视具体加工任务可选用不同类型的数控加工模块，这些加工模块按其数控轴数，有单轴、双轴和三轴控制；按其主轴数，有单主轴和多主轴加工模块。由于这些模块是数控的，因此，当自动线由加工此种品种的工件转换为另一种品种的工件时，可通过改变数控程序来实现自动换刀、自动更换多主轴箱和自动改变加工行程、工作循环、切削参数以及加工位置等，以适应变型品种的加工。对于加工汽车缸体、缸盖和变速箱体等箱体类零件的柔性自动线，CNC三轴加工模块和转塔式多轴加工模块是最常用的模块。这两种加工模块，不仅可用于实现不同品种工件的加工，而且，当自动线节拍时间足够长时，这类加工模块还可以在同一个加工工位上通过其自动换刀或换箱依次实现多道加工工序(如粗镗、半精镗和精镗；钻孔、扩孔和攻丝)，从而减少自动线的加工工位数，缩短自动线的长度。另外，立柱移动式CNC三轴加工模块还可利用x轴和y轴的联动来实现周边铣削工艺，特别是在铣削像铝合金变速箱体这类刚性较差的工件时，可采用较小直径的铣刀以很高的切削速度(2500mmin)进行铣削，由此减小加工时的切削力和工件的变形。1.2 高速加工中心组成的柔性生产线目前，像汽车发动机的缸体、缸盖和变速箱体这类箱体件，不仅品种增多，而且在6-8年中往往将被新的工件品种所替代。在中、大批量生产中，不但强烈要求生产设备不仅要适应已确定的多品种工件的加工，甚至还要求这种设备能适应还尚未确定的今后有待发展的变型品种的加工。显然，柔性自动线由于其结构上的缺点，难于胜任这样的生产任务。1993年以来相继出现由高速加工中心组成的柔性生产线，由于它具有高的生产效率，高的加工柔性和能力柔性，所以既能满足当前的加工任务，也能通过设备的调整或扩充来适应未来的加工任务，因而，这种柔性生产线愈来愈多地被中、大批量生产的企业所采用。柔性生产线是一种兼有自动线和柔性制造系统(FMS)特征的混合型生产系统。这种生产线是由若干台具有互补和互替功能的高速加工中心通过按一定方向传送工件的输送系统连接而成。由于生产线是采用定向输送的物料流，所以工件输送系统十分简单，往往可采用滚动输送带来实现工件的连续输送，并且这种输送系统可以起到工件的中间贮存作用，故有利于提高机床的利用率。柔性生产线在工序流程的安排上，通常是采用自动线的传统加工方式来分配加工工序，生产线上的加工中心是按这种预定的工序和流程方向依次进行排列，并且在每个加工单元上至少安排两台加工中心进行平行加工(完成相同的加工任务)。这样，它与柔性制造系统自由分配加工任务的方式相比，不仅可省去用于调度的主计算机，而且可以改善夹具和刀具的使用。而与柔性自动线相比，由于采用平行加工，柔性生产线可以充分

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