中考第一轮复习之动词的时态 ppt课件

第29课 动词的时态 真题题体验验 ( )1. What did you do yesterday evening, Gina? I _ Titanic 3D in the City Cinema. (2012温州 ) A. watch B. watched C. am watching D. will watch B 真题题体验验 ( )2. Could you tell me what he said just now? Sorry, I _ what was happening outside. (2012宁 波) A. had thought B. was thinking C. thought D. think B 真题题体验验 ( )3. Ssh, be quiet! The baby _ in the next room. Oh, sorry. (2012衢州) A. sleeps B. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping C 真题题体验验 ( )4. When can I see the doctor, madam? Let me see. Sorry, you _ your turn, so youll have to wait again. (2012丽水 ) A. are missing B. have missed C. will miss D. missed B 真题题体验验 ( )5. What would you do if it _ tomorrow? We have to carry it on, since were got everything ready. (2012 苏州) A. is raining B. rains C. will rain D. rain B 考点解读读 动词的时态一直是中考考查的重点内容。对时态 的考查主要集中在一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将 来时、现在进行时和现在完成时。 考向聚焦 热点考向一 一般现在时 一般现在时用动词原形来表示。当主语为第三人称 单数时，动词要变为第三人称单数形式。 1. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作、存在的状态或现阶 段的习惯行为。常用的时间状语：every day, usually, always, often, sometimes, on Sunday, once a week 等。 如：I go to school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七 点去上学。 2. 表示目前的情况、特点或状态。 如：I am a teacher. 我是教师。 She likes watching TV. 她喜欢看电视。 考向聚焦 3. 表示客观存在及普遍真理或者表示格言或警句等 。 如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起 。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事 竟成。 4. 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，用一般现在 时表将来。 如：I will tell him the news as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就把消息告诉他。 He will go swimming if he is free tomorrow. 如 果明天有空他要去游泳。 考向聚焦 5. begin, come, go, leave, start, stop, arrive, return, open, close等动词常用一般现在时表示按计划 、规定将要发生的动作。 如：The train starts at 700 pm.火车将于晚上7 点出发。 考向聚焦 【例1】 He said that light _much faster than sound. (2011 枣庄) A. has travelled B. went C. travels D. travelled 解析：在宾语从句中尽管主句的时态为过去时，从句 若表示真理则仍用一般现在时。 C 考向聚焦 热点考向二 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的动作或存在的状 态 或过去反复发生的动作。常与two years ago, just now, yesterday, last week等时间状语连用。 2. 在没有明确的过去时间状语的情况下，要通过上下 文或语意来判断。 如：I bought a watch for my son.我买了一个手表给 我的儿子。 考向聚焦 【例2】 Will Mary go to the movie with us? I dont think so. She _ to go shopping. (2012 绍兴) A. decides B. decided C. will decide D. has decided 解析：由语境可知“她决定去购物”的行为是过去 发 生的。故用一般过去时。 B 考向聚焦 【例3】 Havent I told you that you should be home earlier? Yes, but I _ home earlier than I usually do. (2012 包头) A. was coming B. will come C. came D. had come 解析：句意：难道我没告诉你应该早点回来。是， 但是我比平时早点回家。由语境可知“回家”是过 去式。 C 考向聚焦 【例4】 I have been to Shanghai. I _ there last month. (2012天 津) A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go 解析：“last month上个月”表过去时间，须用一 般过去式。 B 考向聚焦 热点考向三 一般将来时 1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与 tomorrow, next day, in a few minutes等时间状语连用。 2. 句子基本结构： (1)will do. 如： I will go fishing this afternoon. 下午我会去钓鱼。 (2)be going to do. 表示即将发生的事或打算、计 划或准备要做的事。 (3)come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一 般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或 安排好的事。如： The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明 天上午六点开。 考向聚焦 (4)come, go, move, leave, stay等动词的现在进行 时可以表示按计划将要发生的事。如： Im leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。 They are going camping for vacation.他们度假 要去野营。 Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿 呆到下周吗？ (5)在时间状语和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表 示将要发生的事。如： If you come, Ill be happy.如果你来，我会很高兴 。 Ill give him the message, as soon as he comes back.他一回来我就给你消息。 考向聚焦 【例5】 I hope Tim can come to my birthday. Then we _ a much happier time. (2012绵 阳) A. have B. had C. will have D. have had 解析：句意：我希望Tim能来参加我的生日。那么我们 会玩得更高兴。由语境可知“玩得高兴”还未发生。故 用一般将来时。 C 考向聚焦 【例6】 I _ to the cinema. Would you like to come with me? (2012 大连) A. go B. am going C. have gone D. went 解析：由下文“你愿意跟我一起来吗？”可知“去电影 院”还未发生。 B 考向聚焦 【例7】 If there is any change to the plan, I _ you as soon as possible. (2011宿迁) A. told B. have told C. tell D. will tell 解析：根据上文“如果我有机会”可知还未发生，须用 一般将来时。 D 考向聚焦 热点考向四 现在进行时 1. 现在进行时表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作 及行为，常和now, at this time, these days等时间状语 连用。句子基本结构为：be动词am/is/are现在分词。 如：Look, they are running.看，他们正在跑步。 Bill is working for our school team.比尔正为我们的校 队效力。 2. “系动词介词或副词”可表示正在进行的动作。 如：He is at work.他在上班。 考向聚焦 3. 现在进行时有时可代替一般将来时，表示按计划 即将发生的动作。但此时一般要与表将来的时间状语连 用，且只有少数动词有此用法。如：come, go, start, arrive, leave, return, set out/off等。 如：My aunt is coming tomorrow.我的阿姨明天 要来。 4. 不用进行时态的情况。 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词，如see, hear, smell, taste，hope, like等。 表示拥有的动词，如have, own, belong等。 表示理解、记忆或决定的动词，如understand, know, remember, forget, decide等。 考向聚焦 【例8】 Could you help me do the dishes? Sorry, my sister _ for me outside now. (2012孝感) A. waits B. will wait C. is waiting D. was waiting 解析：now是现在进行时标志性词。 C 考向聚焦 【例9】 Please turn off the TV. The baby _ OK. Ill go out for a walk. (2011苏 州) A. sleeps B. slept C. is sleeping D. was sleeping 解析：联系上文“请关掉电视”和下文“好的，我将出 去散步”可判断用现在进行时表示宝宝正在睡觉。 C 考向聚焦 【例10】 Wheres Tom? His mother _ him now. (2011 北京) A. is looking for B. will look for C. has looked for D. looks for 解析：now为关键词，意为“现在”，常与现在进行时 连用。 A 考向聚焦 热点考向五 过去进行时 1. 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的 行为或动作，常与at that time, this time yesterday, at 8 oclock yesterday evening, when he came in连用 。 2. 句子基本结构为：was/weredoing。 考向聚焦 【例11】 Where were you this morning? I_ in the supermarket. (2012河北) A. will shop B. am shopping C. was shopping D. have shopped 解析：询问今天早上你正在哪里，可用过去进行时 回答。 C 考向聚焦 【例12】 I was at the cinema at nine oclock yesterday evening. What about you? I _ TV at home. (2012铜 仁) A. am watching B. was watching C. will watch D. watched 解析：表述“发生在昨天晚上9点的事”用过去进行时。 B 考向聚焦 热点考向六 现在完成时 1. 句子基本结构：主语have/has done(动词 过去分词)。 2. 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现 在造成的影响或结果。通常与already, yet, just, from then on, so far, in the past(last) few years连用。句 中的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。 3. 现在完成时表示从过去已经开始，持续到现在的 动作或状态，并有可能持续下去，常与“since时间点” 或“for时间段”连用。句中的谓语动词常用延续性动词 。 记住一个句型： It is/has been时间段since. 考向聚焦 4. 表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事，常与 never, ever, before, once, three times等连用。句中 的谓语动词常用短暂性动词。 5. have/has been to.表示“曾经去过某地”； have/has gone to.表示“去了某地，还没回来”； have/has been in/at.表示在某地呆了多久，且须与表 一段时间的状语连用。 注：若have/has been 后接的是地点副词here, there时，则不用介词to, in或at。 考向聚焦 6. 有关短暂性动词： (1)短暂性动词在现在完成时中不能和表示一段时间的状 语连用，但在否定句中可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 (2)短暂性动词不能出现在由how long引导的疑问句中 ，但可以和already, never, just, ever, before等连用。 7. 短暂性动词的用法： (1)短暂性动词与短暂性时间(时间点)连用。 如：He joined the Party three years ago. 他入党三年 了(他三年前入党的)。 (2)用“It is/has been时间段since.”句型。 如：It is/has been three years since I bought the book. 这本书我买了三年了(从买这本书起到现在已三年了) 。 考向聚焦 (3)短暂性动词转换成延续性动词或形容词、介词等表状 态短语可与“for时间段”或“since时间点”连用。 buy /receivehavestart/beginbe on borrowkeepjoinbe in put onwearlosebe lost becomebeopenbe open come back /returnbe backclosebe closed go outbe outfinishbe over go/leavebe awaydiebe dead get upbe upmarrybe married wakebe awakefall asleepbe asleep 考向聚焦 【例13】 Mike, why are you watching TV again? I _ my homework. (2012 嘉兴) A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished 解析：回答“你为什么又在看电视”可用现在完成时表 述“我已经完成作业”。 C 考向聚焦 【例14】 Alice in wonderland _ for 15 days and many of us like the film very much. (2012 镇江) A. begins B. has begun C. began D. has been on 解析：“for 15 days”表一段时间，与现在完成时连 用；begin是短暂性动词，其完成时不能与表示一段时 间连用，可转换成介词短语be on的完成时。 D 考向聚焦 【例15】 Are you a soccer player in your school? Yes, I _ the team two years ago. I _ in the team for two years. (2012 宜宾) A. have joined; have been B. was joined; am C. joined; was D. joined; have been 解析：“two years ago两年前”过去时间与过去式连 用；“for two years长达两年”一段时间与完成时连 用。 D 考向聚焦 . 用方框中所给词的正确形式填空 travel not work leave write visit 1. Can I help you? I bought the pen yesterday. But it _ 2. She told us she _ the Summer Palace the next day. 3. He told me he _ a letter to his pen pal when I called him. 4. They _ for England tomorrow. 5. My father told me the light _ faster than the sound. doesnt work would visit was writing are leaving travels 考向聚焦 . 词汇运用 1. Tom and Linda have been _ (结婚) for ten years, but theyve never quarreled. (2012黄 冈) 2. He borrowed my iPhone 4s and hasnt _ (归还 ) it to me. (2012宁 波) 3. The living conditions in the countryside have _ (改善)a lot. (2012恩施 ) 4. Youve d_ so much wine. You mustnt drive.(2012杭 州) 5. Tom and Jerry r_ their bikes to Uncle Mas Farm twice a month. (2012宁 波) 6. Mr. Zhang _ (teach) us English three years ago. (2012滨 州) married returned improved runk ide taught 考向聚焦 7. Wheres Miss Wang? Look, she _ (talk) with the students.(2012 滨州) 8. Mr. Liu isnt here now. He _ (go) to Beijing. (2012滨 州) 9. Mr. Green _ (watch) TV at this time last night. (2012滨 州) 10. There _ (be) a meeting in our school tomorrow afternoon. (2012滨 州) is talking has gone was watcing will be 领领悟语语法 . 单项选择 ( )1. Mom, when can I go out to play football? Finish your homework first, or I _let you go out. (2011 威海) A. dont B. didnt C. wont D. havent 解析：考查动词词态。句意：妈妈，我什么时候可以出 去踢足球？首先完成作业，否则，我不会让你出去的。 可知，本句用一般将来时，故选C。 C 领领悟语语法 ( )2. Lets discuss the plan, shall we? Not now. I _ to an interview.(2012 安徽) A. go B. went C. am going D. was going 解析：考查动词时态。句意：让我们讨论一下这个计划 ，好吗？不是现在。我要去做个采访。故选C。 C 领领悟语语法 ( )3. I called you this morning, but nobody answered it. Oh, we _ some running in the park. (2012 日照) A. are doing B. were doing C. have done D. did 解析：考查动词时态。询问今天早上打电话那个时刻在 做什么，须用过去进行时。 B 领领悟语语法 ( )4. Jenny told me that she _ an English Speech Contest the next month. (2012 上海) A. takes part in B. is taking part in C. took part in D. would take part in 解析：考查动词时态。主句谓语动词(told)是一般过去 时，从句的时间状语“the next month下个月”表示将 来。因此从句的谓语动词须用过去将来时。故选D。 D 领领悟语语法 ( )5. _ you _ Jeremy ShuHow Lin? Yes. The oncenameless young man became a basketball hero suddenly. (2012 日照) A. Did; hear B. Do; listen to C. Have; heard of D. Have; listened to 解析：考查动词时态及词义辨析。hear sb. 听见某人说 话；listen to sb.听某人说话；hear of sb.听说某人 。句意：你听说林书豪了吗？是的，这个无名英雄突然 间成为篮球英雄。故选C。 C 领领悟语语法 ( )6. Why was he late for school yesterday? He overslept. By the time he got to the bus stop, the bus _ already _. (2012 襄阳) A. was; leaving B. has; left C. would; leave D. had; left 解析：考查动词时态。句意：公交车在他到公交车站前 开走了。从句的谓语动词got是过去式，主句的谓语动作 发生在从句的谓语动作之前，须用过去完成时。故选D。 D 领领悟语语法 ( )7. Amy, I called you yesterday evening, but nobody answered the phone. Oh, I _ a walk with my mother at that time. (2011 宁波) A. take B. took C. am taking D. was taking 解析：考查动词时态。根据上文可知打电话发生在昨晚 ，下文“at that time”意为在“那时候”，推断此处 应用过去进行时。故选D。 D 领领悟语语法 ( )8. Mr. White came to our school in 2008, and since then he _ us English. (2011 盐城) A. teaches B. taught C. has taught D. will teach 解析：考查动词时态。since then意为“从那以后到现 在为止”，句中的时态为现在完成时。故选C。 C 领领悟语语法 ( )9. Paul and I _ tennis yesterday. He did much better than I. (2011 北京) A. play B. will play C. played D. are playing 解析：考查动词时态。关键词yesterday，须用一般过去 时。故选C。 C 领领悟语语法 ( )10. I _ along the road when I saw Peter. So we stopped and had a chat. (2011盐城) A. walked B. was walking C. would walk D. had walked 解析：考查动词时态。过去进行时与when连用表示过去 正在发生某事，突然插入一个时间点。句意：我在沿马 路上走的时候看到了彼得。因此我们停下聊了起来。故 选B。 B 领领悟语语法 ( )11. My aunt is a writer. She _ more than ten books since 1980. (2011 北京) A.