天津大学2013级英语在线测试样题带答案及翻译.pdf

1 自己整理的答案，题的顺序可能会不一样，希望对大家有帮助！ 填空： What the mass media offers is not popular art, but entertainment which is intended to be _ like food, forgotten, and replaced by a new dish. 选择一项： expended spent paid consumed消耗 For many people, an important aspect(方面)of overcoming Internet and computer addiction is to find _ ways to handle these difficult feelings. 选择一项： alternative替代的 permanent永久的 changeable多变的；不定的; renewable可再生的; Water purification is the _ of contaminants （污染物） from raw water to produce drinking water that is pure enough for human consumption or for industrial use. 选择一项： departure离开 dismissal解雇 refusal拒绝 removal去除 In modern times, a handful of technological wonders that started out as novelties(novelty 的名词复数;新奇的人事物), have become _ to our daily routines. 选择一项： liable 有责任，有义务的 vulnerable 易受伤害的 2 compatible兼容的，和谐的 indispensable 不可缺少 Its true that humanity has seen a _ of crises, wars and atrocities(暴行), but this negative side is offset by advances in technology and cultural exchanges. 选择一项： pair succession 继承人，一系列（a succession of 一连串的） line fraction 分数（a fraction of 一小部分） From primitive(原始的)developments such as the wheel and paper to todays high-tech gadgets(小机械，小器具( gadget 的名词复数 ), theres certainly no _ of impressive developments that have changed the way we live and work. 选择一项： use shortage sense matter There is only one way to happiness and that is to cease(停止) worrying about things which are _ the power of our will. 选择一项： beyond by through off Engineers may help produce guided missiles(导弹), industrial robots, or _ limbs for the physically handicapped(身体残疾). 选择一项： artificial人造的; 3 articulate发音清晰的;善于表达的;有关节的; artistic艺术的;有美感的;风雅的; authentic真的，真正的;可信的，可靠的;有根据的; Most studies on innovation（创新，改革） have shown that it is often more difficult for large corporations(公司) to _ the same level of creativity and freedom as start-ups. 选择一项： maintain 保持，维持 contain包含 sustain维持;支撑，支持;遭受 refrain抑制，克制 Most new technologies, with the exception of those associated with weaponry(武器), have had hugely _ effects for most people extending(延伸) our capabilities and indeed our lives to an extent(程度) that our ancestors could not have imagined. 选择一项： beneficial urgent急迫的 formal harmful Economists have long focused on the concept of education as an investment(投资) that, on average, _ well over the long term, for both individual students and society as a whole. 选择一项： makes for造成，促成： pays for pays off 还款，使得益于 makes up Email, blogs, social networks, instant messaging(即时通信), and message boards allow for both public and _ communication about any topic. 4 选择一项： wordless confidential 秘密的，亲密的 verbal口头的，非书面的 anonymous 匿名的 While time spent online can be hugely productive, compulsive(极有趣的;令人着迷的;因 着迷而引起的;强迫性的;) Internet use can _ daily life, work, and relationships. 选择一项： take up占用; 开始从事; 接受 break through攻破; 突围，突破; 猛涨; makes for造成，促成：有或促使有某种特定的效果或者结果的 interfere with影响; 妨碍; 打扰; Electronic files are replacing _ filing cabinets(文件柜), and intelligent facsimile(智能传真) and copying machines are appearing together with a variety of printers able to print anything from letter-quality characters to four color diagrams. 选择一项： considerate体贴的，体谅的;深思熟虑; conventional传统的;习用的，平常的;依照惯例的;约定的; consequent随之发生的;必然的，合乎逻辑的;继起的;地顺向的; conversational会话的，谈话的;健谈的，善应酬的; Of course, music can be distracting(使分心， 分散 （注意力） ;打扰;) if its too loud or too jarring(刺耳的，不和谐的，辗轧的;), or if it _ for our attention with what were trying to do. 选择一项： inquires打听，询问 competes竞赛( compete 的第三人称单数 );竞争; preaches布道( preach 的第三人称单数 );劝诫;说教;宣传; appliesapply for申请; 声请; 5 In many cases, what we say is less important than how we say it or the other _ signals we send out, such as eye contact, facial expression, tone of voice, and gesture. 选择一项： oral口头的，口述的;口服的;属于或关于嘴的;构成或使用言语的; nonverbal不用言辞表达的; warning警告的;告诫的;引以为戒的; electronic电子的;电子操纵的; Whether its checking the weather, e-mail, or bank account, smartphones have made mobile connectivity(连通性) so _ that today s younger generations seem much more “addicted” to their smartphones. 选择一项： accessible易接近的;可理解的;易相处的;易感的; imaginable可想像的;可能的; feasible可行的，可能的 visible看得见的;明显的，显然的; Some people may be required to work shifts or excessive hours, whilst(同时;当的时 候;同“while”;) others feel they simply cannot _ targets they see as unrealistic. 选择一项： complete完成,使完满;完成或结束; acquire获得，取得;学到; meet obtain获得，得到;流行;买到，达到（目的）; Universities, employers and professional bodies all _ the need for effective engineers to have skills in management and business. 选择一项： accredit归因于;委托，授权;相信，认可; acknowledge承认;鸣谢;对打招呼;告知已收到; admit许可进入;承认,供认; 6 acquaint 使熟悉,使认识 One of the most sincere forms of respect is _ listening to what another has to say. 选择一项： daily virtually实际上,实质上,事实上,几乎;无形中;无形; actually实际上;事实上;确实;竟; finally 排序： the two influenza researchers whose work has triggered a far-reaching debate could hardly have handled their publicity more differently on the limits of scientific freedom 答案： the two influenza researchers whose work has triggered a far-reaching debate on the limits of scientific freedom could hardly have handled their publicity more differently other theories posit that dark energy is a temporary and that matters gravitational pull will one day take over phenomenon like inflation, 7 and temper the universes growth spurt 答案： other theories posit that dark energy is a temporary phenomenon like inflation, and that matters gravitational pull will one day take over and temper the universes growth spurt the more familiar an engineer or scientist is with the various characteristics the more proficient and confident he or she will be in making judicious materials choices based on these criteria as well as processing techniques of materials 答案： the more familiar an engineer or scientist is with the various characteristics as well as processing techniques of materials the more proficient and confident he or she will be in making judicious materials choices based on these criteria the measurements so far lend support to the leading theory that the more the universe expands, the stronger dark energy becomes dark energy is a natural property of empty space: 答案： the measurements so far lend support to the leading theory that dark energy is a natural property of empty space: 8 the more the universe expands, the stronger dark energy becomes another reason for studying management is the reality that for most of you, once you graduate from college and begin your career you will either manage or be managed scientists believe something began pressing the gas pedal again, causing expansion to accelerate once more but as the universe got larger and matter got more diluted, 答案： but as the universe got larger and matter got more diluted, scientists believe something began pressing the gas pedal again, causing expansion to accelerate once more the team then compared its measured rate with those from more recent eras to conclude that the universes expansion was slowing at that time 9 a materials scientist is to develop or synthesize new materials, whereas a materials engineer using existing materials is called upon to create new products or systems from a functional perspective, the role of 答案： from a functional perspective, the role of a materials scientist is to develop or synthesize new materials, whereas a materials engineer is called upon to create new products or systems using existing materials we always try to have a strong global dimension in our research and development, and our scientists see international cooperation as an integral part of our modern research community detecting the presence of populations of rare and threatened animal species is a challenge for conservation planners and managers especially in habitats like lakes and rivers where an animal leaves little or no macroscopic trace 10 PART 3 (5 points) Directions: In this part of the test, you have 5 paragraphs given in wrong order. Please re-organize these paragraphs by dragging them with your mouse so that they make a coherent text. The third paragraph has already been correctly marked for you. 答 案： In the first year or so of Web business, most of the action has revolved around efforts to tap the consumer market. More recently, as the Web proved to be more than a fashion, companies have started to buy and sell products and services with one another. Such business-to-business sales make sense because business people typically know what product theyre looking for. Nonetheless 尽管如此，, many companies still hesitate to use the Web because of doubts about its reliability. “Businesses need to feel they can trust the pathway between them and the supplier,“ says senior analyst Blane Erwin of Forrester Research. Some companies are limiting the risk by conducting online transactions only with established business partners who are given access to the companys private intranet. 11 Another major shift 另一个重大转变 in the model for Internet commerce concerns the technology available for marketing. Until recently, Internet marketing activities have focused on strategies to “pull“ customers into sites. In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push“ information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted customers. Most notably, the Pointcast Network uses a screen saver to deliver a continually updated stream of news and advertisements to subscribers computer monitors. Subscribers 用 户 can customize 定 制 the information they want to receive and proceed directly to a companys Web site. Companies such as Virtual Vineyards are already starting to use similar technologies to push messages to customers about special sales, product offerings, or other events. PART 4 (10 points) Directions: In this part of the test, there is a passage with 10 blanks. For each blank, please choose ONE word or phrase from the list below by dragging it with the mouse to complete the passage. 完型答案： The simple act of surrendering a telephone number to a store clerk may not seem harmfulso much so that many consumers do it with no questions asked. Yet that one action can set in motion a cascade of silent events, as that data point is acquired, analyzed,categorized把 归 类, stored and sold over and over again. Future attacks on your privac