呼吸系统疾病61肺炎课件

Department of Pathology Southern Medical University 呼吸系统疾病（一） Respiratory System Disease 梁 莉 * * 1 1 Flu symptom Are we ready to meet bird flu challenge? SARS-the mystery illness Pneumonia-how common it is! Pulmonary tuberculosis- old disease Continuing Waging war on lung cancer DateDate 2 2 Respiratory system anatomical chart DateDate 3 3 DateDate 4 4 Bronchi DateDate 5 5 DateDate 6 6 Blood-air barrierDateDate 7 7 Types of respiratory system disease Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) 慢性支气管炎 Chronic bronchitis 肺气肿 Pulmonary emphysema 支气管扩张症 Bronchiectasis Pneumonia 大叶性肺炎 Lobar pneumonia 小叶性肺炎 Lobular pneumonia 病毒性肺炎 Viral pneumonia Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS) Chronic cor pulmonale Pneumoconiosis Tumors of respiratory system DateDate 8 8 Pneumonia - Acute exudative inflammation 75.5%75.5% of acute infective death ratio of respiratory system of acute infective death ratio of respiratory system 5th5th in various types of death etiology in various types of death etiology DateDate 9 9 Types of pneumonia Etiology Place and slope Character Biological factors: Bacterial, Viral, Mycoplasmal Physical and chemical factors: Lobar pneumonia Lobular pneumonia Interstitial pneumonia Segmental pneumonia DateDate1010 Lobar pneumonia Introduction Etiology chill, high fever, chest pain, cough, rusty sputum, dyspnea; consolidation of lung; WBC Natural course of disease: 5-10 days Introduction DateDate1212 浆浆 液液 性性 渗渗 出出 物物 细菌在肺泡中繁殖 肺泡孔肺泡孔 呼吸呼吸细支气管细支气管 带菌渗出液带菌渗出液 大叶间蔓延大叶间蔓延 叶支气管叶支气管 邻近肺组织邻近肺组织 机体抵抗力呼吸道防御能力细菌感染(肺炎球菌) 变态反应性炎血管扩张，通透性浆液、纤维素渗出 肺炎链球菌（1,2,3,7型） 金黄色葡萄球菌 溶血性链球菌溶血性链球菌 9090 Etiology however, it is possible that the disease could re-emerge. DateDate5252 肉眼：肿，实，点状坏死、梗死 镜下：透明膜、胞浆病 毒包涵体，肺泡浆液纤 维素、中性粒细胞，小 血管内微血栓，脱屑性 肺泡炎 Pathological changes DateDate5353 DateDate5454 SARS: Hyaline membrane DateDate5555 SARS: Viral inclusion body DateDate5656 大、小叶性肺炎、病毒性肺炎的区别 大叶性肺炎小叶性肺炎病毒性肺炎 发发病人群青壮年婴婴幼儿、老弱各年龄组龄组 病原体肺炎双球菌多种细细菌病毒 病变变范围围一或多个肺大叶 散在于双肺弥漫性分布 病变变部位肺泡肺小叶：细细支 气管为为中心及 周围围肺泡 肺间质组织间质组织 病变变性质质纤维纤维 素性炎化脓脓性炎淋巴细细胞、单单核 细细胞渗出 预预后完全痊愈并发发症、预预后 差 差别别大 DateDate5757 思 考 题 比较