中考英语 话题十二 饮食习题1

1 话题十二话题十二 饮食饮食(Food(Food andand drinks)drinks) .完形填空 A A In Thailand, people do not eat with chopsticks like in China, Japan, and Korea.They use spoons and forks.They never use knives.Most food is _1_ cut.If you need to cut things, use the _2_ of your spoon first and then use your fork.The spoon is more _3_ than the fork.If you are righthanded, keep the spoon in your right _4_ and the fork in your left hand. People usually have rice in a _5_ bowl.The rice is not on the same plate with the other food.It is not necessary to _6_ all your rice or all your food._7_ a little on your plate is good.If you eat anything, it _8_ you want more. People always _9_ you more food.The host(主人) will ask you two or three times _10_ you want more food.It is the same with _11_ you are drinking.During the meal, never _12_ your cup or glass.When it is _13_ half full, your host or neighbor will _14_ it again.Never fill your own glass.Always refill(再加满) your neighbors glass.This means that you must keep an eye _15_ your neighbors glass all through the meal. (A)1.1.A.already Bnearly Creally Dnever (D)2.2.A.end Bopposite Ctop Dside (D)3.3.A.beautiful Bprecious Cfamous Dimportant (B)4.4.A.side Bhand Cplate Dbowl (A)5.5.A.different Bsame Cbig Dsmall (C)6.6.A.take Bmake Cfinish Dpour (D)7.7.A.Having BTaking CEating DLeaving (C)8.8.A.regards Bknows Cmeans Dstands (A)9.9.A.offer Bprovide Cafford Darrange (A)10.10.A.if Bor Cwhy Dhow (B)11.11.A.whenever Bwhatever Cwherever Dhowever (D)12.12.A.break Braise Chold Dempty (D)13.13.A.more than Bclose to Cfar from Dless than (B)14.14.A.put Bfill Cpour Dcover (C)15.15.A.in Bat Con Dwith 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了泰国的饮食文化不同于中国、日本、韩国 等国家。比如他们不是用筷子吃饭，而是多使用勺子和叉子；还有他们盛饭时米饭也会放到 不同的盘子里；最后讲述了他们在就餐过程中的一些习惯。 【答案精析】 1A 考查副词辨析。already “已经” ；nearly“几乎，接近” ；really“的确” ； never“从不” 。由语境可知此处应表示“大多数食物已经被切好了” ，故选 A。 2D 考查名词辨析。end “结束” ；opposite“相反” ；top “顶部” ；side“边，面， 侧面” 。结合语境可知句意为“如果你需要切东西，首先可以用勺子的一边” ，故选 D。 2 3D 考查形容词辨析。beautiful“漂亮的” ；precious“宝贵的” ；famous “著名的” ；important“重要的” 。由前后文语境可知此处应强调勺子的重要性，故选 D。 4B 考查名词辨析。side “边，面，侧边” ； hand“手” ；plate “盘子” ； bowl“碗” 。由“the fork in your left hand”可知把勺子应拿在右手边，故选 B。 5A 考查形容词辨析。 different“不同的” ；same “相同的” ；big “大的” ； small“小的” 。由“The rice is not on the same plate with the other food.”可知 “米饭和其他食物不是放在相同的盘子里” ，故选 A。 6C 考查动词辨析。take “带走” ；make “制作；使” ； finish“完成” ；pour“涌 出，倾倒” 。结合上下文语境可知此处表示 “没必要吃完所有的食物” ，故选 C。 7D 考查动名词辨析。having“有” ；taking“带走，拿走” ；eating“吃” ； leaving“留下” 。由上文说“没必要吃完所有的食物”可知此处表示“留一些食物在盘子里 是不错的” ，故选 D。 8C 考查动词辨析。regards “把看作” ；knows “知道，了解” ；means “意思 是” ；stands“代表” ，后通常与 for 连用。句意为“如果任何东西你都吃完的话，那就意味 着你还想吃更多。 ”故选 C。 9A 考查动词辨析。 offer”提供” ； provide“提供” ； afford “付得起” ； arrange“安排” 。句意为“人们总是为你提供更多的食物。 ”offer sb. sth.和 provide sb. with sth.都意为“为某人提供某物” 。故选 A。 10A 考查连词辨析。 if “如果，是否” ；or “或者，否则” ；why “为什么； 的原因” ；how “如何” 。结合上下文语境可知句意为“主人会问你两三遍你是否想要更多的 食物” 。故选 A。 11B 考查连词辨析。whenever“无论何时” ；whatever“无论什么” ； wherever“无 论在哪” ；however“无论如何” 。此处 whatever 引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，故选 B。 12D 考查动词辨析。break“损坏” ；raise“提高” ；hold “支撑，容纳” ； empty“把倒空” 。由下文内容可知此处表示，不要将你的杯子喝到空，与下文的 full 相对应，故选 D。 13D 考查形容词短语辨析。more than “多于” ；close to“接近” ；far from “远 离” ；less than“少于” 。此处表示当杯子还不到半杯满时，你的主人或邻居会再次倒满它。 故选 D。 14B 考查动词辨析。put“放置” ； fill“填满” ；pour“倾倒” ；cover“覆盖” 。结 合上下文语境可知此处表示，你的主人会再次倒满它。故选 B。 15C 考查介词辨析。keep an eye on sth.“盯着某物看” ，为固定短语。故选 C。 B B 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后用方框中所给的词的适当形式填空。每个词限用 一次。 if serious follow reason one eat regular advice realize health Have you ever wanted to stop 1 1 eating something sweet but you just couldnt? Can you eat a huge bar of chocolate all by yourself? Can you say “no” to sweets at parties? If you cant, then there is a 2 2 reason perhaps youre sugar addict(有瘾的人)! Does that sound funny? Well, doctors say that people who eat sweets 3 3 regularly can easily become addicted(成瘾的) to sugar. Whats more, most sugar addicts dont even 4 4 realize that theyre addicted! Sugar addiction is a 5 5 serious problem because it can really damage your health.Doctors say that we should eat food which is 6 6 healthy such as fresh fruits and vegetables, and 3 that we shouldnt eat a lot of sugar or fast food.But sugar addicts cant 7 7 follow this advice.They know they must stop eating sweet food, but they cant.So what can you do 8 8 if you think youre addicted to the taste of sugar? Well, here is some 9 9 advice： Eat some fresh fruits when you really want something sweet to eat. Cut down on sweet food slowly.Dont try to stop eating it all at 1010 once. Tell your parents, If they know, they will help you. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述对糖或甜食上瘾可能会对身体的有一些危害， 同时给了一些关于少吃甜食保持健康的建议。 【答案精析】 1eating 由“something sweet”可知此处指停止吃一些甜食；stop doing sth.“停止正在做的事情” ，为固定用法，故填 eating。 2reason 分析句子可知此空在 a 之后，缺一个可数名词单数，由后文的解释“或许 你就是甜食爱好者”可知此处表示“如果你不能，那只有一种原因” 。故填 reason。 3regularly 此处“ who eat sweets .”是一个定语从句，此处缺副词作状语。 再由句意“经常吃甜品的人”可知应填 regular 的副词形式 regularly。 4realize dont 之后需要动词原形，由“most sugar addicts dont even . that theyre addicted! ”可知此处表示大多数对糖成瘾的人都没有意识到他们已经成瘾 了，故填 realize。 5serious 分析句子成分可知此处缺形容词修饰名词 problem，由 “because it can really damage your health”可知糖瘾是很严重的问题，故填 serious。 6healthy be 动词之后应用形容词，由“such as fresh fruits and vegetables” 可知水果蔬菜属于健康的食物，故填 healthy。 7follow cant 之后缺少动词原形。再由“But”可知对糖成瘾的人却不能遵循这个 建议。故填 follow。 8if 分析句子结构可知两个分句间需要一个连接词，再由语境可知此句意为“如果 你认为你对甜品成瘾的话你会做什么？”故填 if。 9advice some 之后缺名词，再由下文三点都是建议可知此处填 advice，advice 为 不可数名词。 10once at once 为固定搭配，意为“立刻；马上” 。故填 once。 .阅读理解 A A Do you think that living a hungry life is last centurys story? Well, it may be this centurys headline. The world has growing worries about a global food shortage.Right now, there are still 870 million hungry people in the world, according to a survey of the UNs Food and Agriculture Organization.Unfortunately, Children cant escape it, either.Around fifteen million children die of hunger each year. Whats causing food shortage? There are several reasons. There are now more droughts and floods.This is very harmful to farmers and their ability to grow food. Besides, with the growing population, feeding everyone becomes more difficult.There are a little more than seven billion people in the world.By 2050, 4 the world population will be more than nine billion. Another reason is food waste.The average person throws away 50kg of food every year. How can we help with food shortage? The easiest way is to cut down on food waste. Next time before throwing away the food on your plate, just think how much work has been done to make itBy buying less, we waste less.This takes the pressure of producing so much food.And it helps to solve the problem of food shortage. The author of the study said, “You dont need a huge activity to make a difference.” (B)1.1.How many reasons for food shortage have been mentioned in the passage? A2. B3. C4. D5. (A)2.2.The easiest way to solve food shortage is to _. Asave food Bplant more food Climit population growth Dstop pollution (A)3.What does the underlined word “it” refer to? Afood Bsurvey Cpopulation Dwork (C)4.The last sentence in the passage means _. Atheres no need to have an activity to cut down on food waste Bsolving food shortage is a great thing Cstop wasting from ourselves and from tiny things Dwe should make a difference to stop population growth 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要从两方面对于全球食物短缺问题进行了说明：一 是食物短缺的原因；二是帮助减轻食物短缺的方法。 【答案精析】 1B 综合理解题。文章 4，5，6 段分别讲了导致食物短缺的三个原因：自然灾害(干 旱和洪涝)；人口增长；食物浪费。 2A 细节理解题。由第七段第二句“The easiest way is to cut down on food waste.”可知，解决食物短缺问题最简单的方法是减少食物浪费，即节约食物。 3A 单词指代题。由画线单词所在句“Next time before throwing away the food on your plate, just think how much work has been done to make it.”可知此处表示， 下次在你扔食物之前，想一下为生产食物做了多少工作。故此处 it 指食物。 4C 句意猜测题。make a difference 意为“起作用” 。结合上下文语境可知此句与 “Stop wasting from ourselves and from tiny things.”同义，即停止浪费从自身及身 边小事做起。故选 C。 B B 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选择 五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整。 When we talk of plants, most of us will think of things that grow from the 5 ground and have green leaves, but there are plants that do not look or act like other plants.1_F_ Fungi may appear almost everywhere. 2 2_D_ Because fungi do not have green leaves to make their own food, fungi must take their food from animals, other plants or water.Some fungi live on dead or rotting wood, while others grow on living trees or in dirt or moss(苔藓) 3 3_A_ There are many kinds of mushrooms appearing in all shapes and sizes.For example, Squirrels bread(松茸) is a kind of wild mushroom. 4 4_B_ This kind of fungi looks like small golden cakes.Squirrels can easily eat them or carry them off to their hole to eat later. 5 5_E_ They can be eaten safely. People are warned never to touch or taste wild mushrooms, because some of them are deadly.Even less dangerous ones can still make a person very sick. AMushrooms(蘑菇) are the bestknown fungi. BIts appearance and use can explain its name. CSquirrels bread can be eaten. DThey commonly grow in wet places where they can get food and water easily. EThe mushrooms in the store are grown carefully. FSome of these belong to a special class of plants called fungi(菌类) GIt depends on the climate and soil. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。短文主要介绍了菌类植物的生长习性及它们的外观特 点。 【答案精析】 1F 由前句“but there are plants that do not look or act like other plants”可知此处要引出“other plants” ，菌类植物和其他植物有所区别，是一种特殊的 植物。故选 F。 2D 由后句“Because fungi do not have green leaves to make their own food” ， 可知菌类生长的地方没有阳光，不长叶子。生活在比较潮湿的地方。故选 D。 3A 由后句“There are many kinds of mushrooms appearing in all shapes and sizes.”可知后面都是在说蘑菇，所以本句属于引出线索。故选 A。 4B 由空格后的内容“This kind of fungi looks like small golden cakes.”可 知此空与蘑菇的形状有关。故选 B。 5E 由后句“They can be eaten safely.”可知前面提到了一种特殊的菌类即食用 安全放心的，故选 E。 .补全对话 请阅读下面对话，根据对话内容补上所缺的句子，使对话通顺、合理，意思完整。(每 空一句) A：Good afternoon, “Gingers restaurant”.1 1_May/Can_I_help_you? B：Yes.Id like to book a table for Friday evening please. A：OK.2 2_For_how_many_people? B：Well have eight or nine people.Could we book a private room? A：Let me have a check.3 3_At_what_time? B：About 7：30. 6 A：Yes.Thats fine.We can book you a private room for up to ten people at that time.4 4_Could_you_give_me_your_name_please? B：My name is John Smith.My phone number is 75397382. A：All right.We have reserved a private dining room for you at 7：30 PM on Friday evening. B：Thank you. A：5 5_Youre_welcome./My_pleasure. .书面表达 目前中学生饮食健康问题已经引起社会关注，很多学生因饮食不当导致营养不良。我们 应该如何保持饮食健康成为了大家普遍